基于高精度沉积厚度检测方法的通风除尘管道粉尘沉积规律
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摘要
为了对有爆炸危险存在的工矿场所的沉积粉尘厚度进行实时在线监测,同时调研发现针对工矿场所的通风除尘管道沉积粉尘厚度检测国内外尚属空白的现状。首先提出了一种高精度的沉积粉尘厚度实时在线检测方法,其核心是将粉尘的沉积质量检测转化为沉积厚度检测,并通过理论研究推导出粉尘沉积质量-粉尘沉积厚度的数学关系式,据此进行信号处理设计完成了该种检测方法。再完成了实验管道选择、粉尘粒径筛选、实验环境条件准备以及由定量发尘器、静电除尘器、压气泵、除尘风硐、风速测定仪、电脑控制台和变频风机等组成的实验系统。基于此实验系统与实验准备,首先实验验证了粉尘沉积质量-粉尘沉积厚度数学关系式的正确性,同时进行了误差实验,验证了该种检测方法的分辨率达到0. 01 mm,精度达到0. 07 mm,证明了该方法对沉积粉尘厚度的检测效果。然后,对除尘管道内粉尘颗粒物的受力情况进行了理论分析和研究,发现随着粉尘颗粒的粒径增大,颗粒所受的重力、拖拽力、Basset力和Saffman力作用逐渐明显。最后,基于此颗粒受力分析理论和实验系统,利用该种检测方法对通风除尘管道内的粉尘在不同风速和不同粒径下的沉积规律进行了研究,表明:随着除尘风速和颗粒粒径的增大,粉尘沉积率呈指数型降低和升高。文末,对管道内粉尘颗粒的沉积行为进行了原因分析,并给出了对现场除尘风速的设计建议。
In order to carry out a real-time on-line monitoring of the deposition dust thickness of industrial and mining sites with explosion hazard,the investigation found that the detection of dust thickness in the ventilation and dust removal pipelines of industrial and mining sites is still not available at home and abroad.In this paper,a high-precision real-time on-line detection method for detecting deposition dust thickness is proposed.The core of the method is to convert the deposition quality detection of dust into sediment thickness detection,and theoretically study the mathematical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness.According to this,the signal processing design completes the detection method.The experimental pipeline selection,dust particle size screening,experimental environmental conditions preparation,and experimental system consisting of a quantitative dust collector,an electrostatic precipitator,a gas pump,a dust removal wind,an anemometer,a computer console,and a variable frequency fan were completed.Based on the experimental system and experimental preparation,the experimental results verify the correctness of the mathematical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness.At the same time,the error experiment is carried out to verify that the resolution of the detection method reaches 0.01 mm and the precision reaches 0.07 mm.The detection effect of the method on the thickness of deposited dust is proved.Then,the theoretical analysis and research on the force of dust particles in the dust removal pipeline are carried out.It is found that with the increase of the particle size of the dust particles,the gravity,drag force,Basset force and Saffman force of the particles are gradually obvious. Finally,based on the theory and experimental system of particle force analysis,this method is used to study the deposition law of dust in the ventilation dust removal pipeline at different wind speeds and different particle sizes,which shows that with the dust removal wind speed and particle size,the increase in dust deposition rate decreases exponentially and increases.Also,the causes of the deposition of dust particles in the pipeline are analyzed,and the design suggestions for the dust removal velocity on the site are given.
In order to carry out a real-time on-line monitoring of the deposition dust thickness of industrial and mining sites with explosion hazard,the investigation found that the detection of dust thickness in the ventilation and dust removal pipelines of industrial and mining sites is still not available at home and abroad.In this paper,a high-precision real-time on-line detection method for detecting deposition dust thickness is proposed.The core of the method is to convert the deposition quality detection of dust into sediment thickness detection,and theoretically study the mathematical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness.According to this,the signal processing design completes the detection method.The experimental pipeline selection,dust particle size screening,experimental environmental conditions preparation,and experimental system consisting of a quantitative dust collector,an electrostatic precipitator,a gas pump,a dust removal wind,an anemometer,a computer console,and a variable frequency fan were completed.Based on the experimental system and experimental preparation,the experimental results verify the correctness of the mathematical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness.At the same time,the error experiment is carried out to verify that the resolution of the detection method reaches 0.01 mm and the precision reaches 0.07 mm.The detection effect of the method on the thickness of deposited dust is proved.Then,the theoretical analysis and research on the force of dust particles in the dust removal pipeline are carried out.It is found that with the increase of the particle size of the dust particles,the gravity,drag force,Basset force and Saffman force of the particles are gradually obvious. Finally,based on the theory and experimental system of particle force analysis,this method is used to study the deposition law of dust in the ventilation dust removal pipeline at different wind speeds and different particle sizes,which shows that with the dust removal wind speed and particle size,the increase in dust deposition rate decreases exponentially and increases.Also,the causes of the deposition of dust particles in the pipeline are analyzed,and the design suggestions for the dust removal velocity on the site are given.
