分区延时技术在砖混结构楼房爆破中的应用
|
摘要
砖混结构楼房爆破拆除通常出现预拆除危险性高,爆破振动、塌落振动和空气冲击波危害范围大等现象。基于一栋8层砖混楼房爆破拆除工程,在合理设计爆破切口、爆破参数及科学预拆除的同时,提出了排间、列间和层间分区三向延时起爆网路,并对危害效应进行了安全校核和制定安全防护措施。实践表明:楼房主体呈定向倒塌,由于起爆网路的作用,使得楼房向先起爆一侧偏离10°～15°;楼房为逐跨倒塌,大大降低了塌落振动;整个倒塌过程因剪切、弯折、扭曲、牵扯和挤压等力的作用,使得楼房解体效果良好,且散落距离短。整栋楼通过三向起爆网路大大减小了同段药量,有效控制了爆破振动、空气冲击波和噪声等危害影响。经过精心设计和精细施工,爆破效果达到了预期目的。
The blasting demolition of brick-concrete structure buildings usually has the characteristics of high pre-demolition risk, and the damage range of blasting vibration, landing vibration and air shock wave is relatively large. Based on the blasting demolition project of an eight-storey brick-concrete building, a three-dimensional delayed detonation network of row, rank and interlayer zoning was designed by rational design of directional blasting gap, blasting parameters and scientific pre-demolition. Safety calculations and safety precautions are also taken for blasting hazards. The practice shows that the main body of the building is directional collapse. Due to the function of the detonation network, the building deviates from the first blast side by 10°-15°. The building collapsed section by section, greatly reducing the collapse vibration. Due to the shearing, bending, twisting, pulling and squeezing forces, the entire collapse process has a good disintegration effect and a short stacking distance. The whole building has greatly reduced the same amount of dose through the Sub-regional three-way blasting network, effectively controlling the harmful effects such as blasting vibration, air shock wave and noise. Through careful design and fine construction, the blasting effect has achieved the intended purpose.
The blasting demolition of brick-concrete structure buildings usually has the characteristics of high pre-demolition risk, and the damage range of blasting vibration, landing vibration and air shock wave is relatively large. Based on the blasting demolition project of an eight-storey brick-concrete building, a three-dimensional delayed detonation network of row, rank and interlayer zoning was designed by rational design of directional blasting gap, blasting parameters and scientific pre-demolition. Safety calculations and safety precautions are also taken for blasting hazards. The practice shows that the main body of the building is directional collapse. Due to the function of the detonation network, the building deviates from the first blast side by 10°-15°. The building collapsed section by section, greatly reducing the collapse vibration. Due to the shearing, bending, twisting, pulling and squeezing forces, the entire collapse process has a good disintegration effect and a short stacking distance. The whole building has greatly reduced the same amount of dose through the Sub-regional three-way blasting network, effectively controlling the harmful effects such as blasting vibration, air shock wave and noise. Through careful design and fine construction, the blasting effect has achieved the intended purpose.
引文
[1] 谢先启,贾永胜,罗启军,等.6层砖混结构楼房折叠爆破拆除[J].爆破,2009,26(1):72-74.XIE X Q,JIA Y S,LUO Q J,et al.Blasting demolition of 6-floor brick-concrete building by unidirectional folded collapse method[J].Blasting,2009,26 (1) :72-74.
[2] 熊海强,高育滨,周俊珍,等.大时差双倒向爆破拆除七层空心砖混结构楼[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):42-45.XIONG H Q,GAO Y B,ZHOU J Z,et al.Demolition of a seven-storeyed building with hollow-brick and concrete structure by long delay interval blasting and two-directional collapsing[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(3):42-45.
[3] 温良全,文家贵.多栋异型砖混结构楼房的爆破拆除[J].爆破,2006,33(3):56-58.WEN L Q,WEN J G.The blasting demolition for several irregular brick concrete structure building[J].Blasting,2006,33(3):56-58.
[4] 温良全,文家贵.倒塌范围受限时的控制爆破拆除经验[J].工程爆破,2006,12(3):74-75,86.WEN L Q,WEN J G.Experience of controlled blasting demolition in restricted area[J].Engineering Blasting,2006,12(3):74-75,86.
[5] 高文乐,毕卫国,孙文进,等.多向倒塌技术爆破拆除复杂结构楼房[J].爆破,2009,26(3):69-72.GAO W L,BI W G,SUN W J,et al.Application of multi-direction collapse in explosive demolition of complex special-shaped structure[J].Blasting,2009,26(3):69-72.
[6] 谢先启,王洪刚,刘昌邦,等.2栋混合结构楼房纵向延时定向倾倒爆破拆除[J].爆破,2011,28(2):87-89,108.XIE X Q,WANG H G,LIU C B,et al.Demolition of two brick-concrete buildings by longitudinal delay and directional blasting[J].Blasting,2011,28(2):87-89,108.
[7] 谢先启,贾永胜,韩传伟,等.异形结构楼房纵向延时定向倾倒爆破技术[J].工程爆破,2010,16(4):58-60.XIE X Q,JIA Y S,HAN C W,et al.Longitudinal delay and directional collapse blasting technique for special-shaped building[J].Engineering Blasting,2010,16(4):58-60.
