牵引电机设计与转子应力相关研究
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摘要
为了研究国外先进的电机转子结构,论文首先分析了大中型异步电动机温度场和转子应力场的研究现状,然后以CRH2型动车组用异步牵引电机为研究对象,采用有限元分析法计算了具有轴向通风系统的异步牵引电机转子三维温度场和转子端部导条、端环、护环三维应力场。
牵引电机实际运行是一个非常复杂的物理过程,论文分析了电机内转子各部件损耗的大小、各导热体的导热系数或各散热面的表面传热系数以及电机通风系统的工程计算。由于电机内部结构复杂,通风系统的计算尤其是风路的计算也十分复杂。论文采用网络矩阵法计算电机的通风网络,并以一台大型电机为例,列出了其通风系统的网络矩阵。
论文利用有限元法并结合ANSYS分析软件对牵引电机内部多物理场进行了耦合计算,它克服了传统工程计算方法的局限性。通过电机试验和计算,得到了计算电机内转子温度场所需要的各种损耗;以网络矩阵法为基础进行通风系统的整体计算得到了转子的风量分配,从而得到转子各部件外表面的对流换热系数;然后结合转子各材料热性能参数,计算得到转子各部件的温度场。在温度场的基础上,通过耦合计算得到转子各部件的热应力场。最后将转子护环装配过盈力和转子导条电磁力作为载荷,得到转子各部件的应力场。
论文围绕牵引电机设计与转子应力研究工作,进行了大量的研究试验。特别是转子各部件应力的测量,由于中小型交流异步牵引电机转子应力测量国内还没有进行过,论文也首次采用了电机在堵转的情况下进行了测量。论文计算用的许多数据来源于实际的试验,计算结果也与试验值基本吻合,根据计算和试验的结果,论文最后得出了一些有益的结论。通过研究,基本上实现了对牵引电机设计技术引进消化吸收的目的,为国内开发同类型牵引电机提供参考依据。
For a study of the advanced structure of motor rotor at abroad, the research status of asynchronous traction motor temperature field and rotor stress field are analyzed firstly in this thesis. Then, taking CRH2 asynchronous traction motor as researched object, the thesis has calculated three dimensions rotor temperature field of an asynchronous traction motor with axial vents, on the basis of finite element method, and the stress field of rotor ending bar, end ring, shrink ring.
The actual operation of traction motor is a very complicated physical processes, the value of the loss, the equivalent of heat conductivity for rotor parts and the thermal convection coefficient of convection faces are researched in the thesis. The calculation of the air cooling system is very complex due to the complexity of the motor configuration. The thesis analyzes the network of the air cooling system using network matrix method, then gives the air cooling network matrix of a large-scale motor.
The thesis has been on coupling calculation an asynchronous traction motor with axial vents on the basis of finite element method combined with ANSYS software, which overcomes the limitation of traditional project. The loss of the motor for calculating rotor temperature field has been indicated through the calculation and tests. The distribution of rotor wind rate has been discussed on the basis of air cooling system and got the coefficient of heat transfer. Then, temperature field of all rotor parts has been calculated with the thermal parameter. Furthermore, based on temperature field, the heat stress has been improved with coupling calculation. Finally, the stress field of all rotor parts has been analyzed through the comprehensive of shrink fit pressure and rotor bar magnetic force.
A large number of research tests have been on around the research work. The measurement of stress on asynchronous traction motor has not been yet done in the stall motor circumstance, so the stress measurement has firstly been taken. The data used in the thesis are from the actual test, and the results are basically consistent with test value, and some useful conclusions have been obtained according to the test results. The conclusions provide the reference basis for the development of similar model traction motor at domestic, and the thesis will help us achieve the purpose of absorption the design technology of traction motor at broad.
牵引电机实际运行是一个非常复杂的物理过程,论文分析了电机内转子各部件损耗的大小、各导热体的导热系数或各散热面的表面传热系数以及电机通风系统的工程计算。由于电机内部结构复杂,通风系统的计算尤其是风路的计算也十分复杂。论文采用网络矩阵法计算电机的通风网络,并以一台大型电机为例,列出了其通风系统的网络矩阵。
论文利用有限元法并结合ANSYS分析软件对牵引电机内部多物理场进行了耦合计算,它克服了传统工程计算方法的局限性。通过电机试验和计算,得到了计算电机内转子温度场所需要的各种损耗;以网络矩阵法为基础进行通风系统的整体计算得到了转子的风量分配,从而得到转子各部件外表面的对流换热系数;然后结合转子各材料热性能参数,计算得到转子各部件的温度场。在温度场的基础上,通过耦合计算得到转子各部件的热应力场。最后将转子护环装配过盈力和转子导条电磁力作为载荷,得到转子各部件的应力场。
论文围绕牵引电机设计与转子应力研究工作,进行了大量的研究试验。特别是转子各部件应力的测量,由于中小型交流异步牵引电机转子应力测量国内还没有进行过,论文也首次采用了电机在堵转的情况下进行了测量。论文计算用的许多数据来源于实际的试验,计算结果也与试验值基本吻合,根据计算和试验的结果,论文最后得出了一些有益的结论。通过研究,基本上实现了对牵引电机设计技术引进消化吸收的目的,为国内开发同类型牵引电机提供参考依据。
For a study of the advanced structure of motor rotor at abroad, the research status of asynchronous traction motor temperature field and rotor stress field are analyzed firstly in this thesis. Then, taking CRH2 asynchronous traction motor as researched object, the thesis has calculated three dimensions rotor temperature field of an asynchronous traction motor with axial vents, on the basis of finite element method, and the stress field of rotor ending bar, end ring, shrink ring.