引文
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[13] JUN Wang,EDWARD K Levy. Particle motions and distributions in turbulent boundary layer of air-particle flow past a vertical flat plate[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2003,27(8):123-131.
[14]杨豪.高浓度粉尘在除尘输送管路内的流动规律与沉积特性[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.YANG Hao.Flow law and sedimentation characteristics of high concentration dust in dust removal pipeline[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2016.
[15]张杰.气溶胶微粒在空调风系统内沉降的特性研究[D].衡阳:南华大学,2008:32-39.ZHANG Jie. Characteristics of aerosol particle sedimentation in air conditioning wind system[D]. Hengyang:Nanhua University,2008:32-39.
[16] ALVIN C K Lai,MIRIAM A Byrne,ANTHONY J H Goddard.Aerosol deposition in turbulent channel flow on a regular array of three-dimensional roughness elements[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science,2001,32(1):78-86.
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[18]岑可法.工程气固多相流动的理论及计算[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1990.
[2]胡大山.粉尘在通风除尘管道内沉积行为的研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2008.HU Dashan. Study on deposition behavior of dust in ventilation and dust removal pipeline[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2008.
[3] PETER Wypych,DAVE Cook,PAUL Cooper.Controlling dust emissions and explosion hazards in powder handling plants[J].Chemical Engineering&Processing:Process Intensification,2004,44(2):82-89.
[4] AQ 4273-2016,粉尘爆炸危险场所用除尘系统安全技术规范[S].
[5] LAIN S,SOMMERFELD M. Euler/lagrange computations of pneumatic conveying in a horizontal channel with different wall roughness[J].Powder Technology,2008,184(1):76-88.
[6] MENGUTURK M,SVERDRUP E F.Theory for fine particle deposition in two-dimensional boundary layer flows and application to gas turbines[J].J.Eng.Power,1982,104(1):69-76.
[7] BIN Zhao,JUN Wu.Modeling particle deposition onto rough walls in ventilation duct[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2006,40(36):85-91.
[8]张灿凤,袁树杰.通风管道弯头段粉尘运移规律数值模拟研究[J].中国科技信息,2013,21(7):38-39.ZHANG Canfeng,YUAN Shujie.Numerical simulation of dust movement law in elbow section of ventilation pipeline[J].Chinese Science and Technology Information,2013,21(7):38-39.
[9]张金萍,李安桂.方形通风管道中粒子沉积的拉格朗日模拟[J].暖通空调,2006,35(6):10-17.ZHANG Jinping,LI Angui. Lagrangian simulation of particle deposition in square ventilation pipes[J]. Journal Heating Ventilating and Airconditioning,2006,35(6):10-17.
[10]刘茂旭,何怡刚,邓芳明,等.融合RFID的无线湿度传感器节点设计研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2015,29(8):1171-1178.LIU Maoxu,HE Yigang,DENG Fangming,et al.Study on the design of wireless humidity sensor node based on RFID[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2015,29(8):1171-1178.
[11] HOWARD Johnson,MARTIN Graham.高速数字设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:35-39.
[12]张言.基于FPGA的多通道高精度AD采样系统设计[J].常州信息职业技术学院学报,2017,16(3):20-23.ZHANG Yan.Design of multi-channel high precision AD sampling system based on FPGA[J]. Journal of Changzhou Vocational College of Information Technology,2017,16(3):20-23.
[13] JUN Wang,EDWARD K Levy. Particle motions and distributions in turbulent boundary layer of air-particle flow past a vertical flat plate[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2003,27(8):123-131.
[14]杨豪.高浓度粉尘在除尘输送管路内的流动规律与沉积特性[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.YANG Hao.Flow law and sedimentation characteristics of high concentration dust in dust removal pipeline[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2016.
[15]张杰.气溶胶微粒在空调风系统内沉降的特性研究[D].衡阳:南华大学,2008:32-39.ZHANG Jie. Characteristics of aerosol particle sedimentation in air conditioning wind system[D]. Hengyang:Nanhua University,2008:32-39.
[16] ALVIN C K Lai,MIRIAM A Byrne,ANTHONY J H Goddard.Aerosol deposition in turbulent channel flow on a regular array of three-dimensional roughness elements[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science,2001,32(1):78-86.
[17] WILLIAM Yang,BENNY Kuan. Experimental investigation of dilute turbulent particulate flow inside a curved 90°bend[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2006,61(11):65-72.
[18]岑可法.工程气固多相流动的理论及计算[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1990.
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