基于RSEI的生态质量动态变化分析——以丹江流域(河南段)为例
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摘要
丹江流域(河南段)作为南水北调中线工程的水源地,其生态质量的好坏与变化情况对水源地的生态保护具有重要的参考依据。为研究南水北调中线工程实施前后丹江流域(河南段)的生态质量的变化情况,以1998、2008和2017年Landsat系列遥感影像为基础,通过主成分分析构建遥感生态指数(RSEI)对丹江流域(河南段)近20年内的生态质量进行动态监测,并结合已有数据对其变化原因进行分析。研究结果表明:1998年到2017年,丹江流域(河南段)的生态质量得到明显改善,其遥感生态指数的均值由1998年的0. 632 0上升至2008年的0. 636 6,到2017年已达到0. 694 4;从空间分布上看,生态质量变差区域主要集中于北部林地和中部的城市区域,变好的区域则集中于东南部以及中部的耕地;研究区的生态质量状况与植被覆盖度的增加和建设用地的扩张关系密切。利用遥感生态指数得到的研究区生态质量可以为研究区的生态保护和水土保持研究提供合理的参考依据。
[Backgroud]Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) is the water source of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion Project,its ecological quality is the important reference for the protection of water sources. The implementation of the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has impact on the Dan River Basin( Henan section),so we should study the changes in ecological quality of water source after the implementation of the project. [Methods]This paper chooses the Landsat series of remote sensing images of 1998,2008,and 2017 as the data source and extracts four indicators information which include the greenness,the humidity,the heat,and the dryness. Then combines these indicators with the principal component analysis method to integrate four indicators information,using the PC1 to construct the remote sensing ecological index( RSEI),and dynamically monitoring the ecological quality and its changes in the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) in the past20 years,and combining the existing data to analysis the change reasons. [Results] The study results shows that from 1998 to 2017,the ecological quality of the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) was significantly improved,and the average value of RSEI increases from 0. 632 0 in 1998 to 0. 636 6 in2008,and the value reaches 0. 699 4 in 2017; From the perspective of spatial distribution,the areas with better ecological quality are located in the mountainous areas where in the western and northern parts of the study area,while the poorer areas are mostly located in the population gathering areas and parts of the cultivated areas. These three groups RSEI data are used to calculate the difference and generate the change monitoring maps. After analyzing the relationship between the changes in the regions and land use conditions,it was found that the regions where ecological quality deteriorated were mainly concentrated in the northern woodland and central urban areas,and the better areas are concentrated in the arable lands in the southeast and central regions,which indicates that the ecological quality of the study area is closely related to the increase in vegetation coverage and the expansion of construction land. [Conclusions] In the past 20 years,the RSEI of the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) has been continuously improved,shows that the overall ecological environment in the study area constantly getting better,but in part of the study area,the ecological environment becomes worse because of the influence of human activity. Using RSEI is a new kind of effective method to monitor the area ecological environment change situations,and the results can provide a reasonable and reliable reference basis for the study area 's ecological protection and soil and water conservation in the future.
[Backgroud]Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) is the water source of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion Project,its ecological quality is the important reference for the protection of water sources. The implementation of the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has impact on the Dan River Basin( Henan section),so we should study the changes in ecological quality of water source after the implementation of the project. [Methods]This paper chooses the Landsat series of remote sensing images of 1998,2008,and 2017 as the data source and extracts four indicators information which include the greenness,the humidity,the heat,and the dryness. Then combines these indicators with the principal component analysis method to integrate four indicators information,using the PC1 to construct the remote sensing ecological index( RSEI),and dynamically monitoring the ecological quality and its changes in the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) in the past20 years,and combining the existing data to analysis the change reasons. [Results] The study results shows that from 1998 to 2017,the ecological quality of the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) was significantly improved,and the average value of RSEI increases from 0. 632 0 in 1998 to 0. 636 6 in2008,and the value reaches 0. 699 4 in 2017; From the perspective of spatial distribution,the areas with better ecological quality are located in the mountainous areas where in the western and northern parts of the study area,while the poorer areas are mostly located in the population gathering areas and parts of the cultivated areas. These three groups RSEI data are used to calculate the difference and generate the change monitoring maps. After analyzing the relationship between the changes in the regions and land use conditions,it was found that the regions where ecological quality deteriorated were mainly concentrated in the northern woodland and central urban areas,and the better areas are concentrated in the arable lands in the southeast and central regions,which indicates that the ecological quality of the study area is closely related to the increase in vegetation coverage and the expansion of construction land. [Conclusions] In the past 20 years,the RSEI of the Danjiang River Basin( Henan section) has been continuously improved,shows that the overall ecological environment in the study area constantly getting better,but in part of the study area,the ecological environment becomes worse because of the influence of human activity. Using RSEI is a new kind of effective method to monitor the area ecological environment change situations,and the results can provide a reasonable and reliable reference basis for the study area 's ecological protection and soil and water conservation in the future.
