基于小波阈值去噪与EMD分解方法提取润扬大桥振动信息
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摘要
在以润扬大桥为例的特大型桥梁动态振动监测中,数据量大且复杂,为了更好地滤除噪声获取真实振动信息,提出了一种小波去噪与EMD分解融合的方法。即先用小波方法对信号进行分解,再用改进的阈值函数进行滤波,目的主要是滤除白噪声;然后再对小波阈值去噪后的信号进行EMD分解,对分解后的信号进一步频谱滤波,最后进行信号重构。实例分析表明,该方法能够更有效地滤除噪声而提取大桥振动信息,是一种高效的去噪方法。
The data of dynamic vibration monitoring of the Runyang bridge, a large-span bridge, are large and complex, In order to better filter out noise and obtain real vibration information, a method of wavelet denoising and EMD decomposition was proposed. At first the signal was decomposed with the wavelet method, and then noise was filtered out with an improved threshold function. The signal was decomposed after the wavelet threshold de-noising using the EMD method. Finally the signal was refactored. Example analysis shows that the method can filter out noise more effectively and extract the bridge vibration information.
The data of dynamic vibration monitoring of the Runyang bridge, a large-span bridge, are large and complex, In order to better filter out noise and obtain real vibration information, a method of wavelet denoising and EMD decomposition was proposed. At first the signal was decomposed with the wavelet method, and then noise was filtered out with an improved threshold function. The signal was decomposed after the wavelet threshold de-noising using the EMD method. Finally the signal was refactored. Example analysis shows that the method can filter out noise more effectively and extract the bridge vibration information.
引文
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[16] 余腾,胡伍生,孙小荣,等.基于运营期地铁轨行区监测数据的去噪小波基函数选取[J].铁道标准设计,2017,10(2):213-217.YU Teng,HU Wusheng,SUN Xiaorong,et al.Selection of denoising wavelet basis function based on monitoring data of subway line area during operation[J].Railway Standard Design,2017,10(2):213-217.
[17] 吴杰,胡夏闽,余腾,等.基于交叉证认的EMD小波滤波在大桥动态监测去噪中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2017,22(36):212-217.WU Jie,HU Xiamin,YU Teng,et al.EMD-wavelet filtering based on cross-validation and its application in bridge dynamic monitoring[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(22):212-217.
[18] 白泉,韩晶晶,盛国华.地震动反应谱拟合过程中小波基函数的选取[J].地震学报,2015,37(6):1037-1044.BAI Quan,HAN Jingjing,SHENG Guohua.Selection of wavelet basis function in the simulation of seismic response spectrum[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2015,37(6):1037-1044.
[2] 吴杰,乔燕,苗恒亚,等.基于GPS的大跨桥梁动态监测试验及分析[J].工程勘察,2016(8):43-47.WU Jie,QIAO Yan,MIAO Hengya,et al.Dynamic monitoring and analysis of the large span bridges deformation based on GPS[J].Geotechnical Investigation Surveying,2016(8):43-47.
[3] 乔燕,孙传智,缪长青.基于GPS的大跨悬索桥动态特性监测及分析 [J].测绘通报,2012(3):1-4.QIAO Yan,SUN Chuanzhi,MIAO Changqing.Monitoring dynamic characteristics of long-span suspension bridge based on GPS technology[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2012(3):1-4.
[4] 孙得璋,孙柏涛,王旭.大跨度桥梁监测台阵建设初探[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014(34):360-365.SUN Dezhang,SUN Botao,WANG Xu.Study of construction of monitoring array for large span bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration ,2014(34):360-365.
[5] 杜彦良,苏木标,刘玉红,等.武汉长江大桥长期健康监测和安全评估系统研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(4):101-110.DU Yanliang,SU Mubiao,LIU Yuhong,et al.Study on the long-term health monitoring and safety evaluation system for the wuhan yangtze river bridge[J].Journal of The China Railway Society,2015,37(4):101-110.
[6] 郜新军,赵成刚,郭院成,等.地震、列车竖向荷载共同作用下大跨桥梁的动力响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2015,35(4):543-547.GAO Xinjun,ZHAO Chenggang,GUO Yuancheng,et al.Dynamic response analysis of long-span continuous bridge under action of vertical load caused by earthquake and train[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2015,35(4):543-547.
