利用Arvicolinae对泥河湾盆地晚上新世—早更新世古温度定量化研究
|
摘要
泥河湾盆地晚新生代河湖相地层发育,是中国第四纪研究的重要地区。
前人对泥河湾地区古气候方面,尤其是对泥河湾地区晚上新世—第四纪以来的古气候环境变化基本规律的研究获得了许多有重大意义的成果。但几乎所有关于气候条件的评估结论均是定性化的,尤其表现在对泥河湾地区古温度估算方面。
在欧洲,Montuire等根据小哺乳动物的地理分布与环境参数间的关系,利用统计学方法(最小二乘法),提出Arvicolinae种的数量与温度之间的简单线性回归关系关系,并应用此法对匈牙利、法国、西班牙等地的上新世—第四纪的化石动物群中以进行古温度的定量化估算,取得了不少重要的研究成果。
在本文中,笔者对Montuire等的模式在泥河湾地区适用的可行性进行了最初步的试验,而后将此模式应用于泥河湾地区的相对层位对应关系基本确立的几处典型剖面,通过各层位中Arvicolinae的统计,从而相对连续而准确地得到自晚上新世末期至早更新世以来泥河湾地区各个时期的温度的定量化结果以及更为直观的该地区温度随时间的变化情况。
经研究认为,将Montuire等所提出的模式应用于对泥河湾地区从晚上新世末期至早更新世各个时期的温度进行定量化估算,并以此为依据得出更为直观的该地区温度随时间变化情况是可行的。古温度定量化推算结果表明:泥河湾地区晚上新世末期年均温度大致保持在14℃左右,而到早更新世时温度则下降至8～9℃左右,表现出明显的大范围内温度下降趋势,但小范围内温度波动变化似乎并不太明显;在高斯/松山界线附近发生过大幅降温现象,降温幅度可能达14℃左右;在布容/松山界线附近亦发生较大规模降温事件,而与前者相比降温幅度似乎较小。
The Nihewan Basin with fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the Late Cenozoic is very important for researching Chinese Quaternary.
Many important results on the palaeoclimatic change in this district have been achieved. It seems that almost all of informations of palaeoclimatic research, however, are qualitative, especially in estimating palaeotemperature.
In Europe, using statistical methods, the simple linear regression of temperature and number of species of Arvicolinae, developed by S.Monture et al., has already been applied in Hungary, France and Spain etc., and many important results have been achieved, which are based on the relationship between the climatic parameters and species diversity.
In this paper, it is tested whether it is possible that the model described above can be be applied in the Nihewan area, where there are several classical sections, the relationship between the layers of which has been established, in order to directly achieve the information of the successive quantified temperature in each period from the late Pliocene to the early Pleistocene and temperature changes in Nihewan Basin, based on the static result of Arvicolinae presented in each layers.
It can be concluded in this paper that it is possible to apply the model developed by Monture et al. in the Nihewan Basin. The quantified results of the palaeotemperature illustrate that in the Nihewan Basin, the annual temperature maintained about 14℃in the late Pliocene, while in the early Pleistocene it fell to 8～9℃more or less, which shows a great downtrend, with little temperature fluctuation. And it is also shown that a large temperature falling episode occurred near the G/M boundary, with the temperature falling by about 14℃. And so did it near the B/M boundary, with the temperature falling less than the former.
