胶东水系沉积物金地球化学异常分布规律及其意义
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摘要
为研究巨量金聚集作用和成矿元素地球化学异常响应关系,本文针对胶东地区收集了1∶20万全国区域化探扫面计划水系沉积物、全国地球化学基准计划河漫滩沉积物和岩石的地球化学数据,绘制了该研究区水系沉积物和岩石的金地球化学分布图,并结合区域构造-蚀变-成矿特征揭示水系沉积物和主要地质体岩矿石中金的地球化学异常分布及其成因联系。研究区水系沉积物金含量以10.7×10~(-9)为异常下限,地球化学异常面积为164.3km~2,其中Au-1号异常面金属量占研究区总面金属量的51.94%,标准化异常面金属占研究区总标准化面金属量的73.63%,是胶东地区最主要的次生金浓集中心和原生金矿化中心,因此也是胶东金矿床密集产出的部位。区内赋矿地质体岩石、载金矿物黄铁矿和水系沉积物中成矿相关元素Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn和Bi含量变化及综合对比研究表明,胶东地区不同构造带中水系沉积物金背景值受岩石金背景值和矿化体风化剥蚀的综合制约。因此,胶东金的地球化学异常图谱是由区域大规模金矿化作用、高金背景的岩石和金矿床次生风化作用相互叠加的结果,对于理解胶东金矿省巨量金聚集的地表沉积物响应和指导深部找矿勘查具有重要的参考意义。
In order to investigate the relationship between regional massive gold aggregation and geochemical anomaly response of major mineralization elements in the Jiaodong region,we constructed the geochemical distribution maps of gold in drainage sediments and rocks based on geochemical data collected from the1∶200000 Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance project and the China Geochemical Baselines project.Combining with the regional structure-alteration-mineralization features,we aimed to reveal the distribution and geochemical genesis of the gold anomaly in the region.In the study region,we mapped a 164.3 km~2 geochemical anomaly area where the Au-1 area's anomalous surface metal accounted for 51.94%of total surface metal of the study area,and the standardized anomalous surface metal accounted for 73.63%of the total standardized surface metal.Apparently,this anomaly area is not only the centers of secondary Au concentration and primary gold mineralization in the Jiaodong region,but also the site of major Au production of the Jiaodong gold deposit.Through the study of changes and comprehensive comparison of Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn and Bi contents in ore-bearing rocks,gold bearing pyrite and drainage sediments in Jiaodong,we show that the baseline concentrations of Au in drainage sediments in different tectonic belts are strictly affected by the baseline values of Au in rocks and the weathering and denudation of mineralized bodies.Therefore,the geochemical anomaly map of the Jiaodong Au is the result of the superposition of regional large-scale gold mineralization and secondary weathering of rocks and ores with high Au background.This study provided an important reference to understanding the surface sedimentation response of the massive Jiaodong Au accumulation and to guiding deep prospecting in the gold producing provinces on the Jiaodong Peninsula.
In order to investigate the relationship between regional massive gold aggregation and geochemical anomaly response of major mineralization elements in the Jiaodong region,we constructed the geochemical distribution maps of gold in drainage sediments and rocks based on geochemical data collected from the1∶200000 Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance project and the China Geochemical Baselines project.Combining with the regional structure-alteration-mineralization features,we aimed to reveal the distribution and geochemical genesis of the gold anomaly in the region.In the study region,we mapped a 164.3 km~2 geochemical anomaly area where the Au-1 area's anomalous surface metal accounted for 51.94%of total surface metal of the study area,and the standardized anomalous surface metal accounted for 73.63%of the total standardized surface metal.Apparently,this anomaly area is not only the centers of secondary Au concentration and primary gold mineralization in the Jiaodong region,but also the site of major Au production of the Jiaodong gold deposit.Through the study of changes and comprehensive comparison of Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn and Bi contents in ore-bearing rocks,gold bearing pyrite and drainage sediments in Jiaodong,we show that the baseline concentrations of Au in drainage sediments in different tectonic belts are strictly affected by the baseline values of Au in rocks and the weathering and denudation of mineralized bodies.Therefore,the geochemical anomaly map of the Jiaodong Au is the result of the superposition of regional large-scale gold mineralization and secondary weathering of rocks and ores with high Au background.This study provided an important reference to understanding the surface sedimentation response of the massive Jiaodong Au accumulation and to guiding deep prospecting in the gold producing provinces on the Jiaodong Peninsula.
引文
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[6]王学求,叶荣.纳米金属微粒发现:深穿透地球化学的微观证据[J].地球学报,2011,32(1):7-12.
[7] WANG X Q,ZHANG B M,YE R.Comparison of nanoparticles from soils over concealed gold,copper-nickel and silver deposits[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2017,17:6014-6025.
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[10] WANG X Q,XIE X J,YE S Y.Concepts for geochemical gold exploration based on the abundance and distribution of ultrafine gold[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1995,55(1):93-101.