引文
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[7]丁小松,单秀娟,陈云龙,等.岛屿海岸线自动化提取及其时空变迁研究:以大连市獐子岛为例[J].海洋科学,2018,42(2):46.DING Xiaosong,SHAN Xiujuan,CHEN Yunlong,et al.Automatic extraction of shorelines and the spatio-temporal changes:A case study of the Zhangzi Islands in Dalian city,China[J].Marine Sciences,2018,42(2):46.
[8]王小平,张飞,ABDUWASIT Ghulam,等.艾比湖流域地表水水质指标与水体指数关系研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(3):900.WANG Xiaoping,ZHANG Fei,ABDUWASIT Ghulam,et al.The relationship between the surface water quality indices and hydrology of Ebinur Lake watershed[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(3):900.
[9]王乐.基于RS的西安市地表温度反演及城市热环境研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015:26.WANG Le.Land Surface Temperature inversion of Xi'an and the urban thermal environment research based on RS[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015:26.
[10]徐涵秋.城市遥感生态指数的创建及其应用[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7853.XU Hanqiu.A remote sensing urban ecological index and its application[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(24):7853.
[11]徐涵秋.区域生态环境变化的遥感评价指数[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):889.XU Hanqiu.A remote sensing index for assessment of regional ecological changes[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(5):889.
[12]刘智才,徐涵秋,李乐,等.基于遥感生态指数的杭州市城市生态变化[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(4):728.LIU Zhicai,XU Hanqiu,LI Le,et al.Ecological change in the Hangzhou area using the remote sensing based ecological index[J].Journal of Basic Science&Engineering,2015,23(4):728.
[13]宋慧敏,薛亮.基于遥感生态指数模型的渭南市生态环境质量动态监测与分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3913.SONG Huimin,XUE Liang.Dynamic monitoring and analysis of ecological environment in Weinan city,Northwest China based on RSEI model[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(12):3913.
[14]CHANDER G,MARKHAM B L,HELDER D L.Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS,TM,ETM+,and EO-1 ALI sensors[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(5):893.
[15]IMHOFF M L,ZHANG P,WOLFE R E,et al.Remote sensing of the urban heat island effect across biomes in the continental USA[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(3):504.
[16]王瑶,宫辉力,李小娟.基于GIS的北京市生态环境质量监测与分析[J].国土资源遥感,2008,20(1):91.WANG Yao,GONG Huili,LI Xiaojuan.The monitoring and analysis of ecological environment quality of Beijing based on GIS[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2008,20(1):91.
[17]程晋南,赵庚星,李红,等.基于RS和GIS的土地生态环境状况评价及其动态变化[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):83.CHENG Jinnan,ZHAO Gengxing,LI Hong,et al.Dynamic changes and evaluation of land ecological environment status based on RS and GIS technique[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(11):83.
[18]孟岩,赵庚星.基于卫星遥感数据的河口区生态环境状况评价:以黄河三角洲垦利县为例[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):163.MENG Yan,ZHAO Gengxing.Ecological environment condition evaluation of estuarine area based on quantitative remote sensing:A case study in Kenli County.[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(2):163.
[19]GOWARD S N,XUE Y,CZAJKOWSKI K P.Evaluating land surface moisture conditions from the remotely sensed temperature/vegetation index measurements:An exploration with the simplified simple biosphere model[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,79(2/3):225.
[20]CRIST E P.A TM Tasseled Cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1985,17(3):301.
