日本竞技体操的发展历程、经验及启示

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英文篇名：Evolution,Experience and Enlightenment of Japan Artistic Gymnastics 作者：彭召方 ; 李佐惠 ; 国伟 ; 袁玲 英文作者：PENG Zhaofang;LI ZuoHui;GUO Wei;YUAN Ling;Department of Sport and Health, Guizhou Medical University;School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University;Majestic International College,Foshan; 关键词：日本竞技体操 ; 竞技实力 ; 发展历程 ; 经验与启示 ; 后备人才培养 英文关键词：japan artistic gymnastics;;competitive strength;;progress;;experience and enlightenment;;reserve talents training 中文刊名：BTSF 英文刊名：Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports 机构：贵州医科大学运动与健康学院;华南师范大学体育科学学院;佛山市美伦国际学校; 出版日期：2019-07-15 出版单位：首都体育学院学报 年：2019 期：v.31 基金：国家体育总局项目(CMA2015-B-A09) 语种：中文; 页：BTSF201904013 页数：7 CN：04 ISSN：11-4513/G 分类号：71-76+81

摘要

采用文献研究法、专家访谈法等,对日本竞技体操的发展历程及夺冠经验进行梳理和分析,为中国竞技体操后备人才培养和体操项目可持续发展提供理论参考。认为:1)日本竞技体操的发展大致经历了引进与初步发展时期、崛起与鼎盛时期、衰退时期、恢复与强盛时期4个历史阶段。2)日本竞技体操夺冠经验主要包括:注重技术动作创新、重视精英运动员培养、运动员选材重视家庭竞技体育背景、重视提升竞技体操的国际话语权、完善了体操竞赛体系和体操运动员选拔机制、形成了竞技体操后备人才培养的社会管理模式、充足的体操教练资源、以动漫作品培养和教育竞技体操后备人才。3)启示:应提升大众对体操运动的价值与功能的认识;加大对竞技体操技术动作的创新;提升中国在竞技体操国际赛事中的话语权;转变竞技体操后备人才的培养方式;加强对退役优秀体操运动员的转型就业引导;将家庭竞技体育背景列入体操运动员选材依据。
        Using the methods such as literature review, mathematical statistics and expert interviews, this paper explores the evolution of Japan artistic gymnastics and the experience of competitive strength, takes the essence and provides the reference for the development of gymnastics in China in the new period.Conclusions: 1) Japan artistic gymnastics has undergone four historical periods, introduction and initial development period, rise and the peak period, declining period, and recovery and the prosperity period; 2)The experience of competitive strength keeps strengthening of Japan artistic gymnastics in the new period,including: paying attention to the innovation of gymnastics techniques, emphasizing the cultivation of leading figures, giving full play to the genetic effect of excellent athletes, attaching great importance to promoting the international artistic gymnastics voice, forming gymnastics competition system and athletes selection mechanism, forming the social management mode of training reserve talents of competitive gymnastics and adequate coach resources, and training and educating reserve talents of competitive gymnastics with animation works. 3)Main enlightenments include: raising the understanding of the value and function of gymnastics of the public, increasing the innovation of gymnastic techniques, enhancing China's voice in the international competitions of competitive gymnastics, transforming the training mode of reserve talents of competitive gymnastics, strengthening the guidance of employment transformation for retired elite gymnasts, and giving full play to the top athletes quality gene.

引文

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