《建筑原理》在线学习系统的研究与实现
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摘要
建立在计算机网络与多媒体技术之上的在线学习系统突破了时空界限,充分利用网络资源为教学服务,构建了以学习者为中心的教学模式,使各种教育资源得到最大限度的利用和优化,实现了教学方式与师生互动方式的变革。随着我国教育现代化进程的推进,这种自主学习方式具有广阔的前景。
本文讨论了在线学习的背景和理论依据,对学习理论进行了研究,探讨了网络教学的新模式,基于《建筑原理》课程设计并实现了一个在线学习系统。对《建筑原理》课程进行教学设计,提取重要知识点,做成课件组件集成到在线学习系统中。在系统详细设计中进行了素材准备、系统模块功能设计,对网页导航策略和交互策略进行了深入研究,并应用到《建筑原理》在线学习系统中,实现网上学习、教师答疑、作业上传下载及批阅、集体讨论、实时在线测试等功能。新的教学模式的应用,给学生提供了一种自主学习的方式,取得了较好的教学效果。
目前在线学习的资源以文字和图片为主,受网络带宽和速度的限制,对于一些复杂的动画、视频还不能很好的应用到在线学习中。也影响了部分人学习的兴趣。不过随着网络技术和多媒体技术的不断发展,这些问题将逐渐得到解决。
该设计模式还可应用到其他的在线学习系统中,利用未来便捷的互联网络,集成多种现代教育技术,构建功能强大的现代化网络教育平台,以适应未来各种教育和学习方式的需要。
The online study systems based on computer network and multimedia break the boundary of space and time, utilize the network resource for teaching, make use of and optimize various education resources, reform the teaching way and interactive model between teachers and students, with the progress of the education modernization, the self-learning has broad prospects.
In this paper, the background and theory basis of the online study has been analyzed first. The theory of learning and the new network-teaching pattern are discussed. The online learning system for "Architectonics" has been constructed. We analysis the course content of "Architectonics" abstractly, the important knowledge spot is extracted as the courseware module to integrate the online learning system. In the process of analysis and design about the online system, functional modles are established. Having done deeper research to the homepage guidance strategy and interactive strategy, and using "Architectonics" in the online system, we realizes the functions: on-line study, answering questions, uploading and downloading file, review, the collective discussion, and real-time online test. This new educational model has provided an independent study way to the students.
Now the most resource of online study system are text or photograph, restricting with the network bandwidth and speed. Complicated animated cartoons and good video are not applied in online study system. This will affect the study interest of some people. However, with the development of the network technology and the multimedia, these problems will be gradually solved.
This pattern may be applied to other online study system. Making use of future convenient Internet and rapid network, integrating various of modern education technology, It is possible toconstruct powerful modernized network education platform to adapt to fit the need of future education.
本文讨论了在线学习的背景和理论依据,对学习理论进行了研究,探讨了网络教学的新模式,基于《建筑原理》课程设计并实现了一个在线学习系统。对《建筑原理》课程进行教学设计,提取重要知识点,做成课件组件集成到在线学习系统中。在系统详细设计中进行了素材准备、系统模块功能设计,对网页导航策略和交互策略进行了深入研究,并应用到《建筑原理》在线学习系统中,实现网上学习、教师答疑、作业上传下载及批阅、集体讨论、实时在线测试等功能。新的教学模式的应用,给学生提供了一种自主学习的方式,取得了较好的教学效果。
目前在线学习的资源以文字和图片为主,受网络带宽和速度的限制,对于一些复杂的动画、视频还不能很好的应用到在线学习中。也影响了部分人学习的兴趣。不过随着网络技术和多媒体技术的不断发展,这些问题将逐渐得到解决。
该设计模式还可应用到其他的在线学习系统中,利用未来便捷的互联网络,集成多种现代教育技术,构建功能强大的现代化网络教育平台,以适应未来各种教育和学习方式的需要。
The online study systems based on computer network and multimedia break the boundary of space and time, utilize the network resource for teaching, make use of and optimize various education resources, reform the teaching way and interactive model between teachers and students, with the progress of the education modernization, the self-learning has broad prospects.
In this paper, the background and theory basis of the online study has been analyzed first. The theory of learning and the new network-teaching pattern are discussed. The online learning system for "Architectonics" has been constructed. We analysis the course content of "Architectonics" abstractly, the important knowledge spot is extracted as the courseware module to integrate the online learning system. In the process of analysis and design about the online system, functional modles are established. Having done deeper research to the homepage guidance strategy and interactive strategy, and using "Architectonics" in the online system, we realizes the functions: on-line study, answering questions, uploading and downloading file, review, the collective discussion, and real-time online test. This new educational model has provided an independent study way to the students.
