松嫩平原林缘草地羽茅无性系构件结构与生长分析
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摘要
以分蘖丛为单位,在生长季末期,采取大样本(n=30)随机取样的测定方法,定量分析了松嫩平原人工林缘草地的羽茅无性系构件结构及其数量特征之间的变化规律,为丛生型无性系植物生长策略的深入研究提供了科学积累。结果表明,在分株总数[(34.0±11.05)分株]中营养株占优势(83.3%)并显著高于生殖株(16.7%);在分株总生物量[(21.51±10.28) g]中生殖株占优势(66.9%)并显著高于营养株(33.1%)。羽茅无性系构件数量性状均存在较大变异。其中,变异系数最大的为生殖株分蘖节芽数达76.4%,最小为丛径27.6%;单株生产力生殖株是营养株的9.6倍,单株营养繁殖力营养株显著高于生殖株。羽茅无性系构件组分数量及其生物量均随着丛径的增加呈极显著的(P<0.01)幂函数异速生长,具有内、外部空间兼顾的补充和拓展策略。
Clusters of Achnatherum sibiricum clones(n=30) were randomly sampled from artificial grassland in forest margin sites on the Songnen Plain. Structures of the modules were analyzed and their characteristics quantified. In this way, scientific insight for the further study of the clonal plant growth strategy was obtained. It was found that there were on average(34.0±11.05) tillers per cluster, with significantly more vegetative tillers(83.3%) than reproductive tillers(16.7%). However, reproductive tillers were 9.6 times heavier than vegetative tillers and therefore the reproductive tillers were the dominant component(66.9%) of total biomass, which was(21.51±10.28) g·cluster~(-1). Additionally, quantitative characteristics of the modules were highly variable. The trait with the largest coefficient of variation(76.4%) was the bud number on the reproductive tiller nodes, while the trait with the lowest coefficient of variation(27.6%) was cluster size. The vegetative reproductive capacity per vegetative tiller was significantly higher than that of reproductive tillers. Thus, a very significant(P<0.01) power allometry growth relationship was observed in A. sibiricum between cluster size, and module number and biomass, indicating a complementary and expansive strategy both within the cluster and with respect to its spatial expansion.
Clusters of Achnatherum sibiricum clones(n=30) were randomly sampled from artificial grassland in forest margin sites on the Songnen Plain. Structures of the modules were analyzed and their characteristics quantified. In this way, scientific insight for the further study of the clonal plant growth strategy was obtained. It was found that there were on average(34.0±11.05) tillers per cluster, with significantly more vegetative tillers(83.3%) than reproductive tillers(16.7%). However, reproductive tillers were 9.6 times heavier than vegetative tillers and therefore the reproductive tillers were the dominant component(66.9%) of total biomass, which was(21.51±10.28) g·cluster~(-1). Additionally, quantitative characteristics of the modules were highly variable. The trait with the largest coefficient of variation(76.4%) was the bud number on the reproductive tiller nodes, while the trait with the lowest coefficient of variation(27.6%) was cluster size. The vegetative reproductive capacity per vegetative tiller was significantly higher than that of reproductive tillers. Thus, a very significant(P<0.01) power allometry growth relationship was observed in A. sibiricum between cluster size, and module number and biomass, indicating a complementary and expansive strategy both within the cluster and with respect to its spatial expansion.
引文
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[15] Sun J,Yang Y F.Quantitative analysis of prolonged reproductive growth of the tillers of Puccinellia chinampoensis population in alkalized meadow in the Songnen Plains of China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(2):500-507.孙菊,杨允菲.松嫩平原碱化草甸朝鲜碱茅种群生殖分蘖株的生长规律.生态学报,2008,28(2):500-507.
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[18] Yang Y F,Zhang B T.Module structure and growth pattern of Stipa baicalansis clone in Songnen Plain of China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(12):2311-2315.杨允菲,张宝田.松嫩平原贝加尔针茅无性系构件的结构及生长规律.应用生态学报,2005,16(12):2311-2315.
