强震区泥石流动力特性与风险评价研究进展
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- 英文论文题名：Dynamic Feature and Risk Assessment of Wenchuan Earthquake-induced Debris Flow:an Overview
- 论文作者：黄勋 ; 冯永能 ; 杜逢彬 ; 刘洋
- 英文论文作者：HUANG Xun ; FENG Yongneng ; DU Fengbin ; LIU Yang ; Chongqing Survey Institute ; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Geotechnical Engineering
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：重庆市勘测院;重庆市岩土工程技术研究中心;
- 论文关键词：汶川地震 ; 泥石流 ; 动力特性 ; 风险评价 ; 研究进展
- 英文论文关键词：Wenchuan earthquake ; debris flow ; dynamic feature ; QRA ; overview
- 会议召开时间：2016-09-05
- 会议录名称：2016年全国工程勘察学术大会论文集（上册）
- 英文会议录名称：Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：P642.23
- 学会代码：ZJKC
- 会议名称：2016年全国工程勘察学术大会
- 会议地点：中国山西太原
- 主办单位：全国建筑工程勘察科技情报网、全国建筑工程勘察科技情报网华北情报站、中国建筑学会工程勘察分会
- 学会名称：中国建筑学会工程勘察分会
- 页数：8
- 文件大小：659k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
汶川地震后,泥石流灾害频发,地震灾区的减/防灾工作形势严峻。文章从以下6个方面对强震区泥石流成灾特征与减灾对策的研究成果进行了总结、论述:①复合型起动模式研究;②沿程沟床侵蚀机制研究;③沟道堰塞体渍决机制研究;④泥石流冲出模型研究;⑤承灾体易损性曲线研究;⑥泥石流定量风险评价研究。最后,阐述了当前震区泥石流研究存在的主要问题,并展望了下一步研究工作的发展趋势。
Wenchuan earthquake-induced catastrophic debris flows have been occurred frequently,which makes a threat to the disaster mitigation.In this article,the achievements of mechanism characteristic and mitigation measure of Wenchuan earthquake-induced debris flows study are summarized by the following aspects:complex initiation mechanism;debris flow entrainment mechanism;outburst mechanism of barrier dam;debris flow run-out model;vulnerability curve of elements at risk;debris flow quantitative risk assessment.Finally,main problems in Wenchuan earthquake-induced debris flows studying are examined,and prospects on future research are also presented.
Wenchuan earthquake-induced catastrophic debris flows have been occurred frequently,which makes a threat to the disaster mitigation.In this article,the achievements of mechanism characteristic and mitigation measure of Wenchuan earthquake-induced debris flows study are summarized by the following aspects:complex initiation mechanism;debris flow entrainment mechanism;outburst mechanism of barrier dam;debris flow run-out model;vulnerability curve of elements at risk;debris flow quantitative risk assessment.Finally,main problems in Wenchuan earthquake-induced debris flows studying are examined,and prospects on future research are also presented.
引文
[1]许强.四川省8·13特大泥石流灾害特点、成因与启示[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(5):596-608.Xu Qiang.The 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flows in Sichuan Province:characteristics,genetic mechanism and suggestions[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(5):596-608
[2]唐川,铁永波.汶川震区北川县城魏家沟暴雨泥石流灾害调查分析[J].山地学报,2009,27(5):625-630.Tang Chuan,Tie Yongbo.Reconnaissance and analysis on the rainstorm induced debris flow in Weijiagou valley of Beichuan City after the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2009,27(5):625-630.
[3]庄建琦,崔鹏,胡凯衡,等.沟道松散物质起动形成泥石流实验研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):230-236.Zhuang Jianqi,Cui Peng,Hu Kaiheng,et al.Research on debris flow initiation due to bed failure after Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2010,42(5):230-236.
[4]崔鹏.泥石流起动条件及机理的实验研究[J].科学通报,199i,36(21):1650-1652.
[5]戴福初,陈守义,李焯芬.从土的应力应变特性探讨滑坡发生机理[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):127-130.
