雅布赖盆地萨尔台凹陷古地温场与油气成藏期次
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摘要
为了探明雅布赖盆地萨尔台凹陷中侏罗统烃源岩经历的古地温环境及其与油气成藏的关系,利用镜质体反射率(Ro)、磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)、流体包裹体等古温标揭示古地温大小,并建立烃源岩热演化史模型,在此基础上结合流体包裹体均一温度进行油气成藏期次判定。研究区现今为低温传导型地温场,地温梯度为2.76℃/100m。不同次级构造单元古地温场特征不同:盐场次凹、小湖子次凹为传导型古地温场,古地温梯度为2.8~3.4℃/100m,古地温约81.2℃~128.1℃;黑沙低凸起带受凸起聚热或热异常作用的影响,古地温梯度明显高于沉积凹陷区域,达到4.0~4.8℃/100m,古地温约103.2℃~140.2℃。中侏罗统古地温高于现今地层温度,有机质成熟演化主要受古地温场的控制。热史模拟和油气成藏期次分析表明,萨尔台凹陷不同次级构造单元油气充注过程稍有差异,但对整个萨尔台凹陷中侏罗统储层来讲主要存在两期油气充注过程,分别发生在晚侏罗世早期(145.0~152.0 Ma)和早白垩世(100.0~134.0 Ma),与达到古地温峰值的时间大致相当,体现出古地温场演化在油气成藏过程中的重要性。
In order to find out the relations between paleogeothermal field and hydrocarbon accumulation,vitrinite reflectance( Ro),apatite fission track( AFT) and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions were discussed for revealing the paleotemperature. Hydrocarbon accumulation period was judged by the results of homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions based on the thermal history simulation. In the study area,the temperature of current-geothermal field is low and conductive with the geothermal gradient of 2.76 ℃ / 100 m. The paleogeothermal field of each secondary tectonic unit in Sartai depression was different: The paleogeothermal field of Yanchang and Xiaohuzi sub-sag was conductive with the paleo-geothermal gradient of 2. 8 ~ 3. 4 ℃ / 100 m and the paleotemperature was 81. 2℃ ~128.1℃; The paleotemperature and paleo-geothermal gradient in Heisha Low Uplift were 103.2℃ ~ 140.2℃ and 4.2 ~4.8 ℃ / 100 m,much higher than that in sedimentary depression because of the thermal polymerization and thermal anomaly of the low uplift. The Evolution of maturity was mainly controlled by paleogeothermal field,because the paleotemperature of Middle Jurassic was higher than the present. The analysis of thermal history simulation and hydrocarbon accumulation period show that the hydrocarbon filling process of the three second tectonic units are different. However,for the whole Middle Jurassic reservoir in Sartai depression,there were two times of hydrocarbon filling process happened at early stage of Late Jurassic( 145.0 ~ 152.0 Ma) and Early Cretaceous( 100.0 ~ 134.0 Ma) about the same time of peak paleogeothermal which reflected the importance of geothermal evolution in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation.
In order to find out the relations between paleogeothermal field and hydrocarbon accumulation,vitrinite reflectance( Ro),apatite fission track( AFT) and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions were discussed for revealing the paleotemperature. Hydrocarbon accumulation period was judged by the results of homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions based on the thermal history simulation. In the study area,the temperature of current-geothermal field is low and conductive with the geothermal gradient of 2.76 ℃ / 100 m. The paleogeothermal field of each secondary tectonic unit in Sartai depression was different: The paleogeothermal field of Yanchang and Xiaohuzi sub-sag was conductive with the paleo-geothermal gradient of 2. 8 ~ 3. 4 ℃ / 100 m and the paleotemperature was 81. 2℃ ~128.1℃; The paleotemperature and paleo-geothermal gradient in Heisha Low Uplift were 103.2℃ ~ 140.2℃ and 4.2 ~4.8 ℃ / 100 m,much higher than that in sedimentary depression because of the thermal polymerization and thermal anomaly of the low uplift. The Evolution of maturity was mainly controlled by paleogeothermal field,because the paleotemperature of Middle Jurassic was higher than the present. The analysis of thermal history simulation and hydrocarbon accumulation period show that the hydrocarbon filling process of the three second tectonic units are different. However,for the whole Middle Jurassic reservoir in Sartai depression,there were two times of hydrocarbon filling process happened at early stage of Late Jurassic( 145.0 ~ 152.0 Ma) and Early Cretaceous( 100.0 ~ 134.0 Ma) about the same time of peak paleogeothermal which reflected the importance of geothermal evolution in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation.
引文
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2 任战利,刘池阳,张小会,等.酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):619-623.[Ren Zhanli,Liu Chiyang,Zhang Xiaohui,et al.Research on the relations between geothermal history and oil-gas generation in Jiudong Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):619-623.]