The actual operation of traction motor is a very complicated physical processes, the value of the loss, the equivalent of heat conductivity for rotor parts and the thermal convection coefficient of convection faces are researched in the thesis. The calculation of the air cooling system is very complex due to the complexity of the motor configuration. The thesis analyzes the network of the air cooling system using network matrix method, then gives the air cooling network matrix of a large-scale motor.
The thesis has been on coupling calculation an asynchronous traction motor with axial vents on the basis of finite element method combined with ANSYS software, which overcomes the limitation of traditional project. The loss of the motor for calculating rotor temperature field has been indicated through the calculation and tests. The distribution of rotor wind rate has been discussed on the basis of air cooling system and got the coefficient of heat transfer. Then, temperature field of all rotor parts has been calculated with the thermal parameter. Furthermore, based on temperature field, the heat stress has been improved with coupling calculation. Finally, the stress field of all rotor parts has been analyzed through the comprehensive of shrink fit pressure and rotor bar magnetic force.
A large number of research tests have been on around the research work. The measurement of stress on asynchronous traction motor has not been yet done in the stall motor circumstance, so the stress measurement has firstly been taken. The data used in the thesis are from the actual test, and the results are basically consistent with test value, and some useful conclusions have been obtained according to the test results. The conclusions provide the reference basis for the development of similar model traction motor at domestic, and the thesis will help us achieve the purpose of absorption the design technology of traction motor at broad.
引文
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[4]M.Anxo Prieto Alonso,X.M.LopezaFernandez,and Manuel Perez Donsion.Harmonic Effects on Rise of A Squirrel Cage Induction Motor.ICEM 2000.Espoo Finland.August 2000.Helsinki University of Technology:144-147
[5]M.Shanel,S.J Pickering,and D.Lampard.Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics to the Cooling of Salient Electrical Machines.ICEM 2000 Espoo Finland.August 2000.Helsinki University of Technology:338-342
[6]E.Gurevich,and P.Oshurkov.Determination of Rotor Winding Temperature of the Turbogenerator with the Brushless Excitation System.ICEM 2000.Espoo Finland.August 2000.Helsinki University of Technology:f56-160
[7]R,Krok,R.Miksiewicz,and W.Mizia.Modeling of Temperature Fields in Turbogenerator Rotors at Asymmertrical load.ICEM 2000.Espoo Finland.August 2000.Helsinki University of Technology:1005-1009
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[9]张大为,汤蕴缪.大型水轮发电机定子最热段三维温度场的有限元计算.哈尔滨电工学院学报,1992,(3):15-18
[10]Wei Yongtian,and Fu Min.Finite Element Calculation of Rotorcentre Segment 3-dimensional Temperature Field of Large Hydrogenerator.ICEM'96.Harbin,China.1996.Harbin University of Science and Technology:299-303
[11]李德基,白亚民等.绝缘老化对定子温升的影响.大电机技术,1988,(6):25-33
[12]黄学良,胡敏强.电机三维温度场新的有限元计算模型.中国电机工程学报,1998,18(2):78-82
[13]颜威利.三维稳态温度场的有限元法.河北工业大学学报,1984(6):8-13
[L4]方日杰等.用热网络法计算大型水轮发电机定子温度场.大电机技术,1989(1):7-10
[15]徐松,顾国标,李作之.蒸发冷却汽轮发电机转子瞬态负序温度场的计算.电工技术学报,1991,(11):6-10
[16]李伟力,付敏,周封等.基于流体相似理论和三维有限元法计算大中型异步电动机的定子三维温度场.中国电机工程学报,2000,(5):14-17
[17]周封,李伟力,侯云鹏.基于涡流分布系数法的发电机定子温度场计算.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2001:295-299
[18]侯云鹏,李伟力,周封,程树康.大型水轮发电机定子三维温度场的等参元计算.大电机技术,2000,(6):23-26
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