[8] 刘昌邦,王洪刚,贾永胜,等.8层砖混结构楼房的逐段坍塌爆破拆除[J].爆破,2011,28(4):66-68.LIU C B,WANG H G,JIA Y S,et al.Explosive demolition of 8 floor brick-concrete building by span-by-span collapse[J].Blasting,2011,28(4):66-68.
[9] 罗福友,周浩仓,陶明,等.分块斜线起爆网路在楼房爆破拆除中的应用[J].工程爆破,2018,24(3):32-38.LUO F Y,ZHOU H C,TAO M,et al.Application of block oblique line method of initiation in blasting demolition of a building[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(3):32-38.
[10] 罗福友,周浩仓,陶明,等.高配筋立柱楼房定向爆破拆除技术[J].工程爆破,2018,24(1):43-49,62.LUO F Y,ZHOU H C,TAO M,et al.Directional demolition blasting technique for a building with high ratio of rebars in pillars[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(1):43-49,62.
[11] 王江平,王仕文.5层砖混结构楼房的爆破拆除和效果分析[J].爆破,2011,28(4):73-76.WANG J P,WANG S W.Explosive demolition of 5-storeys brick-concrete structure building and result analysis[J].Blasting,2011,28(4):73-76.
[12] 徐鹏飞,张英才,贾海鹏,等.复杂环境下15层框架楼房控制爆破拆除[J].工程爆破,2015,21(5):32-36.XU P F,ZHANG Y C,JIA H P,et al.Controlled blasting demolition of a 15-storeys frame building in complicated environment[J].Engineering Blasting,2015,21(5):32-36.
[13] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工复习指南[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:229-243.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction review guide[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2015:229-243.
[14] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:691-692.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2015:691-692.
[2] 熊海强,高育滨,周俊珍,等.大时差双倒向爆破拆除七层空心砖混结构楼[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):42-45.XIONG H Q,GAO Y B,ZHOU J Z,et al.Demolition of a seven-storeyed building with hollow-brick and concrete structure by long delay interval blasting and two-directional collapsing[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(3):42-45.
[3] 温良全,文家贵.多栋异型砖混结构楼房的爆破拆除[J].爆破,2006,33(3):56-58.WEN L Q,WEN J G.The blasting demolition for several irregular brick concrete structure building[J].Blasting,2006,33(3):56-58.
[4] 温良全,文家贵.倒塌范围受限时的控制爆破拆除经验[J].工程爆破,2006,12(3):74-75,86.WEN L Q,WEN J G.Experience of controlled blasting demolition in restricted area[J].Engineering Blasting,2006,12(3):74-75,86.
[5] 高文乐,毕卫国,孙文进,等.多向倒塌技术爆破拆除复杂结构楼房[J].爆破,2009,26(3):69-72.GAO W L,BI W G,SUN W J,et al.Application of multi-direction collapse in explosive demolition of complex special-shaped structure[J].Blasting,2009,26(3):69-72.
[6] 谢先启,王洪刚,刘昌邦,等.2栋混合结构楼房纵向延时定向倾倒爆破拆除[J].爆破,2011,28(2):87-89,108.XIE X Q,WANG H G,LIU C B,et al.Demolition of two brick-concrete buildings by longitudinal delay and directional blasting[J].Blasting,2011,28(2):87-89,108.
[7] 谢先启,贾永胜,韩传伟,等.异形结构楼房纵向延时定向倾倒爆破技术[J].工程爆破,2010,16(4):58-60.XIE X Q,JIA Y S,HAN C W,et al.Longitudinal delay and directional collapse blasting technique for special-shaped building[J].Engineering Blasting,2010,16(4):58-60.
[8] 刘昌邦,王洪刚,贾永胜,等.8层砖混结构楼房的逐段坍塌爆破拆除[J].爆破,2011,28(4):66-68.LIU C B,WANG H G,JIA Y S,et al.Explosive demolition of 8 floor brick-concrete building by span-by-span collapse[J].Blasting,2011,28(4):66-68.
[9] 罗福友,周浩仓,陶明,等.分块斜线起爆网路在楼房爆破拆除中的应用[J].工程爆破,2018,24(3):32-38.LUO F Y,ZHOU H C,TAO M,et al.Application of block oblique line method of initiation in blasting demolition of a building[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(3):32-38.
[10] 罗福友,周浩仓,陶明,等.高配筋立柱楼房定向爆破拆除技术[J].工程爆破,2018,24(1):43-49,62.LUO F Y,ZHOU H C,TAO M,et al.Directional demolition blasting technique for a building with high ratio of rebars in pillars[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(1):43-49,62.
[11] 王江平,王仕文.5层砖混结构楼房的爆破拆除和效果分析[J].爆破,2011,28(4):73-76.WANG J P,WANG S W.Explosive demolition of 5-storeys brick-concrete structure building and result analysis[J].Blasting,2011,28(4):73-76.
[12] 徐鹏飞,张英才,贾海鹏,等.复杂环境下15层框架楼房控制爆破拆除[J].工程爆破,2015,21(5):32-36.XU P F,ZHANG Y C,JIA H P,et al.Controlled blasting demolition of a 15-storeys frame building in complicated environment[J].Engineering Blasting,2015,21(5):32-36.
[13] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工复习指南[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:229-243.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction review guide[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2015:229-243.
[14] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:691-692.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2015:691-692.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |