Analysis of the mass of behind-armor debris generated by RHA subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section EFP
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摘要
Analyzing the mass of behind-armor debris(BAD) generated by Rolled Homogeneous Armor(RHA)subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section Explosively Formed Projectile(EFP) is the purpose of this paper. So theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental data are combined to analyze the influence of variable cross-section characteristic on the time history of crater radius.Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius(as well as mass of BAD) and the thickness of RHA(from 30 mm to 70 mm) and the impact velocity of EFP(1650 m/s to 1860 m/s) are also investigated. The results indicate that: 1) being compared to the variable cross-section characteristic is ignored, the theoretical time history of crater radius is in better agreement with the simulation results when the variable cross-section characteristic is considered; 2) being compared to the other three conditions of plug, the theoretical mass of BAD is in the best agreement with the simulation results when the shape of plug is frustum of a cone and the angle between generatrix and bottom is 45and the axial length of mushroom is considered.
Analyzing the mass of behind-armor debris(BAD) generated by Rolled Homogeneous Armor(RHA)subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section Explosively Formed Projectile(EFP) is the purpose of this paper. So theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental data are combined to analyze the influence of variable cross-section characteristic on the time history of crater radius.Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius(as well as mass of BAD) and the thickness of RHA(from 30 mm to 70 mm) and the impact velocity of EFP(1650 m/s to 1860 m/s) are also investigated. The results indicate that: 1) being compared to the variable cross-section characteristic is ignored, the theoretical time history of crater radius is in better agreement with the simulation results when the variable cross-section characteristic is considered; 2) being compared to the other three conditions of plug, the theoretical mass of BAD is in the best agreement with the simulation results when the shape of plug is frustum of a cone and the angle between generatrix and bottom is 45and the axial length of mushroom is considered.
Analyzing the mass of behind-armor debris(BAD) generated by Rolled Homogeneous Armor(RHA)subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section Explosively Formed Projectile(EFP) is the purpose of this paper. So theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental data are combined to analyze the influence of variable cross-section characteristic on the time history of crater radius.Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius(as well as mass of BAD) and the thickness of RHA(from 30 mm to 70 mm) and the impact velocity of EFP(1650 m/s to 1860 m/s) are also investigated. The results indicate that: 1) being compared to the variable cross-section characteristic is ignored, the theoretical time history of crater radius is in better agreement with the simulation results when the variable cross-section characteristic is considered; 2) being compared to the other three conditions of plug, the theoretical mass of BAD is in the best agreement with the simulation results when the shape of plug is frustum of a cone and the angle between generatrix and bottom is 45and the axial length of mushroom is considered.
引文
[1]Kim HS,Arnold W,Hartmann T,et al.A model for behind armor debris from EFP impact.In:26th international symposium on ballistics,Miami,FL,September 12e16;2011.
[2]Li Rui,Huang Zhengxiang,Zu Xudong,et al.Theoretical analysis on the spallation of EFP vertical penetration target[J/OL].Explos Shock Waves:1-9[2018-04-17]http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1148.O3.20171128.1936.056.html.[in Chinese].
[3]Zhang Xianfeng,Chen Huiwu,Zhao Youshou.Investigation of process and after effect of EFP penetration into target of finite thickness.Explos Shock Waves 2006;(04):323e7[in Chinese].
[4]Dalzell MW,Hazell PJ,Meulman JH.Modelling behind-armour debris formed by the perforation of an EFP through a steel target.In:20th International symposium on ballistics,Orlando,Florida;September,2002.p.23e7.
[5]Wang Xin,Jiang Jian wei,Wang Shu You,et al.Experimental research on fragments after explosively-formed projectile penetrating into steel target.Acta Armamentarii 2018;39(7):1284e90.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.07.005[in Chinese].
[6]Wang YY,Jiang Jianwei,Meng Jiayu,et al.Effect of add-on explosive reactive armor on EFP penetration.In:29th international symposium on ballistics,Edinburgh,Scotland,May 9-13;2016.p.2395e406.
[7]Wu J,Liu J,Du Y.Experimental and numerical study on the flight and penetration properties of explosively-formed projectile.Int J Impact Eng2007;34(7):1147e62.
[8]Li Gang.Technology research on the compact EFP warhead of terminal sensitive projectile.Nanjing University of Science and Technology;2013[in Chinese].