前人对泥河湾地区古气候方面,尤其是对泥河湾地区晚上新世—第四纪以来的古气候环境变化基本规律的研究获得了许多有重大意义的成果。但几乎所有关于气候条件的评估结论均是定性化的,尤其表现在对泥河湾地区古温度估算方面。
在欧洲,Montuire等根据小哺乳动物的地理分布与环境参数间的关系,利用统计学方法(最小二乘法),提出Arvicolinae种的数量与温度之间的简单线性回归关系关系,并应用此法对匈牙利、法国、西班牙等地的上新世—第四纪的化石动物群中以进行古温度的定量化估算,取得了不少重要的研究成果。
在本文中,笔者对Montuire等的模式在泥河湾地区适用的可行性进行了最初步的试验,而后将此模式应用于泥河湾地区的相对层位对应关系基本确立的几处典型剖面,通过各层位中Arvicolinae的统计,从而相对连续而准确地得到自晚上新世末期至早更新世以来泥河湾地区各个时期的温度的定量化结果以及更为直观的该地区温度随时间的变化情况。
经研究认为,将Montuire等所提出的模式应用于对泥河湾地区从晚上新世末期至早更新世各个时期的温度进行定量化估算,并以此为依据得出更为直观的该地区温度随时间变化情况是可行的。古温度定量化推算结果表明:泥河湾地区晚上新世末期年均温度大致保持在14℃左右,而到早更新世时温度则下降至8～9℃左右,表现出明显的大范围内温度下降趋势,但小范围内温度波动变化似乎并不太明显;在高斯/松山界线附近发生过大幅降温现象,降温幅度可能达14℃左右;在布容/松山界线附近亦发生较大规模降温事件,而与前者相比降温幅度似乎较小。
The Nihewan Basin with fluvial and lacustrine deposits of the Late Cenozoic is very important for researching Chinese Quaternary.
Many important results on the palaeoclimatic change in this district have been achieved. It seems that almost all of informations of palaeoclimatic research, however, are qualitative, especially in estimating palaeotemperature.
In Europe, using statistical methods, the simple linear regression of temperature and number of species of Arvicolinae, developed by S.Monture et al., has already been applied in Hungary, France and Spain etc., and many important results have been achieved, which are based on the relationship between the climatic parameters and species diversity.
In this paper, it is tested whether it is possible that the model described above can be be applied in the Nihewan area, where there are several classical sections, the relationship between the layers of which has been established, in order to directly achieve the information of the successive quantified temperature in each period from the late Pliocene to the early Pleistocene and temperature changes in Nihewan Basin, based on the static result of Arvicolinae presented in each layers.
It can be concluded in this paper that it is possible to apply the model developed by Monture et al. in the Nihewan Basin. The quantified results of the palaeotemperature illustrate that in the Nihewan Basin, the annual temperature maintained about 14℃in the late Pliocene, while in the early Pleistocene it fell to 8～9℃more or less, which shows a great downtrend, with little temperature fluctuation. And it is also shown that a large temperature falling episode occurred near the G/M boundary, with the temperature falling by about 14℃. And so did it near the B/M boundary, with the temperature falling less than the former.
引文
[1] 蔡保全,张兆群,郑绍华,等. 河北泥河湾年盆地典型剖面地层学研究进展。地层古生物论文集,2004,28:267—285
[2] 夏正楷. 泥河湾层的研究现状和展望。第四纪研究,2001,21(3):262—269
[3] 吴文祥,刘东生. 泥河湾与黄土高原地层对比及其旧石器文化序列。地球科学进展,2002,17(1):33—38
[4] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑),1996,26(1):67—73
[5] 邱占祥. 泥河湾哺乳动物群与中国第四系下限。第四纪研究,2000,20(2):142—154
[6] 杜恒俭,蔡保全,马安成,等. 泥河湾地区晚新生代生物地层带。地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1995,20(1):35—42