[21]BAIG M H A,ZHANG L,TONG S,et al.Derivation of a tasselled cap transformation based on Landsat 8 at-satellite reflectance[J].Remote Sensing Letters,2014,5(5):423.
[22]SOBRINO J A,JIMNEZ-MUOZ J C,PAOLINI L.Land surface temperature retrieval from LANDSAT TM 5[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,90(4):434.
[23]丁凤,徐涵秋.TM热波段图像的地表温度反演算法与实验分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2006,8(3):125.DING Feng,XU Hanqiu.Comparison of two new algorithms for retrieving land surface temperature from landsat TM thermal band[J].Geo-Information Science,2006,8(3):125.
[24]徐涵秋.遥感监测地表裸露度动态变化及其热环境效应[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(23):98.XU Hanqiu.Dynamic of exposed bare soils and its impact on local thermal environment[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2012,28(23):98.
[25]崔瀚文,姜琦刚,程彬,等.东北地区湿地变化影响因素分析[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(2):214.CUI Hanwen,JIANG Qigang,CHENG Bin,et al.A-nalysis of wetland dynamics and its influencing factors in Northeast China[J].Journal of Basic Science&Engineering,2013,21(2):214.
[26]ANYAMBA A,SMALL J,TUCKER C,et al.Thirtytwo years of Sahelian zone growing season non-stationary NDVI3g patterns and trends[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6(4):3101.
[27]徐涵秋.利用改进的归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI)提取水体信息的研究[J].遥感学报,2005,9(5):589.XU Hanqiu.A Study on information extraction of water body with the modified normalized difference water index(MNDWI)[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2005,9(5):589.
[2]冯永玖,韩震.基于遥感和GIS的海岸带水域生态景观格局演变研究:以杭州湾北岸上海市段为例[J].国土资源遥感,2011,33(1):123.FENG Yongjiu,HAN Zhen.RS and GIS derived spatiotemporal evolution of water landscape in coastal Areas:Acase study of Shanghai section on the northern Bank of Hangzhou Bay[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2011,33(1):123.
[3]朱长明,李均力,张新,等.新疆博斯腾流域湿地遥感监测及时空变化过程[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(3):954.ZHU Changming,LI Junli,ZHANG Xin,et al.Wetlands mapping and spatio-temporal change analysis:Acase study on Bosten Basin,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2013,43(3):954.
[4]张添佑,王玲,王辉,等.玛纳斯河流域盐渍化灌区生态环境遥感监测研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(9):3009.ZHANG Tianyou,WANG Ling,WANG Hui,et al.Assessment of soil salinization ecological environment change in the Manas river basin using remote sensing technology[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(9):3009.
[5]孟丹,李小娟,宫辉力,等.京津冀地区NDVI变化及气候因子驱动分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2015,17(8):1001.MENG Dan,LI Xiaojuan,GONG Huili,et al.Analysis of spatial-temporal change of NDVI and its climatic driving factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolis circle from2001 to 2013[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2015,17(8):1001.
[6]罗敏,古丽·加帕尔,郭浩,等.2000-2013年塔里木河流域生长季NDVI时空变化特征及其影响因素分析[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):50.LUO Min,GULI Jiapaer,GUO Hao,et al.Spatial-temporal variation of growing-season NDVI and its responses to hydrothermal condition in the Tarim river basin from2000 to 2013[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2017,32(1):50.
[7]丁小松,单秀娟,陈云龙,等.岛屿海岸线自动化提取及其时空变迁研究:以大连市獐子岛为例[J].海洋科学,2018,42(2):46.DING Xiaosong,SHAN Xiujuan,CHEN Yunlong,et al.Automatic extraction of shorelines and the spatio-temporal changes:A case study of the Zhangzi Islands in Dalian city,China[J].Marine Sciences,2018,42(2):46.
[8]王小平,张飞,ABDUWASIT Ghulam,等.艾比湖流域地表水水质指标与水体指数关系研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(3):900.WANG Xiaoping,ZHANG Fei,ABDUWASIT Ghulam,et al.The relationship between the surface water quality indices and hydrology of Ebinur Lake watershed[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(3):900.
[9]王乐.基于RS的西安市地表温度反演及城市热环境研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015:26.WANG Le.Land Surface Temperature inversion of Xi'an and the urban thermal environment research based on RS[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015:26.