[9]Xing Boyang,Liu Rongzhong,Guo Rui,et al.Influence of the embedded structure on the EFP formation of compact terminal sensitive projectile.Defence Technol 2017;13(4):310e5.
[10]Alekseevskii VP.Penetration of a rod into a target at high velocity.Combust Explos Shock Waves 1966;2(2):63e6.
[11]Tate A.A theory for the deceleration of long rods after impact.J Mech Phys Solid 1967;15:387e99.
[12]Tate A.Further results in the theory of long rod penetration.J Mech Phys Solid1969;17(3):141e50.
[13]Tate A.Long rod penetration modelsd Part I.A flow field model for high speed long rod penetration.Int J Mech Sci 1986;28(8):535e48.
[14]Tate A.Long rod penetration modelsd Part II.Extensions to the hydrodynamic theory of penetration.Int J Mech Sci 1986;28(9):599e612.
[15]Rosenberg Z,Marmor E,Mayseless M.On the hydrodynamic theory of longrod penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1990;10(1e4):483e6.
[16]Grace FI.Long-rod penetration into targets of finite thickness at normal impact.Int J Impact Eng 1995;16(3):419e33.
[17]Grace FI.Ballistic limit velocity for long rods ordnance velocity through hypervelocity impact.Int J Impact Eng 1999;23:295e306.
[18]Walker JD,Anderson Jr CE.A time-dependent model for long-rod penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1995;16(1):19e48.
[19]Wen HM,He Y,Lan B.Analytical model for cratering of semi-infinite metallic targets by long rod penetrators.Sci China Technol Sci 2010;53(12):3189e96.
[20]Wen HM,Sun WH.Transition of plugging failure modes for ductile metal plates under impact by flat-nosed projectiles.Mech Base Des Struct Mach2010;38(1):86e104.
[21]Chocron Jr S,A CE,Walker JD,et al.A unified model for long-rod penetration in multiple metallic plates.Int J Impact Eng 2003;28(4):391e411.
[22]Zhang Liansheng,Huang Fenglei.Model for long-rod penetration into semiinfinite targets.J Beijing Inst Technol(Soc Sci Ed)2004;13(3):285e9.
[23]Held M.Verification of the equation for radial crater growth by shaped charge jet penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1995;17(1e3):387e98.
[24]Held M,Huang NS,Jiang D,et al.Determination of the crater radius as a function of time of a shaped charge jet that penetrates water.Propellants,Explos Pyrotech 1996;21(2):64e9.
[25]Yarin AL,Roisman IV,Weber K,et al.Model for ballistic fragmentation and behind-armor debris.Int J Impact Eng 2000;24(2):171e201.
[26]Yossifon G,Yarin AL.Behind-the-armor debris analysis.Int J Impact Eng2002;27(8):807e35.
[27]Rosenberg Z,Dekel E.Terminal ballistics.Berlin:Springer;2012.p.109e53.
[28]Bai YL,Johnson W.Plugging:physical understanding and energy absorption.Met Technol 1982;9(1):182e90.
[29]Grady D.Fragmentation of rings and shells:the legacy of NF Mott.Springer Science&Business Media;2007.p.186.
[30]Xing Boyang,Liu Rongzhong,Zhang Dongjiang,et al.Modelling on the mass of behind-armor debris generated by armor steel plate subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section EFP[J/OL].Explos Shock Waves:1-12[2018-10-17].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1148.O3.20180719.1120.020.html.[in Chinese].
[2]Li Rui,Huang Zhengxiang,Zu Xudong,et al.Theoretical analysis on the spallation of EFP vertical penetration target[J/OL].Explos Shock Waves:1-9[2018-04-17]http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1148.O3.20171128.1936.056.html.[in Chinese].
[3]Zhang Xianfeng,Chen Huiwu,Zhao Youshou.Investigation of process and after effect of EFP penetration into target of finite thickness.Explos Shock Waves 2006;(04):323e7[in Chinese].
[4]Dalzell MW,Hazell PJ,Meulman JH.Modelling behind-armour debris formed by the perforation of an EFP through a steel target.In:20th International symposium on ballistics,Orlando,Florida;September,2002.p.23e7.