[19] Tian X,Li H Y,Yang Y F.Module growth and biomass allocation of Chloris virgate clone at different growth stages in Songnen Plain of China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(3):805-810.田雪,李海燕,杨允菲.松嫩平原不同生育期虎尾草无性系构件生长与生物量分配.应用生态学报,2018,29(3):805-810.
[20] Mc Graw J B,Garbutt K.Demographic growth analysis.Ecology,1990,71(3):1199-2004.
[21] Zhang J,Zhou C,Yang Y F.Growth of clonal modules on Agropyron michnoi in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China.International Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,84(2):417-422.
[22] Chen S Y,Zhang J L,Jia P,et al.Effects of size variation and spatial structure on plastic response of plant height to light competition.Ecology,2010,55(12):1135-1141.
[23] Wang G,Yuan J L,Wang X Z,et al.Competitive regulation of plant allometry and a generalized model for the plant self-thinning process.Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,2004,66(6):1875-1885.
[24] Song J Z,Yang Y F.Structure and growth analysis on dormancy modules of Puccinellia chinampoensis clone in the alkalized meadow in the Songnen Plains of China.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,25(7):743-746.宋金枝,杨允菲.松嫩平原碱化草甸朝鲜碱茅无性系冬眠构件的结构及生长分析.生态学杂志,2006,25(7):743-746.
[25] Zhang C Y,Zhang C Y,Chen Y J,et al.Structure and growth analysis of Puccinellia tenuiflora clone at the vegetative stage after fruiting in the Songnen Plains of China.Pratacultural Science,2012,29(6):978-982.张春艳,张春雨,陈玉交,等.松嫩平原星星草果后营养期无性系结构及其生长分析.草业科学,2012,29(6):978-982.
[2] Maillette L.Seasonal model of modular growth in plants.Ecology,1992,80:123-180.
[3] Liu Q,Zhong Z C.Advances in ecological research of clonal plant population and some related concepts.Chinese Journal of Ecology,1995,4(3):40-45.刘庆,钟章成.无性系植物种群生态学研究进展及有关概念.生态学杂志,1995,4(3):40-45.
[4] Han Z M,Han M,Wu J S,et al.Modules biomass structure and growth pattern of Acanthopanax senticosus population in different habitats.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2006,17(7):1164-1168.韩忠明,韩梅,吴劲松,等.不同生境下刺五加种群构件生物量结构与生长规律.应用生态学报,2006,17(7):1164-1168.
[5] Guo L H,Yang Y F,Zhang B T.Vegetative propagative ability and growth regulation of Hierochloe glabra experimental clones on the Songnen Plain of China.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2004,13(4):57-61.郭力华,杨允菲,张宝田.松嫩平原光稃茅香实验无性系的营养繁殖及生长规律.草业学报,2004,13(4):57-61.
[6] Zhang J J,Yang Y F,Chen Y Q.Phenotype plasticity of modules and analysis of reproductive ramets in Scirpus planiculmis population in the Songnen Plain of China.Pratacultural Science,2011,28(11):1957-1961.张经经,杨允菲,陈永强.松嫩平原扁秆藨草种群生殖株构件表型可塑性及生长分析.草业科学,2011,28(11):1957-1961.
[7] Yang Y F,Zhang B T,Li J D.Structure and development regulation on dormancy modules of Hordeum brevisubulatum clone on cultivated condition in the Songnen Plains of China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(2):268-273.杨允菲,张宝田,李建东.松嫩平原人工草地野大麦无性系冬眠构件的结构及形成规律.生态学报,2004,24(2):268-273.
[8] Li J D.Studies on the biological characteristics and production performance of Achnatherum sibiricum.Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,1990,(1):20-22.李俊德.羽茅生物学特性及生产性能的研究.内蒙古畜牧科学,1990,(1):20-22.
[9] Wu Z L,Lu S L.On geographical distribution of Achnatherum Beauv.Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1995,34(2):152-161.吴珍兰,卢生莲.论世界芨芨草属(禾本科)的地理分布.植物分类学报,1995,34(2):152-161.