Now the most resource of online study system are text or photograph, restricting with the network bandwidth and speed. Complicated animated cartoons and good video are not applied in online study system. This will affect the study interest of some people. However, with the development of the network technology and the multimedia, these problems will be gradually solved.
This pattern may be applied to other online study system. Making use of future convenient Internet and rapid network, integrating various of modern education technology, It is possible toconstruct powerful modernized network education platform to adapt to fit the need of future education.
引文
[1]王洪录主编.现代教育技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.19-21.
[2]何克抗,郑永柏,谢幼茹编著.教学系统设计[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002.198-201.
[3]谢幼如,柯清超编著.网络课程的开发与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[4]何克抗.建构主义---革新传统教学的理论基础[J].电化教育研究,2002(03):80-83.
[5]张建伟,陈琦.从认知主义到建构主义[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),1996(04):30-32.
[6]赵兵川,王全旺.在线学习系统比较[J]. 雁北师范学院学报,2005(05):50-52.
[7] 彭聃龄.认知心理学[M].黑龙江:黑龙江教育出版社,1990.
[8]王海燕.信息化环境中高校学生自主学习的教学设计[J].现代教育技术,2004(01):33-34.
[9]王佑镁,钟志贤.多媒体课堂教学软件及其教学效率评价的理论模型、指标体系与方法[J].现代教育技术,2004(01):27-28.
[10]饶克.智能化在线学习系统的设计及预约机制[J].安徽科技,2005(12):34-36.
[11]张佰慧,张麦玲.基于.NET 的多媒体教学系统的设计与实现[J].科技信息(学术版),2006(03):57-58.
[12]Hmelo C E,Ferrari M.The problem-based learning tutorial:Cultivating higher order thinking skills[J].Journal of the Education of the Gifted,1997(4).
[13]任晓丽.网络教学之反思[J].山西高等学校社会科学学报,2006(10):22-24.
[14]陈品德.学习系统的形式化建模研究现状与评析[J]. 现代教育技术,2004(01).
[15]张丽瑰.基于 ASP 技术的在线学习系统[J].软件导刊,2006(13):60-63.
[16]丁秀玲,杨洪常.在线学习-我国企业培训的发展方向[J].科技管理研究,2006(07):58-60.
[17]朱晓菊.基于网络平台教学交互策略设计[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江师范大学,2006.
[18]袁军,郭勇.在线学习系统的特点和设计浅析[J].科技信息(学术版),2007(02):100-102.
[19]方开红,邬春学.一种安全可靠的远程在线学习系统[J]. 电脑开发与应用,2006(05):21-23.
[20] Chris Dede.The Evolution of Constructivist Learning Environments:Immersion in Distributed Virtual Worlds[J].Educational Technology,1995(06).
[21]郑秋匀.基于 Web 的多媒体课件系统的设计与实现[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2004(01):30-31.
[22]钟雁.体现远程网络课程自主式学习的教学[J].现代教育技术,2001(03):42-43.
[23]刘甘娜.开放超媒体系统的链接与导航设计[J].计算机与教育,2001(07):302-305.
[24]姚澜.多媒体组合教学模式的选择与应用[J].吉林省教育学院学报,2005(12):124-125.
[25]夏自谦,韩杏容.网络教学平台的设计与开发[J].中国林业教育,2006(01):25-27.
[26]周勇.基于 WWW 的网上体育教学系统的研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2004(07):47-49.
[27]武宇峰.英语医学术语在线学习课程设计[D]:[硕士学位论文].西安:第四军医大学,2006.
[28]Anderson J R,Reder L M,Simon H A. Situated learning and education [J]. Educational Researcher,1996(4).
[29]韩勇.在线学习系统的设计与实现[J].内蒙古统计,2006(03):41-42.
[30]David Janssen et al. Constructivism and Computer-Mediated Communication in Distance Education [J].The American Journal of Distance Education,1995.9(05).
[31]David Griffiths . Environmental Challenges : Making a Difference in the Classroom[J].Proceedings of CAL 97,1997(09):95-99.
[32]Brent G Wilson , Metaphors for Instruction : Why We Talk About Learning Environments[J],Educational Technology,1995(07).
[33]谢幼如等,“网络教学设计”专业学习网站的设计与开发[J].中国电化教育,2003(05):33-35.