[5]Wang Xin,Jiang Jian wei,Wang Shu You,et al.Experimental research on fragments after explosively-formed projectile penetrating into steel target.Acta Armamentarii 2018;39(7):1284e90.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.07.005[in Chinese].
[6]Wang YY,Jiang Jianwei,Meng Jiayu,et al.Effect of add-on explosive reactive armor on EFP penetration.In:29th international symposium on ballistics,Edinburgh,Scotland,May 9-13;2016.p.2395e406.
[7]Wu J,Liu J,Du Y.Experimental and numerical study on the flight and penetration properties of explosively-formed projectile.Int J Impact Eng2007;34(7):1147e62.
[8]Li Gang.Technology research on the compact EFP warhead of terminal sensitive projectile.Nanjing University of Science and Technology;2013[in Chinese].
[9]Xing Boyang,Liu Rongzhong,Guo Rui,et al.Influence of the embedded structure on the EFP formation of compact terminal sensitive projectile.Defence Technol 2017;13(4):310e5.
[10]Alekseevskii VP.Penetration of a rod into a target at high velocity.Combust Explos Shock Waves 1966;2(2):63e6.
[11]Tate A.A theory for the deceleration of long rods after impact.J Mech Phys Solid 1967;15:387e99.
[12]Tate A.Further results in the theory of long rod penetration.J Mech Phys Solid1969;17(3):141e50.
[13]Tate A.Long rod penetration modelsd Part I.A flow field model for high speed long rod penetration.Int J Mech Sci 1986;28(8):535e48.
[14]Tate A.Long rod penetration modelsd Part II.Extensions to the hydrodynamic theory of penetration.Int J Mech Sci 1986;28(9):599e612.
[15]Rosenberg Z,Marmor E,Mayseless M.On the hydrodynamic theory of longrod penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1990;10(1e4):483e6.
[16]Grace FI.Long-rod penetration into targets of finite thickness at normal impact.Int J Impact Eng 1995;16(3):419e33.
[17]Grace FI.Ballistic limit velocity for long rods ordnance velocity through hypervelocity impact.Int J Impact Eng 1999;23:295e306.
[18]Walker JD,Anderson Jr CE.A time-dependent model for long-rod penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1995;16(1):19e48.
[19]Wen HM,He Y,Lan B.Analytical model for cratering of semi-infinite metallic targets by long rod penetrators.Sci China Technol Sci 2010;53(12):3189e96.
[20]Wen HM,Sun WH.Transition of plugging failure modes for ductile metal plates under impact by flat-nosed projectiles.Mech Base Des Struct Mach2010;38(1):86e104.
[21]Chocron Jr S,A CE,Walker JD,et al.A unified model for long-rod penetration in multiple metallic plates.Int J Impact Eng 2003;28(4):391e411.
[22]Zhang Liansheng,Huang Fenglei.Model for long-rod penetration into semiinfinite targets.J Beijing Inst Technol(Soc Sci Ed)2004;13(3):285e9.
[23]Held M.Verification of the equation for radial crater growth by shaped charge jet penetration.Int J Impact Eng 1995;17(1e3):387e98.
[24]Held M,Huang NS,Jiang D,et al.Determination of the crater radius as a function of time of a shaped charge jet that penetrates water.Propellants,Explos Pyrotech 1996;21(2):64e9.
[25]Yarin AL,Roisman IV,Weber K,et al.Model for ballistic fragmentation and behind-armor debris.Int J Impact Eng 2000;24(2):171e201.
[26]Yossifon G,Yarin AL.Behind-the-armor debris analysis.Int J Impact Eng2002;27(8):807e35.
[27]Rosenberg Z,Dekel E.Terminal ballistics.Berlin:Springer;2012.p.109e53.
[28]Bai YL,Johnson W.Plugging:physical understanding and energy absorption.Met Technol 1982;9(1):182e90.
[29]Grady D.Fragmentation of rings and shells:the legacy of NF Mott.Springer Science&Business Media;2007.p.186.
[30]Xing Boyang,Liu Rongzhong,Zhang Dongjiang,et al.Modelling on the mass of behind-armor debris generated by armor steel plate subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section EFP[J/OL].Explos Shock Waves:1-12[2018-10-17].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1148.O3.20180719.1120.020.html.[in Chinese].
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