[7] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑),1996, 26(1):67—73
[8] K.Schick,N.Toth,卫奇,等 译 王益人 校. 泥河湾盆地旧石器考古展望。文物季刊,1995,(1):73—80
[9] 侯亚梅,卫奇,冯兴无,等. 泥河湾盆地东谷坨遗址再发掘。第四纪研究,1999, (2):139—147
[10] 汤英俊,李毅,陈万勇. 河北阳原小长梁遗址哺乳类化石及其时代。古脊椎动物学报,1995,33(1):74—83
[11] 卫奇. 泥河湾盆地半山早更新世旧石器遗址初探。人类学学报,1994,1(3):223—238
[12] 吴文祥. 试论早期人类占据泥河湾盆地的时代,地球学报,2006,23(3):249—254
[13] 陈茅南 主编. 泥河湾层的研究。海洋出版社,1988:133—135
[14] 周廷儒等 著. 泥河湾盆地新生代古地理研究。科学出版社,1991:103—116
[15] 邓涛,薛祥熙. 重论真马(Equus 属)首次出现可作为第四纪下限的标志。地层学杂志,1997,21(2):109—116
[16] 曹伯勋 主编. 地貌学及第四纪地质学。中国地质大学出版社,1995
[17] 吴佩珠,龙天才,王淑芬. 泥河湾层的氨基酸年龄测定。地质科学,1995,30(2):159—165
[18] 闵隆瑞,张宗祜,王喜生,等. 河北阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾组底界的确定。Journal of Stratigraphy,2006,30(2):103—108
[19] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑)1996,26(1):67—73
[20] 闽隆瑞,迟振卿,朱关祥. 从井儿洼孔岩芯看阳原盆地第四纪湖相层的划分。地质学报2000,74(2):108—115
[21] 张宗祜,闽隆瑞,朱关祥. 河北省阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾河湖相层岩石地层的划分。地质通报,2003,22(6):379—383
[22] 王世杰,刘秀明,贾玉鹤,等. 陆相有孔虫形成环境的地球化学证据——以小渡口剖面为例,中国科学(D 辑),2001,31(8):677—682
[23] 贾玉鹤,王世杰. 生物壳体 Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca、87Sr/86Sr 比值在恢复古气候、古环境中的应用——以小渡口剖面为例。地质地球化学,2002,30(2):54—58
[24] 夏正楷,韩军青,金德秋,等. 泥河湾盆地末次间冰期气候变化的氧碳同位素记录。北京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(1):119—124
[25] Sophie Montuire . Rodents and climate II : Quantitative climatic estimates for Plio—Pleistocene faunas from Central Europe. Acta zool.cracov.,1996,39(1):373—379
[26] Sophie Montuire,Jacques Michaux,Serge Legendre,et al.. Rodents and climate 1:A model for estimating past temperatures using arvicolide (Mammalia:Rodentia). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,1997,128:187—206
[27] Sophie Montuire. Mammalian Faunas as Indicators of Environmental and Climatic Changes in Spain during the Pliocene—Quaternary Transition. Quaternary Research,1999,52:129—137
[28] 张荣祖等. 中国哺乳动物分布。中国林业出版社,1997:225—242
[29] 罗泽珣,陈卫,高武等 编著. 中国动物志 兽纲 第六卷 啮齿目下册 仓鼠科。科学出版社,2000:333—486
[30] 郑绍华,蔡保全,李强. 泥河湾盆地洞沟剖面上新世/更新世小哺乳动物。古脊椎动物学报,2006,44(4):320—331
[31] 蔡保全,郑绍华,李强. 蔚县盆地牛头山(铺路)剖面晚上新世/早更新世小哺乳动物。古脊椎动物学报,2007,45(3):232—245
[32] Liu Gengwu,Estella B.Leopold,Liu Yun,et al.. Preliminary Study on Middle Pliocene Pollen Flora of Yushe Basin,Shanxi Province,North China,Palaeoworld,1999,12:51—63
[33] Gengwu Liu,Estella B.Leopold,Yun Liu,et al.. Palynological Record of Pliocene Climate Events in North China.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,2002,119:335—340
[34] 刘耕武,Estella B.Leopold. 中国北方上新世降温事件及其对温度纬度梯度变化的影响。古生物学报,2003,42(1):31—38
[35] 郑国璋,岳乐平. 中国北方第四纪磁性地层记录的古地磁及倒转与气候变化耦合关系。地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(3):91—94
[36] 闵隆瑞,迟振清等 著. 河北阳原盆地西部第四纪地质。地质出版社,2003:82—126
[2] 夏正楷. 泥河湾层的研究现状和展望。第四纪研究,2001,21(3):262—269
[3] 吴文祥,刘东生. 泥河湾与黄土高原地层对比及其旧石器文化序列。地球科学进展,2002,17(1):33—38
[4] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑),1996,26(1):67—73
[5] 邱占祥. 泥河湾哺乳动物群与中国第四系下限。第四纪研究,2000,20(2):142—154
