川东地区寒武系龙王庙组沉积相特征与有利相带分布
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摘要
近年来,四川盆地中部地区寒武系龙王庙组勘探获得重大突破并取得了相应的地质认识,但是针对川东地区寒武系龙王庙组的勘探目前仍处于初步阶段,地质认识也相对不足。通过充分利用区内完钻井资料并结合川东及野外露头剖面,采用岩心、露头宏观描述与薄片镜下微观鉴定相结合的方法,开展岩石学特征和沉积相特征分析。表明:①川东地区寒武系龙王庙组主要发育白云岩类、石灰岩类,局部发育石膏岩类及碎屑岩类;②主要发育碳酸盐岩台地相,局限台地亚相和开阔台地亚相及其相应的沉积微相;③区块西北角曾1井一带为碎屑岩和碳酸盐混积台地相;区块中部巴中—万源—开州—万州—重庆一带为局限台地,区块东部石柱—云阳—城口至恩施—巫山—镇坪一带发育开阔台地;④在长寿—涪陵一带为蒸发台地相。城口—利川、宣汉—垫江一线颗粒滩为有利的沉积相带。该沉积相研究成果针对下一步在川东地区的天然气勘探有利区选择具有参考价值。
In recent years, great breakthrough has been made in gas exploration of Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, central Sichuan Basin, and many geological understandings have also been achieved. However, another exploration of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern basin is still in its initial stage, resulting in relatively few understandings. So, both petrological and sedimentary facies characteristics of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern basin were analyzed by core and outcrop description, thin-section identification, and drilling data. Results show that(1) the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin, is mainly composed of dolomite and limestone, and partly gypsum and clastic rocks;(2) there are dominantly developed carbonate platform facies, restricted and open platform subfacies, and their corresponding microfacies;(3) the clastic-carbonate diamictite platform facies is distributed in northern block around Zeng 1 well, the restricted platform facies for central block around Bazhong-Wanyuan-Kaizhou-Wanzhou-Chongqing area, and the open platform facies for eastern block around Shizhu-Yunyang-Chengkou-Enshi-Wushan-Zhenping area, respectively;and(4) the evaporation platform facies is distributed in Changshou-Fuling area, and some grain beach developed in Chengkou-Lichuan and Xuanhan-Dianjiang areas is one favorable facies belt. These results on sedimentary facies may provide reference for selecting favorable areas for gas exploration in eastern Sichuan Basin.
In recent years, great breakthrough has been made in gas exploration of Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, central Sichuan Basin, and many geological understandings have also been achieved. However, another exploration of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern basin is still in its initial stage, resulting in relatively few understandings. So, both petrological and sedimentary facies characteristics of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern basin were analyzed by core and outcrop description, thin-section identification, and drilling data. Results show that(1) the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, eastern Sichuan Basin, is mainly composed of dolomite and limestone, and partly gypsum and clastic rocks;(2) there are dominantly developed carbonate platform facies, restricted and open platform subfacies, and their corresponding microfacies;(3) the clastic-carbonate diamictite platform facies is distributed in northern block around Zeng 1 well, the restricted platform facies for central block around Bazhong-Wanyuan-Kaizhou-Wanzhou-Chongqing area, and the open platform facies for eastern block around Shizhu-Yunyang-Chengkou-Enshi-Wushan-Zhenping area, respectively;and(4) the evaporation platform facies is distributed in Changshou-Fuling area, and some grain beach developed in Chengkou-Lichuan and Xuanhan-Dianjiang areas is one favorable facies belt. These results on sedimentary facies may provide reference for selecting favorable areas for gas exploration in eastern Sichuan Basin.
引文
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[5]孟昊,任影,钟大康,等.四川盆地东部寒武系龙王庙组地球化学特征及其古环境意义[J].天然气地球科学.2016,27(7):1301-1331.Meng Hao,Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,et al.Geochemical characteristic and its paleoenvironmental implication of Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience.2016,27(7):1301-1331.
[6]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.四川盆地东部下寒武统龙王庙组碳、氧同位素组成及古环境意义[J].海相油气地质.2016,21(4):11-20.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions and its paleoenvironment implication of lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the east part of Sichuan basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2016,21(4):11-20.
[7]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东寒武系龙王庙组白云岩地球化学特征、成因及油气意义[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1102-1115.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Geochemical characteristics,genesis and hydrocarbon significance of dolomite in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1102-1115.