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5 崔军平,任战利,陈玉林.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷热演化史与油气关系研究[J].沉积学报,2011,29(2):388-394.[Cui Junping,Ren Zhanli,Chen Yulin.Study on the relations between geothermal history and oil-gas generation in Beier depression of Hailaer Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(2):388-394.]
6 任战利,李文厚,梁宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组致密油成藏条件及主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):190-198.[Ren Zhanli,Li Wenhou,Liang Yu,et al.Tight oil reservoir formation conditions and main controlling factors of Yanchang Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(2):190-198.]
7 赵靖舟.油气成藏年代学研究进展及发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(3):378-383.[Zhao Jingzhou.Geochronology of petroleum accumulation:New advances and the future trend[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(3):378-383.]
8 冯乔,柳益群,张小莉,等.叠合盆地的热演化史与油气生成——以吐鲁番—哈密盆地南部构造带为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25 (3):268-273.[Feng Qiao,Liu Yiqun,Zhang Xiaoli,et al.Thermal evolution history and hydrocarbon generation in superimposed basin:Taking the southern structural zone in Turpan-Hami Basin,Xinjiang,as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(3):268-273.]
9 吴茂炳,刘春燕,郑孟林,等.内蒙古西部雅布赖盆地侏罗系沉积—构造演化及油气勘探方向[J].地质通报,2007,26(7):857-863.[Wu Maobing,Liu Chunyan,Zheng Menglin,et al.Jurassic depositional-tectonic evolution in the Yabulai Basin,western Inner Mongolia,China and direction of petroleum exploration[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(7):857-863.]
10 赵宏波.雅布赖盆地中生代盆地构造特征[J].石油化工应用,2011,30(9):71-74.[Zhao Hongbo.The Mesozoic tectonic characteristics of Yabulai Basin[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2011,30(9):71-74.]
11 钟福平,钟建华,由伟丰,等.内蒙古雅布赖盆地红柳沟中侏罗统沉积相及沉积环境研究[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(2):149 -154.[Zhong Fuping,Zhong Jianhua,You Weifeng,et al.Study on sedimentary facies and environment of Middle Jurassic in Hongliugou of Yabulai Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2010,32(2):149-154.]
12 钟玮,林常梅,吴超,等.雅布赖盆地中生代构造特征[J].四川地质学报,2013,33(1):7-11.[Zhong Wei,Lin Changmei,Wu Chao,et al.The Mesozoic tectonic in the Yabrai Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,2013,33(1):7-11.]
13 冯昌格,刘绍文,王良书,等.塔里木盆地中央隆起区现今地温场分布特征及其与油气的关系[J].地球科学,2010,35(4):645-656 .[Feng Changge,Liu Shaowen,Wang Liangshu,et al.Presentday geotemperature field charateristics in the Central Uplift area of the Tarim Basin and implications for hydrocarbon generation and preservation[J].Earth Science,2010,35(4):645-656.]
14 汪集旸,邱楠生.含油气沉积盆地古地温研究方法[J].地球物理学进展,1992,7(4):46-62.[Wang Jiyang,Qiu Nansheng.Methods on studies of paleogeotemperature on sedimentary basins with oil and gas[J].Process in Geophysics,1992,7(4):46-62.]
15 蒋国豪,胡瑞忠,方维萱.镜质体反射率(Ro)推算古地温研究进展[J].地质地球化学,2001,29(1):40-45.[Jiang Guohao,Hu Ruizhong,Fang Weixuan.Progress in deduction of paleotemperature from virinite reflectance data[J].Geology-Geochemistry,2001,29(1):40-45.]
16 任战利,赵重远,张军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地古地温研究[J].沉积学报,1994,12(1):56-65.[Ren Zhanli,Zhao Zhongyuan,Zhang Jun,et al.Research on paleotemperature in the Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1994,12(1):56-65.]
17 Barker C E,Pawlewicz M J.The correlation of vitrinite reflectance with maximum temperature in humic organic metter[M]//Buntebarth G,Stegena L.Paleogeothermics.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1986:79-93.
18 姚合法,任玉林,申本科.渤海湾盆地中原地区古地温梯度恢复研究[J].地学前缘,2006,13(3):135-140.[Yao Hefa,Ren Yulin,Shen Benke.Reconstruction of the paleogeothermal gradient in the Zhongyuan area,Bohai Bay Basin,East China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(3):135-140.]
19 邹华耀,吴智勇.镜质体反射率在重建盆地古地温中的应用——中国东部、西部中、新生代沉积盆地古地温特征[J].沉积学报,1998,16(1):112-119.[Zou Huayao,Wu Zhiyong.Application of vitrinite reflectance in reconstruction of paleotemperature:Evolution of paleotemperature in the eastern and western Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary basins,China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1998,16(1):112-119.]
20 陈墨香,汪集旸,汪缉安,等.华北断陷盆地地热场特征及其形成机制[J].地质学报,1990(1):80-91.[Chen Moxiang,Wang Jiyang,Wang Ji’an,et al.The characteristics of the geothermal field and its formation mechanism in the North China down-faulted basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1990(1):80-91.]
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