[11]谢学锦,王学求.深穿透地球化学新进展[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1):225-238.
[12] DENG J,YANG L Q,GE L S,et al.Research advances in the Mesozoic tectonic regimes during the formation of Jiaodong ore cluster area[J].Progress in Natural Science,2006,16(8):777-784.
[13] YANG L Q,DENG J,GE L S,et al.Metallogenic epoch and genesis of the gold deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula,Eastern China:a regional review[J].Progress in Natural Science,2007,17(2):138-143.
[14]杨立强,邓军,王中亮,等.胶东中生代金成矿系统[J].岩石学报,2014,30(9):2447-2467.
[15]宋明春,李三忠,伊丕厚,等.中国胶东焦家式金矿类型及其成矿理论[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(1):87-104.
[16] LI L,SANTOSH M,LI S R.The“Jiaodong type”gold deposits:characteristics,origin and prospecting[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,65:589-611.
[17] DENG J,WANG Q F.Gold mineralization in China:metallogenic provinces,deposit types and tectonic framework[J].Gondwana Research,2016,36:219-274.
[18]李兆龙,杨敏之.胶东金矿床地质地球化学[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社,1993:1-300.
[19]杨敏之,吕古贤.胶东绿岩带金矿地质地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-228.
[20]张岳桥,李金良,张田,等.胶莱盆地及其邻区白垩纪—古新世沉积构造演化历史及其区域动力学意义[J].地质学报,2008,82(9):1229-1257.
[21]杨进辉.胶东地区金矿床成矿时代及其成矿地球动力学背景:兼论壳幔相互作用与成岩成矿[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2000:1-133.
[22]罗镇宽,苗来成.胶东招莱地区花岗岩和金矿床[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:1-157.
[23]山东省地质矿产局.区域地质调查报告[R].济南:山东省地质矿产局,1991:139-161.
[24] LU H Z,ARCHAMBAULT G,LI Y S,et al.Structural geochemistry of gold mineralization in the Linglong-Jiaojia district,Shandong Province,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2007,26(3):215-234.
[25]邓军,徐守礼,方云,等.胶东西北部构造体系及金成矿动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-98.
[26] XIE X J,MU X Z,REN T X.Geochemical mapping in China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1997,60(1):99-113.
[27]王学求,谢学锦,张本仁,等.地壳全元素探测:构建“化学地球”[J].地质学报,2010,84(6):854-864.
[28] WANG X Q.China geochemical baselines:sampling methodology[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2015,148:25-39.
[29]谭亲平,王学求.秦岭地区水系沉积物和岩石金元素时空分布研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,5:132-141.
[30]迟清华,鄢明才.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:1-148.
[31] YANG L Q,DENG J,WANG Z L,et al.Relationships between gold and pyrite at the Xincheng gold deposit,Jiaodong peninsula,China:implications for gold source and deposition in a brittle epizonal environment[J].Economic Geology,2016,111(1):105-126.
[32]朱立新,马生明,王之峰.中国东部平原土壤生态地球化学基准值[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1400-1405.
[33]王学求,徐善法,迟清华,等.中国金的地球化学省及其成因的微观解释[J].地质学报,2013,87(1):1-8.
[34]李瑞红.焦家金矿带构造控矿模式[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2017:1-195.
[35]邱连贵,任凤楼,曹忠祥,等.胶东地区晚中生代岩浆活动及对大地构造的制约[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(1):117-123.
[36]姚凤良,刘连登,孔庆存,等.胶东西北部脉状金矿[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1990:1-234.
[37] WANG J,CHANG S C,LU H B,et al.Detrital zircon provenance of the Wangshi and Laiyang groups of the Jiaolai basin:evidence for Early Cretaceous uplift of the Sulu orogen,Eastern China[J].International Geology Review,2016,58(6):719-736.
[38]柳振江,王建平,刘俊.胶东西北部玲珑岩体晚中生代以来隆升剥蚀对金矿形成后变化保存的影响[J].矿物学报,2009,29(增刊):17-18.
[2] CARRANZA E J M,SADEGHI M.Primary geochemical characteristics of mineral deposits:implications for exploration[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2012,45(1):1-4.
[3] LI Y Q,ZHANG D H,DAI L,et al.Characteristics of structurally superimposed geochemical haloes at the polymetallic Xiasai silver-lead-zinc ore deposit in Sichuan Province,SW China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2016,169:100-122.
[4] MANN A W,BIRRELL R D,MANN A T,et al.Application of the mobile metal ion technique to routine geochemical exploration[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1998,61(1/2/3):87-102.
[5] WANG X Q,XIE X J,CHENG Z Z,et al.Delineation of regional geochemical anomalies penetrating through thick cover in concealed terrains:a case history from the Olympic Dam deposit,Australia[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1999,66(1/2):85-97.
