某化工企业苯储罐泄漏对地表水环境风险评估
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摘要
苯一旦发生泄漏事故进入水体,会对河流水质及沿岸生态环境产生严重影响。因此,开展化工企业苯储罐泄漏对地表水环境风险评估研究意义重大。基于溢油模型,建立了苯储罐泄漏对地表水环境影响的预测模型,并以某化工企业苯储罐泄漏为例进行了事故情景模拟。研究表明:所建的预测模型能够对苯储罐泄漏后苯的水环境行为进行快速的模拟和预测,并且能实时展示事件的影响范围和程度,可为化工企业苯储罐泄漏突发水环境污染事件的预警应急提供决策依据;如果不采取措施,事故情景中排放的苯对研究河段的污染长度为2.4 km,污染面积为223358 m~2。
引文
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[3]唐运平,张志扬,石岩,等.天津港危化品仓库“8.12”爆炸事故水污染控制简介[J].给水排水,2016,42(1):69-71.
[4]王云,吴树宝,王春雷,等.“7.21”涪江突发水污染事件应急监测分析[J].人民长江,2012,43(12):64-67.
[5]Decoufle P,Blattner W A,Blair A.Mortality among chemical workers exposed to benzene and other agents[J].Environmental Research,1983,30(1):16-25.
[6]Snyder C A,Goldstein B D,Sellakumar A R,et al.The inhalation toxicology of benzene:Incidence of hematopoietic neoplasms and hematotoxicity in ja:math and ja;math mice[J].Toxicology&Applied Pharmacology,1980,54(2):323-331.
[7]Rothman N,Haast R,Hayes R B,et al.Benzene induces gene-duplicating but not gene-inactivating mutations at the glycophorinA locus in exposed humans[J].Medical Sciences,1995,92;4069-4073.
[8]Kazumi J,Caldwell M E,Suflita J M,et al.Anaerobic degradation of benzene in diverse anoxic Environments[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1967,31(3):813-818.
[9]Mottaleb M A,Abedin M Z,Islam M S.Determination of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene in river water by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography[J].Analytical Sciences,2003,19;1365-1369.
[10]Karlowatz M,Kraft M,Mizaikoff B.Simultaneous quantitative determination of benzene,toluene,and xylenes in water using mid-infrared evanescent field spectroscopy[J].Analytical Chemistry,2004,76(9):2643-2648.
[11]陈安栋.苯[J].现代化工,1981,5:62.
[12]国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室,北京化工研究院合编.化学品毒性法规环境数据手册[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1992:120-123.
[13]Rinsky R A,Smith A B,Hornung R,et al.Benzene and leukemia.An epidemiologic risk assessment[J].New England Journal of Medicine,1987,17(17):1044-1050.
[14]曲丹丹.环境风险评价中化学品苯泄漏的大气环境影响研究[J].工业安全与环保,2009,35(1):41-42.
[15]长海.赣抚州油0005轮纯苯泄漏事故[J].劳动保护,2002,4:26.
[16]邵辉,董国江,段国宁.苯泄漏的职业健康危害环境风险研究[J].常州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,25(2):34-37.
[17]郭德勇,刘志鸿,郑茂杰,等.苯泄漏事故的应急响应等级[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(1):76-79.
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[19]宋喜群.兰州:石油管道泄漏致自来水苯超标[N].光明日报,2014-04-13(002).
[20]Fay J A.The spread of oil on a calm sea[M].In:D.Hoult(Ed.),Oil on the sea.Plenum Press,1969.
[21]陈新永,朱静,张民建.渤海湾码头溢油扩散规律分析[J].水科学与工程技术,2009,5:4-7.
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