[6]Okura Y,Kitahara H,Ochiai H,et al.Landslide fluidization process by flume experiments[J],Engineering Geology,2002,66(1):65-78.
[7]Hungr O,Evans S G,Bovis M J,et al.A review of the classification of landslides of the flow type[J].Environmental&Engineering Geoscience,2001,7(3):221-238.
[8]Iverson RM,Vallance JW.New views of granular mass flows[J].Geology,2001,29(2):115-118.
[9]Wong RT,Seed HB,Chan CK.Cyclic loading liquefaction of gravelly soils[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1975,101(GT):571-583.
[10]陈宁生,崔鹏,王晓颖,等.地震作用下泥石流源区砾石土体强度的衰减实验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2743-2747.Chen Ningsheng,Cui Peng,Wang Xiaoying,et al.Testing study on strength reduction of gravelly soil in triggering area of debris flow under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2743-2747.
[11]May CL,Gresswell RE.Processes and rates of sediment and wood accumulation in headwater streams of the Oregon Coast Range,USA[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2003,28(4):409-424.
[12]崔鹏,庄建琦,陈兴长,等.汶川地震区震后泥石流活动特征与防治对策[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):10-19.Cui Peng,Zhuang Jianqi,Chen Xingchang,et al.Characteristics and countermeasures of debris flow in Wenchuan area after the earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2010,42(5):10-19.
[13]王兆印.泥石流龙头运动的实验研究及能量理论[J].水利学报,2001,(3):18-26.Wang Zhaoyin.Experimental study on debris flow head and the energy theory[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2001,(3):18-26
[14]崔鹏.泥石流起动机理的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,1990.
[15]Takahashi T.Mechanical characteristics of debris flow[J].Journal of the Hydraulics Division,1978,104(8):1153-1169.
[16]吴永,何思明,裴向军,等.震后沟道泥石流启动条件——松散堆积体雨中失稳的水力学机制分析[J].岩土力学,2012,33(10):3043-3050.Wu Yong,He Siming,Pei Xiangjun,et al.Analysis of condition of startup of gully debris flow after earthquake——The hydraulic mechanism of instability of loose deposits in rainfall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(10):3043-3050.
[17]刘传正.汶川地震区文家沟泥石流成因模式分析[J].地质论评,2012,58(4):709-716.Liu Chuanzheng.Analysis on genetic model of Wenjiagou debris flows in Wenchuan earthquake area,Sichuan[J].Geological Review,2012,58(4):709-716.
[18]黄勋,唐川,乐茂华,等.汶川震区银厂沟区域8·18暴雨泥石流灾害成灾机理与特征[J].工程地质学报,2013,21(4):761-769.Huang Xun,Tang Chuan,Le Maohua,et al.Mechanism and characteristics on debris flow hazards in Yinchanggou area triggered by rainstorm on August 18,2012[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2013,21(4):761-769.
[19]Hungr O,Morgan GC,Kellerhals R.Quantitative analysis of debris torrent hazards for design of remedial measures[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1984,21(4):663-677.
[20]Rickenmann D,Weber D,Stepanov B.Erosion by debris flows in field and laboratory experiments[J].Debris-flow hazards mitigation:mechanics,prediction,and assessment,2003:883-894.
[21]Papa M,Egashira S,Itoh T.Critical conditions of bed sediment entrainment due to debris flow[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2004,4(3):469-474.
[22]Sassa K.Special lecture:Geotechnical model for the motion of landslides[C].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts.Elsevier Science,1989,26(2):88-88.
[23]Cui P,Zhou GGD,Zhu XH,et al.Scale amplification of natural debris flows caused by cascading landslide dam failuresfJ].Geomorphology,2013,182:173-189.
[24]Hu W,Xu Q,van Asch TWJ,et al.Flume tests to study the initiation of huge debris flows after the Wenchuan earthquake in SW China[J].Engineering Geology,2014,182:121-129.
[25]Cenderelli DA,Wohl EE.Peak discharge estimates of glacial-lake outburst floods and"normal"climatic floods in the Mount Everest region,Nepal[J].Geomorphology,2001,40(1):57-90.