[7] 吴杰,余腾,郭冰.小波神经网络在桥梁变形预测中的应用[J].测绘科学,2017,42(11):74-79.WU Jie,YU Teng,GUO Bing.The application of wavelet neural network in the bridge deformation prediction[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2017,42(11):74-79.
[8] 黄声亨,杨保岑,张鸿,等.苏通大桥施工期几何监测系统的建立与应用研究[J].测绘学报,2009,38(1):66-71.HUANG Shengxiang,YANG Baocen,ZHANG Hong,et al.Real-time dynamic monitoring with GPS and georobot during sutong bridge construction[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2009,38(1):66-71.
[9] 邓扬,李爱群,丁幼亮.钢箱梁桥海量应变监测数据分析与疲劳评估方法研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(7):69-77.DENG Yang,LI Aiqun,DING Youliang.Analysis of monitored mass strain data and fatigue assessement for steel-box-girder bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(7):69-77.
[10] 戴吾蛟,丁晓利,朱建军,等.基于经验模式分解的滤波去噪法及其在GPS多路径效应中的应用[J].测绘学报,2006,35(4):321-327.DAI Wujiao,DING Xiaoli,ZHU Jianjun,et al.EMD filter method and its application in GPS multipath[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2006,35(4):321-327.
[11] 李旋,周清锋,何朝津,等.经验模式分解与小波变换在模拟信号中的对比分析[J].地质学刊,2009,33(1):79-83.LI Xuan,ZHOU Qingfeng,HE Chaojin,et al.Comparison analysis of empirical mode decomposition and wavelet decomposition in analog signals[J].Journal of Geology,2009,33(1):79-83.
[12] 杨世锡,胡劲松,吴昭同,等.旋转机械振动信号基于EMD的希尔伯特变换和小波变换时频分析比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(6):102-106.YANG Shixi,HU Jinsong,WU Zhaotong,et al.The comparison of vibration signals’ time-frequency analysis between EMD-based HT and WT method in rotating machinery[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(6):102-106.
[13] 徐宏斌,李庶林,陈际经.基于小波变换的大尺度岩体结构微震监测信号去噪方法研究[J].地震学报,2012(1):85-96.XU Hongbin,LI Shulin,CHEN Jijing.A study on method of signal denoising based on wavelet transform for micro-seismicity monitoring in large-scale rockmass structures[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2012(1):85-96.
[14] 乔燕,李爱群,缪长青,等.索承式桥梁腐蚀吊索安全性能评估[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2015,37(4):28-35.QIAO Yan,LI Aiqun,MIAO Changqing,et al.Assessment on safety performance of corroded cable for cable-supported bridge[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural and Environmental Engineering,2015,37(4):28-35.
[15] 夏坚,宗周红,杨泽刚,等.基于GPS的大跨斜拉桥车辆荷载模型[J].中国公路学报,2016,29 (1) :44-52.XIA Jian,ZONG Zhouhong,YANG Zegang,et al.Vehicle load model of large-span cable-stayed bridge based on GPS[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2016,29 (1) :44-52.
[16] 余腾,胡伍生,孙小荣,等.基于运营期地铁轨行区监测数据的去噪小波基函数选取[J].铁道标准设计,2017,10(2):213-217.YU Teng,HU Wusheng,SUN Xiaorong,et al.Selection of denoising wavelet basis function based on monitoring data of subway line area during operation[J].Railway Standard Design,2017,10(2):213-217.
[17] 吴杰,胡夏闽,余腾,等.基于交叉证认的EMD小波滤波在大桥动态监测去噪中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2017,22(36):212-217.WU Jie,HU Xiamin,YU Teng,et al.EMD-wavelet filtering based on cross-validation and its application in bridge dynamic monitoring[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(22):212-217.
[18] 白泉,韩晶晶,盛国华.地震动反应谱拟合过程中小波基函数的选取[J].地震学报,2015,37(6):1037-1044.BAI Quan,HAN Jingjing,SHENG Guohua.Selection of wavelet basis function in the simulation of seismic response spectrum[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2015,37(6):1037-1044.
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