基于苔藓氮含量和氮同位素的太白山大气氮沉降研究
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摘要
利用石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素研究太白山地区大气氮沉降量及来源。对太白山不同海拔高度上石生苔藓样品氮含量(ω(TN))和氮同位素值(δ15N)进行分析,并对南北坡数据进行比较。南坡苔藓ω(TN)与海拔高度(Laltitude)的关系为ω(TN)=5.23-3.00×10-4Laltitude(R2=0.05),北坡为ω(TN)=3.48-3.00×10-4Laltitude(R2=0.14);南北坡苔藓ω(TN)随海拔高度变化规律不明显;根据前人经验估算出南坡大气氮沉降量最大值和最小值分别为122.11、48.07kg/(hm2·a),平均值为70.57 kg/(hm2·a);北坡大气氮沉降量最大值和最小值分别为61.66、21.72 kg/(hm2·a),平均值为39.03 kg/(hm2·a);南坡苔藓δ15N主要集中在-6‰~-2‰,北坡苔藓δ15N主要集中在-5‰~-1‰,太白山地区主要氮源为农业或土壤氮的自然释放。
引文
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[14]HICKS W K,LEITH I D,WOODIN S J,et al.Can the foliar nitrogen concentration of upland vegetation be used for predicting atmospheric nitrogen deposition?Evidence from field surveys[J].Environ Pollut,2000,107(3):367-376.
[15]LIU Xueyan,XIAOHuayun,LIUcongqiang,et al.Stable carbon and nitrogen iso topes of the moss Haplocladiummicrophyllum in an urban and a background area(SW China):the role of environmental conditions and atmospheric nitrogen deposition[J].Atmos Environ,2008,42(21):5413-5423.
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[17]魏样,同延安.陕西省不同生态区大气氮沉降及酸雨监测.西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.2012.
[18]FREYER H D.Seasonal trends of NH4+and NO3-nitrogen isotope composition in rain collected at Julich,Germany[J].Tellus,1978,30:83-92.
[19]Heaton T H E.Isotopic studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere:a review[J].Chemical Geology,1986,59:87-102.
[20]Pearson J,Wells D M,Seller K J,etal.Traffic exposure increases natural 15 N and heavy metal concentrations in mosses[J].New Phytologist,2000,147:317-326.
[21]Gerdol R,Bragazza L,Marchesini R,Medici A,Pedrini P,Benedetti S,Bovolenta A,Coppi S,Use of moss(Tortulamuralis Hedw.)for monitoring organic and inorganic air pollution in urban and rural sites in Northern Italy[J].Atmo.Envir.,2002,36:4069-4075.
[2]Larssen T,Seip H M,Semb A,et al.Acid deposition and its effects in China:an overview[J].Environmental Science and Policy,1999,2(1):9-24.
[3]刘学炎,肖化云,刘从强,等.石生苔藓氮含量和氮同位素只是贵阳地区大气氮沉降的空间变化和来源[J].环境科学.2008.29(7):1785-1790.
[4]刘学炎,肖化云,刘丛强,等.基于石生藓类氮含量的贵阳地区大气氮沉降[J].生态学报.2009.29(12):6646-6653.
[5]Zechmeister H G,Dirnbck T,Hülber K,et al.Assessing airborne pollution effects on bryophytes e lessons learned through long-term integrated monitoring in Austria[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,147:696-705.
[6]Schr der W,Holy M,Pesch R,et al.First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses[J].Atmospheric Environment,2010,44:3485-3491.
[7]Press M C,Wood in S J Lee J A.The potential importance of an increased atmosphericn nitrogen supply to the growth of anbrotrophic Sphagnum species New Phytologist 1986,103(1):45-55.
[8]Pitcaim C E R,Fowler D,Grace J.Deposition of fixed atmospheric nitrogen and foliar nitrogen content of bryophytes and Callunavulgaris.Hull Environmental Pollution.1995,88(2):193-205.
[9]Pitcaim C E R,Fowler D,Leith I D,Sheppard L J,Sutton M A,Kennedy V,Okello E.B.Bioindicators of enhanced nitrogen deposition Ecironmental Pollution,2003,126(3):353-361.
[10]Solga A,Burkhardt J,Zrchmeister H G,Frahm J P.Nitrogen contentδ15N natural abundance and biomass of the two pleurocarpous mosses Pleuroziumschreberi(Brid.)Mitt and Scleropodiumpurum(Hedw.)Limpr in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition.Environmental Pollution.2005.134(3):465-476.
[11]LIU Xueyan,XIAO Huayuan,LIU Congqiang,et al.Tissue N content andδ15N natural abundance in epilithic mosses for indicating atmospheric N deposition in the Guiyang area,SW China[J].Applied Gemchemistry,2008,23:2708-2715.
[12]GERDOL R,BRAGAZZA L.Effects of altitude on element accumulation in alpine moss[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(5):810-816.
[13]罗笠,肖化云.用苔藓氮含量和氮同位素值值指示庐山大气氮沉降[J].环境科学研究.2011,24(5):512-515.
[14]HICKS W K,LEITH I D,WOODIN S J,et al.Can the foliar nitrogen concentration of upland vegetation be used for predicting atmospheric nitrogen deposition?Evidence from field surveys[J].Environ Pollut,2000,107(3):367-376.
[15]LIU Xueyan,XIAOHuayun,LIUcongqiang,et al.Stable carbon and nitrogen iso topes of the moss Haplocladiummicrophyllum in an urban and a background area(SW China):the role of environmental conditions and atmospheric nitrogen deposition[J].Atmos Environ,2008,42(21):5413-5423.
[16]董小卫,刘德辉,潘根兴,等.酸沉降影响下春季庐山森林生态系统水溶态氮的分布及其动态[J].南京农业大学学报.1999,22(4):45-48.
[17]魏样,同延安.陕西省不同生态区大气氮沉降及酸雨监测.西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.2012.
[18]FREYER H D.Seasonal trends of NH4+and NO3-nitrogen isotope composition in rain collected at Julich,Germany[J].Tellus,1978,30:83-92.
[19]Heaton T H E.Isotopic studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere:a review[J].Chemical Geology,1986,59:87-102.
[20]Pearson J,Wells D M,Seller K J,etal.Traffic exposure increases natural 15 N and heavy metal concentrations in mosses[J].New Phytologist,2000,147:317-326.
[21]Gerdol R,Bragazza L,Marchesini R,Medici A,Pedrini P,Benedetti S,Bovolenta A,Coppi S,Use of moss(Tortulamuralis Hedw.)for monitoring organic and inorganic air pollution in urban and rural sites in Northern Italy[J].Atmo.Envir.,2002,36:4069-4075.
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