[10]徐涵秋.城市遥感生态指数的创建及其应用[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7853.XU Hanqiu.A remote sensing urban ecological index and its application[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(24):7853.
[11]徐涵秋.区域生态环境变化的遥感评价指数[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(5):889.XU Hanqiu.A remote sensing index for assessment of regional ecological changes[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(5):889.
[12]刘智才,徐涵秋,李乐,等.基于遥感生态指数的杭州市城市生态变化[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(4):728.LIU Zhicai,XU Hanqiu,LI Le,et al.Ecological change in the Hangzhou area using the remote sensing based ecological index[J].Journal of Basic Science&Engineering,2015,23(4):728.
[13]宋慧敏,薛亮.基于遥感生态指数模型的渭南市生态环境质量动态监测与分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3913.SONG Huimin,XUE Liang.Dynamic monitoring and analysis of ecological environment in Weinan city,Northwest China based on RSEI model[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(12):3913.
[14]CHANDER G,MARKHAM B L,HELDER D L.Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS,TM,ETM+,and EO-1 ALI sensors[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(5):893.
[15]IMHOFF M L,ZHANG P,WOLFE R E,et al.Remote sensing of the urban heat island effect across biomes in the continental USA[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(3):504.
[16]王瑶,宫辉力,李小娟.基于GIS的北京市生态环境质量监测与分析[J].国土资源遥感,2008,20(1):91.WANG Yao,GONG Huili,LI Xiaojuan.The monitoring and analysis of ecological environment quality of Beijing based on GIS[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2008,20(1):91.
[17]程晋南,赵庚星,李红,等.基于RS和GIS的土地生态环境状况评价及其动态变化[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):83.CHENG Jinnan,ZHAO Gengxing,LI Hong,et al.Dynamic changes and evaluation of land ecological environment status based on RS and GIS technique[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(11):83.
[18]孟岩,赵庚星.基于卫星遥感数据的河口区生态环境状况评价:以黄河三角洲垦利县为例[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):163.MENG Yan,ZHAO Gengxing.Ecological environment condition evaluation of estuarine area based on quantitative remote sensing:A case study in Kenli County.[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(2):163.
[19]GOWARD S N,XUE Y,CZAJKOWSKI K P.Evaluating land surface moisture conditions from the remotely sensed temperature/vegetation index measurements:An exploration with the simplified simple biosphere model[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2002,79(2/3):225.
[20]CRIST E P.A TM Tasseled Cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1985,17(3):301.
[21]BAIG M H A,ZHANG L,TONG S,et al.Derivation of a tasselled cap transformation based on Landsat 8 at-satellite reflectance[J].Remote Sensing Letters,2014,5(5):423.
[22]SOBRINO J A,JIMNEZ-MUOZ J C,PAOLINI L.Land surface temperature retrieval from LANDSAT TM 5[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2004,90(4):434.
[23]丁凤,徐涵秋.TM热波段图像的地表温度反演算法与实验分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2006,8(3):125.DING Feng,XU Hanqiu.Comparison of two new algorithms for retrieving land surface temperature from landsat TM thermal band[J].Geo-Information Science,2006,8(3):125.
[24]徐涵秋.遥感监测地表裸露度动态变化及其热环境效应[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(23):98.XU Hanqiu.Dynamic of exposed bare soils and its impact on local thermal environment[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2012,28(23):98.
[25]崔瀚文,姜琦刚,程彬,等.东北地区湿地变化影响因素分析[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(2):214.CUI Hanwen,JIANG Qigang,CHENG Bin,et al.A-nalysis of wetland dynamics and its influencing factors in Northeast China[J].Journal of Basic Science&Engineering,2013,21(2):214.
[26]ANYAMBA A,SMALL J,TUCKER C,et al.Thirtytwo years of Sahelian zone growing season non-stationary NDVI3g patterns and trends[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6(4):3101.
[27]徐涵秋.利用改进的归一化差异水体指数(MNDWI)提取水体信息的研究[J].遥感学报,2005,9(5):589.XU Hanqiu.A Study on information extraction of water body with the modified normalized difference water index(MNDWI)[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2005,9(5):589.
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