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滇中地区极端降水事件的时空变化特征
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摘要
根据1964~2013年滇中地区49个气象站点逐日的降水数据,采用M-K秩次检验方法,结合线性趋势和5a滑动平均法,研究滇中地区极端降水事件的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)在时间尺度上,强降水日数和最多连续雨日天数呈显著减少趋势,普通日降水强度呈弱减少趋势,最多连续无雨日天数呈显著上升趋势,极端降水事件突变多发生在2002年~2008年间;(2)在空间尺度上,普通日降水强度整体上表现出中部高,东北和西北部低的趋势;强降水日数和最多连续无雨日天数整体呈现出中西部低,东南和西北部高的趋势,并出现了明显的低值区,而最多连续雨日天数基本呈现出相反的空间分布特征;(3)在空间变化趋势方面,近50年滇中地区降水呈减少的趋势,中东部地区降水减少趋势最为显著,且普通日降水强度呈显著减少趋势,而西南部最多连续无雨日数则呈现显著上升趋势,由此可见滇中地区干旱趋势明显加剧,尤其是中东部。
Based on the date of daily precipitation of 49 stations in the central area of Yunnan province from 1964 to 2013, Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of extreme precipitation events in Central Yunnan Province were analyzed by using the Mann-kendall rank test, combining with the regression analysis and the five year moving average analysis. The results showed:(1)On the time scale,R10 and CWD showed a significant decreasing trend, and SDII showed a weak trend, and CDD showed a significant upward trend, The mutation year of the extreme precipitation events occurred in the period from 2002 to 2008;(2) at the spatial scale, SDII showed higher in central, the trend of the northeast and northwest lower, R10 and CWD showed lower Midwest, the trend of Southeast and northwest higher, and there was an obvious low value area, and with CDD showed opposite spatial distribution characteristics;(3) In terms of spatial variation, The decreasing trend of precipitation in Central Yunnan Province in recent 50 years, the reduction trend of precipitation is the most significant in the central east area, and SDII showed a significant reduction trend, the southwest of CDD showed a significant upward trend. Thus, It can be seen that the drought trend is obviously increased in Central Yunnan Province, especially in the central east area.
引文
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