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扩链剂TX-2对PTMG/TDI体系PU弹性体力学性能的影响
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摘要
以聚四氢呋喃均聚醚(PTMG)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-100)为原料合成聚氨酯预聚体,再分别与扩链剂TX-2、E300和二者混合物反应制备聚氨酯(PU)弹性体。讨论了TX-2含量、预聚体NCO基含量、扩链系数、聚醚软段相对分子质量对弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明,提高扩链剂中TX-2含量,胶液流动时间增加,PU弹性体的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和冲击弹性下降;预聚体NCO基质量分数增加,可使弹性体的硬度、模量和强度明显提高,拉断伸长率和冲击弹性则下降;当扩链系数增加时,弹性体的拉伸强度、定伸应力和扯断伸长率均明显提高,但当扩链系数大于1时,上述各项性能指标迅速降低;随着软段相对分子质量增加,弹性体的硬度、300%定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度均下降,拉断伸长率和冲击弹性则增加。
Polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized by using polytetramethylene glycol(PTMG) and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate(TDI-100) as raw materials.Polyurethane elastomers were prepared by using 2,4-diamino-3,5-dimethylthio chlorobenzene(TX-2),3,5-dimetylthio toluene dianiline(E300) and their mixture as chain extenders.The influence of the mass fraction of TX-2 mass fraction of-NCO in prepolymer,chain extension coefficient and molecular weight of soft segment on the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer were investigated.The results showed that the tensile strength,tear strength and impact elasticity decreased,the flow time increased when the mass fraction of TX-2was increased.The hardness,modulus and strength was enhanced rapidly when percentage of NCO in prepolymer was increased,but elongation and impact elasticity decreased.When chain extension coefficient increased,the tensile strength,stress and elongation of PU significantly improved.When the chain expansion coefficient exceeded 1,properties of the above was rapidly decreased.The hardness,300%modulus,tensile strength and tear strength was decreased when molecular weight of soft segment was increased,but the elongation and impact elasticity performance improved.
引文
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