[8]黄文明,刘树根,张长俊,等.四川盆地寒武系储层特征及优质储层形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):566-575.Huang Wenming,Liu Shugen,Zhang Changjun,et al.Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the high quality Cambrian reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):566-575.
[9]韩波,何治亮,任娜娜,等.四川盆地东缘龙王庙组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J].岩性油气藏,2018,30(1):75-85.Han Bo,He Zhiliang,Ren Nana,et al.Characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate reservoirs of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(1):75-85.
[10]周进高,徐春春,姚根顺,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组储集层形成与演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(2):1-9.Zhou Jingao,Xu Chunchun,Yao Genshun,et al.Genesis and evolution of lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation reservoirs,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(2):1-9.
[11]刘树根,宋金民,赵异华,等.四川盆地龙王庙组优质储层形成与分布的主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,21(6):657-670.Liu Shugen,Song Jinmin,Zhao Yihua,et al.Controlling factors of formation and distribution of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation high-quality reservoirs in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,21(6):657-670.
[12]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东及其周缘地区下寒武统龙王庙组储集层特征与控制因素[J].古地理学报,2015,17(6):829-840.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation reservoirs in eastern Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(6):829-840.
[13]冯增昭,彭勇民,金振李,等.中国南方寒武纪和奥陶纪岩相古地理[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.Feng Zengzhao,Peng Yongmin,Jin Zhenli,et al.Cambrian and Ordovician lithofacies palaeogeography in southern China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2001.
[14]门玉澎,许效松,牟传龙,等.中上扬子寒武系蒸发岩岩相古地理[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2010,30(3):58-64.Men Yupeng,Xu Xiaosong,Mou Chuanlong,et al.Sedimentary facies and palaeogeography of the evaporates in the middle upper Yangtze area[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2010,30(3):58-64.
[15]沈安江,陈娅娜,潘立银,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相与储层分布预测研究[J].天然气地球科学,2018,28(8):1176-1190.Shen Anjiang,Chen Yana,Pan Liyin,et al.The facies and porosity origin of reservoirs:Case studies from Longwangmiao Formation of Cambrian,Sichuan Basin,and their implications to reservoir prediction[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2018,28(8):1176-1190.
[16]杨威,谢仁武,魏国齐,等.四川盆地寒武纪-奥陶纪层序岩相古地理、有利储层展布与勘探区带[J].石油学报,2012,33(增刊2):21-34.Yang Wei,Xie Renwu,Wei Guoqi,et al.Sequence lithofacies paleogeography,favorable reservoir distribution and exploration zones of the Cambrian and Ordovician in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(S2):21-34.
[17]杨雪飞,王兴志,代林呈,等.川中地区下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相特征[J].岩性油气藏.2015,27(1):95-101.Yang Xuefei,Wang Xingzhi,Dai Lincheng,et al.Sedimentary features of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the central Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(1):95-101.
[18]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东及其周缘地区下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相[J].古地理学报,2015,17(3):335-34 6.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Sedimentary facies of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(3):335-346.
[19]冯伟明,谢渊,刘建清,等.上扬子下寒武统龙王庙组沉积模式与油气勘探方向[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(3):106-111.Feng Weiming,Xie Yuan,Liu Jianqing,et al.Sedimentary model and hydrocarbon exploration targets of the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the Upper Yangtze Area[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(3):106-111.
[20]孙占彪.区域地质测量报告(城口幅-巫溪幅)[M].1974.Sun Zhanbiao.Regional geological survey report(Chengkou-Wuxi)[M].1974.
[2]马永生,陈洪德,工国力.中国南方层序地层与古地理[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Ma Yongsheng,Chen Hongde&Gong Guoli.Sequence stratigraphy and paleogeography in southern China[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[3]戴鸿鸣,王顺玉,王海清,等.四川盆地寒武系-震旦系含气系统成藏特征及有利勘探区块[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(5):16-20.Dai Hongming,Wang Shunyu,Wang Haiqing,et al.Formation characteristics of natural gas reservoirs and favorable exploration areas in Sinian Cambrian petroleum system of Sichuan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(5):16-20.
[4]肖开华,沃玉进,周雁,等.中国南方海相层系油气成藏特点与勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):316-325.Xiao Kaihua,Wo Yujin,Zhou Yan et al.Petroleum reservoiring characteristics and exploration direction in marine strata in southern China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(3):316-325.
[5]孟昊,任影,钟大康,等.四川盆地东部寒武系龙王庙组地球化学特征及其古环境意义[J].天然气地球科学.2016,27(7):1301-1331.Meng Hao,Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,et al.Geochemical characteristic and its paleoenvironmental implication of Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience.2016,27(7):1301-1331.
[6]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.四川盆地东部下寒武统龙王庙组碳、氧同位素组成及古环境意义[J].海相油气地质.2016,21(4):11-20.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions and its paleoenvironment implication of lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the east part of Sichuan basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2016,21(4):11-20.
[7]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东寒武系龙王庙组白云岩地球化学特征、成因及油气意义[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1102-1115.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Geochemical characteristics,genesis and hydrocarbon significance of dolomite in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1102-1115.
[8]黄文明,刘树根,张长俊,等.四川盆地寒武系储层特征及优质储层形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):566-575.Huang Wenming,Liu Shugen,Zhang Changjun,et al.Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the high quality Cambrian reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):566-575.
[9]韩波,何治亮,任娜娜,等.四川盆地东缘龙王庙组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素[J].岩性油气藏,2018,30(1):75-85.Han Bo,He Zhiliang,Ren Nana,et al.Characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate reservoirs of Longwangmiao Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(1):75-85.
[10]周进高,徐春春,姚根顺,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组储集层形成与演化[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(2):1-9.Zhou Jingao,Xu Chunchun,Yao Genshun,et al.Genesis and evolution of lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation reservoirs,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(2):1-9.
[11]刘树根,宋金民,赵异华,等.四川盆地龙王庙组优质储层形成与分布的主控因素[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,21(6):657-670.Liu Shugen,Song Jinmin,Zhao Yihua,et al.Controlling factors of formation and distribution of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation high-quality reservoirs in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,21(6):657-670.
[12]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东及其周缘地区下寒武统龙王庙组储集层特征与控制因素[J].古地理学报,2015,17(6):829-840.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation reservoirs in eastern Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(6):829-840.
[13]冯增昭,彭勇民,金振李,等.中国南方寒武纪和奥陶纪岩相古地理[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.Feng Zengzhao,Peng Yongmin,Jin Zhenli,et al.Cambrian and Ordovician lithofacies palaeogeography in southern China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2001.
[14]门玉澎,许效松,牟传龙,等.中上扬子寒武系蒸发岩岩相古地理[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2010,30(3):58-64.Men Yupeng,Xu Xiaosong,Mou Chuanlong,et al.Sedimentary facies and palaeogeography of the evaporates in the middle upper Yangtze area[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2010,30(3):58-64.
[15]沈安江,陈娅娜,潘立银,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相与储层分布预测研究[J].天然气地球科学,2018,28(8):1176-1190.Shen Anjiang,Chen Yana,Pan Liyin,et al.The facies and porosity origin of reservoirs:Case studies from Longwangmiao Formation of Cambrian,Sichuan Basin,and their implications to reservoir prediction[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2018,28(8):1176-1190.
[16]杨威,谢仁武,魏国齐,等.四川盆地寒武纪-奥陶纪层序岩相古地理、有利储层展布与勘探区带[J].石油学报,2012,33(增刊2):21-34.Yang Wei,Xie Renwu,Wei Guoqi,et al.Sequence lithofacies paleogeography,favorable reservoir distribution and exploration zones of the Cambrian and Ordovician in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(S2):21-34.
[17]杨雪飞,王兴志,代林呈,等.川中地区下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相特征[J].岩性油气藏.2015,27(1):95-101.Yang Xuefei,Wang Xingzhi,Dai Lincheng,et al.Sedimentary features of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the central Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(1):95-101.
[18]任影,钟大康,高崇龙,等.川东及其周缘地区下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相[J].古地理学报,2015,17(3):335-34 6.Ren Ying,Zhong Dakang,Gao Chonglong,et al.Sedimentary facies of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(3):335-346.
[19]冯伟明,谢渊,刘建清,等.上扬子下寒武统龙王庙组沉积模式与油气勘探方向[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(3):106-111.Feng Weiming,Xie Yuan,Liu Jianqing,et al.Sedimentary model and hydrocarbon exploration targets of the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the Upper Yangtze Area[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(3):106-111.
[20]孙占彪.区域地质测量报告(城口幅-巫溪幅)[M].1974.Sun Zhanbiao.Regional geological survey report(Chengkou-Wuxi)[M].1974.
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