[26]陈晓清,陈宁生,崔鹏.冰川终碛湖溃决泥石流流量计算[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(3):357-362.Chen Xiaoqing,Chen Ningsheng,Cui Peng.Calculation of discharge of debris flow induced by glacier lake outburst[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2004,26(3):357-362.
[27]匡尚富.天然坝溃块的泥石流形成机理及其数学模型[J].泥沙研究,1993(4):42-57.Kuang Shangfu.Formation mechanisms and prediction on models of debris flow due to natural dam failures[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1993(4):42-57.
[28]Fan XM.Understanding the causes and effects of earthquake-induced landslide dams[D].Enschede:University of Twente,2013.
[29]Luna BQ.Dynamic numerical run-out modeling for quantitative landslide risk assessment[D].Enschede:University of Twente,2012.
[30]Fell R,Hartford D.Landslide risk management[J].Landslide risk assessment.Balkema,Rotterdam,1997:51-109.
[31]Cardinali M,Reichenbach P,Guzzetti F,et al.A geomorphological approach to the estimation of landslide hazards and risks in Umbria,Central Italy[J].Natural hazards and earth system science,2002,2(1/2):57-72.
[32]Fuchs S,Heiss K,H(u|¨)bl J.Towards an empirical vulnerability function for use in debris flow risk assessment[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2007,7(5):495-506.
[33]Tsao TC,Hsu WK,Cheng CT,et al.A preliminary study of debris flow risk estimation and management in Taiwan[C]//Interaational symposium interpraevent in the Pacific Rim-Taipei.2010:26-30.
[34]Totschnig R,Sedlacek W,Fuchs S.A quantitative vulnerability function for fluvial sediment transport[J].Natural hazards,2011,58(2):681-703.
[35]Calvo B,Savi F.A real-world application of Monte Carlo procedure for debris flow risk assessment[J].Computers&Geosciences,2009,35(5):967-977.
[36]Jakob M,Stein D,Ulmi M.Vulnerability of buildings to debris flow impact[J].Natural hazards,2012,60(2):241-261.
[37]Luna BQ,Blahut J,van Westen CJ,et al.The application of numerical debris flow modelling for the generation of physical vulnerability curves[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2011,11(7):2047-2060.
[38]Haugen ED,Kaynia AM.Vulnerability of structures impacted by debris flow[J].Landslides and engineered slopes.Taylor&Francis,London,2008:381-387.
[39]刘希林.区域泥石流风险评价研究[J].自然灾害学报,2000,9(1):54-61.Liu Xinlin.Reginal risk assessment on debris flow[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2000,9(1):54-61.
[40]Zezere JL,Garcia RAC,Oliveira SC,et al.Probabilistic landslide risk analysis considering direct costs in the area north of Lisbon(PortugaI)[J].Geomorphology,2008,94(3):467-495.
[41]Jaiswal P,van Westen CJ,Jetten V.Quantitative landslide hazard assessment along a transportation corridor in southern India[J].Engineering geology,2010,116(3):236-250.
[42]Luna BQ,Blahut J,Camera C,et al.Physically based dynamic run-out modelling for quantitative debris flow risk assessment:a case study in Tresenda,northern ltaly[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,72(3):645-661.
[43]Jakob M,McDougall S,Weatherly H,et al.Debris-flow simulations on Cheekye River,British ColumbiafJ].Landslides,2013,10(6):685-699.
[44]Crosta GB,Frattini P,Chen J,et al.Cost-benefit analysis for debris avalanche risk management[C].Geophysical Research Abstracts.Copernicus GmbH,2005,7:8738-8752.
[2]唐川,铁永波.汶川震区北川县城魏家沟暴雨泥石流灾害调查分析[J].山地学报,2009,27(5):625-630.Tang Chuan,Tie Yongbo.Reconnaissance and analysis on the rainstorm induced debris flow in Weijiagou valley of Beichuan City after the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2009,27(5):625-630.