[34]David H Janssen,Lucia Rohrer-Murphy.Activity Theory as a Framework for Designing Constructivist Learning Environment ,Educational Technology Research and Development,1999,47(01):61-79
[35] 余 胜 泉 , 杨 晓 娟 , 何 克 抗 . 基 于 建 构 主 义 的 教 学 设 计 模 式 [EB /OL].http://61.144.60.222:8080/0558/index0.htm,2007-12-1.
[2]何克抗,郑永柏,谢幼茹编著.教学系统设计[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002.198-201.
[3]谢幼如,柯清超编著.网络课程的开发与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[4]何克抗.建构主义---革新传统教学的理论基础[J].电化教育研究,2002(03):80-83.
[5]张建伟,陈琦.从认知主义到建构主义[J].北京师范大学学报(社科版),1996(04):30-32.
[6]赵兵川,王全旺.在线学习系统比较[J]. 雁北师范学院学报,2005(05):50-52.
[7] 彭聃龄.认知心理学[M].黑龙江:黑龙江教育出版社,1990.
[8]王海燕.信息化环境中高校学生自主学习的教学设计[J].现代教育技术,2004(01):33-34.
[9]王佑镁,钟志贤.多媒体课堂教学软件及其教学效率评价的理论模型、指标体系与方法[J].现代教育技术,2004(01):27-28.
[10]饶克.智能化在线学习系统的设计及预约机制[J].安徽科技,2005(12):34-36.
[11]张佰慧,张麦玲.基于.NET 的多媒体教学系统的设计与实现[J].科技信息(学术版),2006(03):57-58.
[12]Hmelo C E,Ferrari M.The problem-based learning tutorial:Cultivating higher order thinking skills[J].Journal of the Education of the Gifted,1997(4).
[13]任晓丽.网络教学之反思[J].山西高等学校社会科学学报,2006(10):22-24.
[14]陈品德.学习系统的形式化建模研究现状与评析[J]. 现代教育技术,2004(01).
[15]张丽瑰.基于 ASP 技术的在线学习系统[J].软件导刊,2006(13):60-63.
[16]丁秀玲,杨洪常.在线学习-我国企业培训的发展方向[J].科技管理研究,2006(07):58-60.
[17]朱晓菊.基于网络平台教学交互策略设计[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江师范大学,2006.
[18]袁军,郭勇.在线学习系统的特点和设计浅析[J].科技信息(学术版),2007(02):100-102.
[19]方开红,邬春学.一种安全可靠的远程在线学习系统[J]. 电脑开发与应用,2006(05):21-23.
[20] Chris Dede.The Evolution of Constructivist Learning Environments:Immersion in Distributed Virtual Worlds[J].Educational Technology,1995(06).
[21]郑秋匀.基于 Web 的多媒体课件系统的设计与实现[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2004(01):30-31.
[22]钟雁.体现远程网络课程自主式学习的教学[J].现代教育技术,2001(03):42-43.
[23]刘甘娜.开放超媒体系统的链接与导航设计[J].计算机与教育,2001(07):302-305.
[24]姚澜.多媒体组合教学模式的选择与应用[J].吉林省教育学院学报,2005(12):124-125.
[25]夏自谦,韩杏容.网络教学平台的设计与开发[J].中国林业教育,2006(01):25-27.
[26]周勇.基于 WWW 的网上体育教学系统的研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2004(07):47-49.
[27]武宇峰.英语医学术语在线学习课程设计[D]:[硕士学位论文].西安:第四军医大学,2006.
[28]Anderson J R,Reder L M,Simon H A. Situated learning and education [J]. Educational Researcher,1996(4).
[29]韩勇.在线学习系统的设计与实现[J].内蒙古统计,2006(03):41-42.
[30]David Janssen et al. Constructivism and Computer-Mediated Communication in Distance Education [J].The American Journal of Distance Education,1995.9(05).
[31]David Griffiths . Environmental Challenges : Making a Difference in the Classroom[J].Proceedings of CAL 97,1997(09):95-99.
[32]Brent G Wilson , Metaphors for Instruction : Why We Talk About Learning Environments[J],Educational Technology,1995(07).
[33]谢幼如等,“网络教学设计”专业学习网站的设计与开发[J].中国电化教育,2003(05):33-35.
[34]David H Janssen,Lucia Rohrer-Murphy.Activity Theory as a Framework for Designing Constructivist Learning Environment ,Educational Technology Research and Development,1999,47(01):61-79
[35] 余 胜 泉 , 杨 晓 娟 , 何 克 抗 . 基 于 建 构 主 义 的 教 学 设 计 模 式 [EB /OL].http://61.144.60.222:8080/0558/index0.htm,2007-12-1.
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