[10] Chen N,Yang Y,Li C J,et al.Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in Achnatherum sibiricum (Poaceae).Conservation Genetics,2008,9(6):1699-1701.
[11] Jia T,Ren A Z,Gao Y B.Host genotype overrides endophyte infection effects on growth,physiology,and nutrient content of a native grass,Achnatherum sibiricum.Plant Ecology,2014,215(8):875-887.
[12] Zhou Y,Li X,Qin J H,et al.Effects of simultaneous infections of endophytic fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of their shared host grass Achnatherum sibiricum under varying N and P supply.Fungal Ecology,2016,20:56-65.
[13] Zhang C H,Yang Y F.Analysis of quantitative characters on reproductive tillers in Hierochloe glabra population in the Songnen Plain China.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2001,10(3):1-7.张春华,杨允菲.松嫩平原光稃茅香种群生殖分蘖株数量特征分析.草业学报,2001,10(3):1-7.
[14] Yang Y F,Zhang B T,Li J D.The regulation of growth and biomass allocation on clonal ramets of Artemisia mongolica population on the Songnen Plain in China.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2003,12(1):11-17.杨允菲,张宝田,李建东.松嫩平原蒙古蒿种群无性系分株的生长与生物量分配关系.草业学报,2003,12(1):11-17.
[15] Sun J,Yang Y F.Quantitative analysis of prolonged reproductive growth of the tillers of Puccinellia chinampoensis population in alkalized meadow in the Songnen Plains of China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(2):500-507.孙菊,杨允菲.松嫩平原碱化草甸朝鲜碱茅种群生殖分蘖株的生长规律.生态学报,2008,28(2):500-507.
[16] Li C X,Jiang L N,Shao Y.Biostatistics (5nd Edition).Beijing:Science Press,2013.李春喜,姜丽娜,邵云.生物统计学(第五版).北京:科学出版社,2013.
[17] Pan R Z.Plant Physiology(4nd Edition).Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001.潘瑞炽.植物生理学(第4版).北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[18] Yang Y F,Zhang B T.Module structure and growth pattern of Stipa baicalansis clone in Songnen Plain of China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(12):2311-2315.杨允菲,张宝田.松嫩平原贝加尔针茅无性系构件的结构及生长规律.应用生态学报,2005,16(12):2311-2315.
[19] Tian X,Li H Y,Yang Y F.Module growth and biomass allocation of Chloris virgate clone at different growth stages in Songnen Plain of China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(3):805-810.田雪,李海燕,杨允菲.松嫩平原不同生育期虎尾草无性系构件生长与生物量分配.应用生态学报,2018,29(3):805-810.
[20] Mc Graw J B,Garbutt K.Demographic growth analysis.Ecology,1990,71(3):1199-2004.
[21] Zhang J,Zhou C,Yang Y F.Growth of clonal modules on Agropyron michnoi in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China.International Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,84(2):417-422.
[22] Chen S Y,Zhang J L,Jia P,et al.Effects of size variation and spatial structure on plastic response of plant height to light competition.Ecology,2010,55(12):1135-1141.
[23] Wang G,Yuan J L,Wang X Z,et al.Competitive regulation of plant allometry and a generalized model for the plant self-thinning process.Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,2004,66(6):1875-1885.
[24] Song J Z,Yang Y F.Structure and growth analysis on dormancy modules of Puccinellia chinampoensis clone in the alkalized meadow in the Songnen Plains of China.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,25(7):743-746.宋金枝,杨允菲.松嫩平原碱化草甸朝鲜碱茅无性系冬眠构件的结构及生长分析.生态学杂志,2006,25(7):743-746.
[25] Zhang C Y,Zhang C Y,Chen Y J,et al.Structure and growth analysis of Puccinellia tenuiflora clone at the vegetative stage after fruiting in the Songnen Plains of China.Pratacultural Science,2012,29(6):978-982.张春艳,张春雨,陈玉交,等.松嫩平原星星草果后营养期无性系结构及其生长分析.草业科学,2012,29(6):978-982.
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