[6]王学求,叶荣.纳米金属微粒发现:深穿透地球化学的微观证据[J].地球学报,2011,32(1):7-12.
[7] WANG X Q,ZHANG B M,YE R.Comparison of nanoparticles from soils over concealed gold,copper-nickel and silver deposits[J].Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2017,17:6014-6025.
[8] COHEN D R,KELLEY D L,ANAND R,et al.Major advances in exploration geochemistry,1998-2007[J].Geochemistry:Exploration Environment Analysis,2010,10(1):3-18.
[9] CAMERON E M,LEYBOURNE M I,C P,et al.Economic geology models 1.Geochemical exploration and metallogenic studies,Northern Chile[J].Geoscience Canada,2008,35(3/4):97-108.
[10] WANG X Q,XIE X J,YE S Y.Concepts for geochemical gold exploration based on the abundance and distribution of ultrafine gold[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1995,55(1):93-101.
[11]谢学锦,王学求.深穿透地球化学新进展[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1):225-238.
[12] DENG J,YANG L Q,GE L S,et al.Research advances in the Mesozoic tectonic regimes during the formation of Jiaodong ore cluster area[J].Progress in Natural Science,2006,16(8):777-784.
[13] YANG L Q,DENG J,GE L S,et al.Metallogenic epoch and genesis of the gold deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula,Eastern China:a regional review[J].Progress in Natural Science,2007,17(2):138-143.
[14]杨立强,邓军,王中亮,等.胶东中生代金成矿系统[J].岩石学报,2014,30(9):2447-2467.
[15]宋明春,李三忠,伊丕厚,等.中国胶东焦家式金矿类型及其成矿理论[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(1):87-104.
[16] LI L,SANTOSH M,LI S R.The“Jiaodong type”gold deposits:characteristics,origin and prospecting[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,65:589-611.
[17] DENG J,WANG Q F.Gold mineralization in China:metallogenic provinces,deposit types and tectonic framework[J].Gondwana Research,2016,36:219-274.
[18]李兆龙,杨敏之.胶东金矿床地质地球化学[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社,1993:1-300.
[19]杨敏之,吕古贤.胶东绿岩带金矿地质地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-228.
[20]张岳桥,李金良,张田,等.胶莱盆地及其邻区白垩纪—古新世沉积构造演化历史及其区域动力学意义[J].地质学报,2008,82(9):1229-1257.
[21]杨进辉.胶东地区金矿床成矿时代及其成矿地球动力学背景:兼论壳幔相互作用与成岩成矿[D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2000:1-133.
[22]罗镇宽,苗来成.胶东招莱地区花岗岩和金矿床[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:1-157.
[23]山东省地质矿产局.区域地质调查报告[R].济南:山东省地质矿产局,1991:139-161.
[24] LU H Z,ARCHAMBAULT G,LI Y S,et al.Structural geochemistry of gold mineralization in the Linglong-Jiaojia district,Shandong Province,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2007,26(3):215-234.
[25]邓军,徐守礼,方云,等.胶东西北部构造体系及金成矿动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-98.
[26] XIE X J,MU X Z,REN T X.Geochemical mapping in China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1997,60(1):99-113.
[27]王学求,谢学锦,张本仁,等.地壳全元素探测:构建“化学地球”[J].地质学报,2010,84(6):854-864.
[28] WANG X Q.China geochemical baselines:sampling methodology[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2015,148:25-39.
[29]谭亲平,王学求.秦岭地区水系沉积物和岩石金元素时空分布研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,5:132-141.
[30]迟清华,鄢明才.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:1-148.
[31] YANG L Q,DENG J,WANG Z L,et al.Relationships between gold and pyrite at the Xincheng gold deposit,Jiaodong peninsula,China:implications for gold source and deposition in a brittle epizonal environment[J].Economic Geology,2016,111(1):105-126.
[32]朱立新,马生明,王之峰.中国东部平原土壤生态地球化学基准值[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1400-1405.
[33]王学求,徐善法,迟清华,等.中国金的地球化学省及其成因的微观解释[J].地质学报,2013,87(1):1-8.
[34]李瑞红.焦家金矿带构造控矿模式[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2017:1-195.
[35]邱连贵,任凤楼,曹忠祥,等.胶东地区晚中生代岩浆活动及对大地构造的制约[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(1):117-123.
[36]姚凤良,刘连登,孔庆存,等.胶东西北部脉状金矿[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1990:1-234.
[37] WANG J,CHANG S C,LU H B,et al.Detrital zircon provenance of the Wangshi and Laiyang groups of the Jiaolai basin:evidence for Early Cretaceous uplift of the Sulu orogen,Eastern China[J].International Geology Review,2016,58(6):719-736.
[38]柳振江,王建平,刘俊.胶东西北部玲珑岩体晚中生代以来隆升剥蚀对金矿形成后变化保存的影响[J].矿物学报,2009,29(增刊):17-18.
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