[6] 杜恒俭,蔡保全,马安成,等. 泥河湾地区晚新生代生物地层带。地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1995,20(1):35—42
[7] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑),1996, 26(1):67—73
[8] K.Schick,N.Toth,卫奇,等 译 王益人 校. 泥河湾盆地旧石器考古展望。文物季刊,1995,(1):73—80
[9] 侯亚梅,卫奇,冯兴无,等. 泥河湾盆地东谷坨遗址再发掘。第四纪研究,1999, (2):139—147
[10] 汤英俊,李毅,陈万勇. 河北阳原小长梁遗址哺乳类化石及其时代。古脊椎动物学报,1995,33(1):74—83
[11] 卫奇. 泥河湾盆地半山早更新世旧石器遗址初探。人类学学报,1994,1(3):223—238
[12] 吴文祥. 试论早期人类占据泥河湾盆地的时代,地球学报,2006,23(3):249—254
[13] 陈茅南 主编. 泥河湾层的研究。海洋出版社,1988:133—135
[14] 周廷儒等 著. 泥河湾盆地新生代古地理研究。科学出版社,1991:103—116
[15] 邓涛,薛祥熙. 重论真马(Equus 属)首次出现可作为第四纪下限的标志。地层学杂志,1997,21(2):109—116
[16] 曹伯勋 主编. 地貌学及第四纪地质学。中国地质大学出版社,1995
[17] 吴佩珠,龙天才,王淑芬. 泥河湾层的氨基酸年龄测定。地质科学,1995,30(2):159—165
[18] 闵隆瑞,张宗祜,王喜生,等. 河北阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾组底界的确定。Journal of Stratigraphy,2006,30(2):103—108
[19] 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,等. 泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题。中国科学(D辑)1996,26(1):67—73
[20] 闽隆瑞,迟振卿,朱关祥. 从井儿洼孔岩芯看阳原盆地第四纪湖相层的划分。地质学报2000,74(2):108—115
[21] 张宗祜,闽隆瑞,朱关祥. 河北省阳原台儿沟剖面泥河湾河湖相层岩石地层的划分。地质通报,2003,22(6):379—383
[22] 王世杰,刘秀明,贾玉鹤,等. 陆相有孔虫形成环境的地球化学证据——以小渡口剖面为例,中国科学(D 辑),2001,31(8):677—682
[23] 贾玉鹤,王世杰. 生物壳体 Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca、87Sr/86Sr 比值在恢复古气候、古环境中的应用——以小渡口剖面为例。地质地球化学,2002,30(2):54—58
[24] 夏正楷,韩军青,金德秋,等. 泥河湾盆地末次间冰期气候变化的氧碳同位素记录。北京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(1):119—124
[25] Sophie Montuire . Rodents and climate II : Quantitative climatic estimates for Plio—Pleistocene faunas from Central Europe. Acta zool.cracov.,1996,39(1):373—379
[26] Sophie Montuire,Jacques Michaux,Serge Legendre,et al.. Rodents and climate 1:A model for estimating past temperatures using arvicolide (Mammalia:Rodentia). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,1997,128:187—206
[27] Sophie Montuire. Mammalian Faunas as Indicators of Environmental and Climatic Changes in Spain during the Pliocene—Quaternary Transition. Quaternary Research,1999,52:129—137
[28] 张荣祖等. 中国哺乳动物分布。中国林业出版社,1997:225—242
[29] 罗泽珣,陈卫,高武等 编著. 中国动物志 兽纲 第六卷 啮齿目下册 仓鼠科。科学出版社,2000:333—486
[30] 郑绍华,蔡保全,李强. 泥河湾盆地洞沟剖面上新世/更新世小哺乳动物。古脊椎动物学报,2006,44(4):320—331
[31] 蔡保全,郑绍华,李强. 蔚县盆地牛头山(铺路)剖面晚上新世/早更新世小哺乳动物。古脊椎动物学报,2007,45(3):232—245
[32] Liu Gengwu,Estella B.Leopold,Liu Yun,et al.. Preliminary Study on Middle Pliocene Pollen Flora of Yushe Basin,Shanxi Province,North China,Palaeoworld,1999,12:51—63
[33] Gengwu Liu,Estella B.Leopold,Yun Liu,et al.. Palynological Record of Pliocene Climate Events in North China.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,2002,119:335—340
[34] 刘耕武,Estella B.Leopold. 中国北方上新世降温事件及其对温度纬度梯度变化的影响。古生物学报,2003,42(1):31—38
[35] 郑国璋,岳乐平. 中国北方第四纪磁性地层记录的古地磁及倒转与气候变化耦合关系。地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(3):91—94
[36] 闵隆瑞,迟振清等 著. 河北阳原盆地西部第四纪地质。地质出版社,2003:82—126
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |