持续施用生石灰对早竹笋品质及竹材力学性质的影响

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英文篇名：Quality of Bamboo Shoots and Physico-mechanical Properties of Culms of Phyllostachys violascens under Continuous Application of Lime 作者：刘军 ; 沈强勇 ; 金锦 ; 张崑 ; 傅伟军 ; 吴家森 英文作者：LIU Jun;SHEN Qiang-yong;JIN Jin;ZHANG Kun;FU Wei-jun;WU Jia-sen;The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture;Yuhang Forestry Station of Zhejiang;School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University; 关键词：营养元素 ; 力学性质 ; 石灰 ; 早竹 英文关键词：Nutrient elements;;Mechanical properties;;Lime;;Phyllostachys violascens 中文刊名：ZZYJ 英文刊名：Journal of Bamboo Research 机构：省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室;杭州市余杭区林业工作站;浙江农林大学环境与资源学院; 出版日期：2019-03-15 出版单位：竹子学报 年：2019 期：v.38 基金：杭州市农业科研攻关专项“早竹林冰雪灾害应对与生产恢复关键技术研究与示范(2016)”;; 杭州市余杭区科技派员专项“持续改良对早竹笋灰分含量、竹株力学特性的影响(2018-08)” 语种：中文; 页：ZZYJ201901009 页数：6 CN：01 ISSN：33-1399/S 分类号：43-48

摘要

研究生石灰用量对早竹笋品质及竹材物理力学性质的影响,为早竹林土壤修复中石灰的合理施用提供科学依据。采用随机区组设计,在早竹林中建立10 m×10 m的小区12个,分别设置CK、SH1、SH2、SH3等4个处理,生石灰用量分别为0、1 500、4 500、7 500 kg·hm~(-2),重复3次。连续施用后3 a后,采集竹笋、竹秆样品,分析笋样中的营养元素和竹材样品的物理力学性质。结果表明,石灰施用后早竹笋中钙含量显著提高了32.46%～48.5%(P<0.05),竹笋铜、铅、镉含量显著下降了15.1%～20.8%,16.6%～19.5%,17.1%～21.0%(P<0.05);施用石灰显著降低了1 a生竹材径向、弦向干缩系数(P<0.05);竹材顺纹抗拉强度和顺纹抗弯强度则表现为SH3处理的1 a生竹材显著高于CK(P<0.05),而2 a的SH2、SH3显著高于CK(P<0.05)。早竹笋钙、镁营养元素含量与土壤交换性钙、镁含量之间具有显著(极显著)正相关,笋中铜、铅、镉含量与土壤有效态元素的相关性达极显著水平,竹材顺纹抗拉强度、顺纹抗弯强度与土壤交换性钙之间有显著性正相关。
        In order to explore the effects of lime application on the quality of Phyllostachys violascens shoots and mechanical properties of bamboo, and to provide a scientific basis for soil remediation, 12 sample plots were established with randomized block design, 4 treatments of lime were set as 0(CK), 1 500(SH1), 4 500(SH2), and 7 500 kg·hm~(-2)(SH3), They were repeated for 3 times. The nutrient elements of bamboo shoots and mechanical properties of bamboo culms were analyzed after 3 years of management. The results indicated that the Ca content significantly increased by 32.46%～48.5%(P<0.05), Cu, Pb and Cd content significantly decreased by 15.1%～20.8.3 %, 16.6%～19.5%, and 17.1%～21.0%(P<0.05) respectively. Compared with the CK, the radial and chord shrinkage coefficients of the one-year-old culms were significantly reduced(P<0.05). The tensile and flexural strength of the one-year-old bamboo under SH3 treatment and the two-year-old bamboo under SH2 and SH3 treatments were significantly higher than that of the CK(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between the Ca and Mg contents in bamboo shoots and the exchangeable Ca and Mg contents in soil. In addition, the correlation between Cu, Pb and Cd in bamboo shoots and available elements in soil were extremely significant, there also existed a significant positive correlation between the tensile, flexural strength and the exchangeable Ca content in soil.

引文

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