[3]庄建琦,崔鹏,胡凯衡,等.沟道松散物质起动形成泥石流实验研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):230-236.Zhuang Jianqi,Cui Peng,Hu Kaiheng,et al.Research on debris flow initiation due to bed failure after Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2010,42(5):230-236.
[4]崔鹏.泥石流起动条件及机理的实验研究[J].科学通报,199i,36(21):1650-1652.
[5]戴福初,陈守义,李焯芬.从土的应力应变特性探讨滑坡发生机理[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):127-130.
[6]Okura Y,Kitahara H,Ochiai H,et al.Landslide fluidization process by flume experiments[J],Engineering Geology,2002,66(1):65-78.
[7]Hungr O,Evans S G,Bovis M J,et al.A review of the classification of landslides of the flow type[J].Environmental&Engineering Geoscience,2001,7(3):221-238.
[8]Iverson RM,Vallance JW.New views of granular mass flows[J].Geology,2001,29(2):115-118.
[9]Wong RT,Seed HB,Chan CK.Cyclic loading liquefaction of gravelly soils[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1975,101(GT):571-583.
[10]陈宁生,崔鹏,王晓颖,等.地震作用下泥石流源区砾石土体强度的衰减实验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2743-2747.Chen Ningsheng,Cui Peng,Wang Xiaoying,et al.Testing study on strength reduction of gravelly soil in triggering area of debris flow under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2743-2747.
[11]May CL,Gresswell RE.Processes and rates of sediment and wood accumulation in headwater streams of the Oregon Coast Range,USA[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2003,28(4):409-424.
[12]崔鹏,庄建琦,陈兴长,等.汶川地震区震后泥石流活动特征与防治对策[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):10-19.Cui Peng,Zhuang Jianqi,Chen Xingchang,et al.Characteristics and countermeasures of debris flow in Wenchuan area after the earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2010,42(5):10-19.
[13]王兆印.泥石流龙头运动的实验研究及能量理论[J].水利学报,2001,(3):18-26.Wang Zhaoyin.Experimental study on debris flow head and the energy theory[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2001,(3):18-26
[14]崔鹏.泥石流起动机理的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,1990.
[15]Takahashi T.Mechanical characteristics of debris flow[J].Journal of the Hydraulics Division,1978,104(8):1153-1169.
[16]吴永,何思明,裴向军,等.震后沟道泥石流启动条件——松散堆积体雨中失稳的水力学机制分析[J].岩土力学,2012,33(10):3043-3050.Wu Yong,He Siming,Pei Xiangjun,et al.Analysis of condition of startup of gully debris flow after earthquake——The hydraulic mechanism of instability of loose deposits in rainfall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(10):3043-3050.
[17]刘传正.汶川地震区文家沟泥石流成因模式分析[J].地质论评,2012,58(4):709-716.Liu Chuanzheng.Analysis on genetic model of Wenjiagou debris flows in Wenchuan earthquake area,Sichuan[J].Geological Review,2012,58(4):709-716.
[18]黄勋,唐川,乐茂华,等.汶川震区银厂沟区域8·18暴雨泥石流灾害成灾机理与特征[J].工程地质学报,2013,21(4):761-769.Huang Xun,Tang Chuan,Le Maohua,et al.Mechanism and characteristics on debris flow hazards in Yinchanggou area triggered by rainstorm on August 18,2012[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2013,21(4):761-769.
[19]Hungr O,Morgan GC,Kellerhals R.Quantitative analysis of debris torrent hazards for design of remedial measures[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1984,21(4):663-677.
[20]Rickenmann D,Weber D,Stepanov B.Erosion by debris flows in field and laboratory experiments[J].Debris-flow hazards mitigation:mechanics,prediction,and assessment,2003:883-894.
[21]Papa M,Egashira S,Itoh T.Critical conditions of bed sediment entrainment due to debris flow[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2004,4(3):469-474.
[22]Sassa K.Special lecture:Geotechnical model for the motion of landslides[C].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts.Elsevier Science,1989,26(2):88-88.
[23]Cui P,Zhou GGD,Zhu XH,et al.Scale amplification of natural debris flows caused by cascading landslide dam failuresfJ].Geomorphology,2013,182:173-189.
[24]Hu W,Xu Q,van Asch TWJ,et al.Flume tests to study the initiation of huge debris flows after the Wenchuan earthquake in SW China[J].Engineering Geology,2014,182:121-129.
[25]Cenderelli DA,Wohl EE.Peak discharge estimates of glacial-lake outburst floods and"normal"climatic floods in the Mount Everest region,Nepal[J].Geomorphology,2001,40(1):57-90.
[26]陈晓清,陈宁生,崔鹏.冰川终碛湖溃决泥石流流量计算[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(3):357-362.Chen Xiaoqing,Chen Ningsheng,Cui Peng.Calculation of discharge of debris flow induced by glacier lake outburst[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2004,26(3):357-362.
[27]匡尚富.天然坝溃块的泥石流形成机理及其数学模型[J].泥沙研究,1993(4):42-57.Kuang Shangfu.Formation mechanisms and prediction on models of debris flow due to natural dam failures[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1993(4):42-57.
[28]Fan XM.Understanding the causes and effects of earthquake-induced landslide dams[D].Enschede:University of Twente,2013.
[29]Luna BQ.Dynamic numerical run-out modeling for quantitative landslide risk assessment[D].Enschede:University of Twente,2012.
[30]Fell R,Hartford D.Landslide risk management[J].Landslide risk assessment.Balkema,Rotterdam,1997:51-109.
[31]Cardinali M,Reichenbach P,Guzzetti F,et al.A geomorphological approach to the estimation of landslide hazards and risks in Umbria,Central Italy[J].Natural hazards and earth system science,2002,2(1/2):57-72.
[32]Fuchs S,Heiss K,H(u|¨)bl J.Towards an empirical vulnerability function for use in debris flow risk assessment[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2007,7(5):495-506.
[33]Tsao TC,Hsu WK,Cheng CT,et al.A preliminary study of debris flow risk estimation and management in Taiwan[C]//Interaational symposium interpraevent in the Pacific Rim-Taipei.2010:26-30.
[34]Totschnig R,Sedlacek W,Fuchs S.A quantitative vulnerability function for fluvial sediment transport[J].Natural hazards,2011,58(2):681-703.
[35]Calvo B,Savi F.A real-world application of Monte Carlo procedure for debris flow risk assessment[J].Computers&Geosciences,2009,35(5):967-977.
[36]Jakob M,Stein D,Ulmi M.Vulnerability of buildings to debris flow impact[J].Natural hazards,2012,60(2):241-261.
[37]Luna BQ,Blahut J,van Westen CJ,et al.The application of numerical debris flow modelling for the generation of physical vulnerability curves[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Science,2011,11(7):2047-2060.
[38]Haugen ED,Kaynia AM.Vulnerability of structures impacted by debris flow[J].Landslides and engineered slopes.Taylor&Francis,London,2008:381-387.
[39]刘希林.区域泥石流风险评价研究[J].自然灾害学报,2000,9(1):54-61.Liu Xinlin.Reginal risk assessment on debris flow[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2000,9(1):54-61.
[40]Zezere JL,Garcia RAC,Oliveira SC,et al.Probabilistic landslide risk analysis considering direct costs in the area north of Lisbon(PortugaI)[J].Geomorphology,2008,94(3):467-495.
[41]Jaiswal P,van Westen CJ,Jetten V.Quantitative landslide hazard assessment along a transportation corridor in southern India[J].Engineering geology,2010,116(3):236-250.
[42]Luna BQ,Blahut J,Camera C,et al.Physically based dynamic run-out modelling for quantitative debris flow risk assessment:a case study in Tresenda,northern ltaly[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,72(3):645-661.
[43]Jakob M,McDougall S,Weatherly H,et al.Debris-flow simulations on Cheekye River,British ColumbiafJ].Landslides,2013,10(6):685-699.
[44]Crosta GB,Frattini P,Chen J,et al.Cost-benefit analysis for debris avalanche risk management[C].Geophysical Research Abstracts.Copernicus GmbH,2005,7:8738-8752.
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