基于双CPU的UPS控制技术研究
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摘要
随着用电设备对供电质量的要求越来越高，不间断电源获得了广泛的应用，与此同时UPS的数字化控制成为其发展趋势之一。
文中对UPS逆变器数字化PID控制进行了理论分析和仿真，在此基础之上提出了逆变器电压瞬时值和有效值双闭环的控制方案。设计了用于逆变器数字化控制的采样调理电路，结合TMS320F240的硬件资源，通过软件实现了UPS系统的缓起动和市电跟踪，并改进了逆变器电压瞬时值控制，通过引入输出电流中心值检测，对反馈电压进行补偿，解决了逆变器输出的偏磁问题。
研究了UPS的监控技术，设计了基于TMS320F240和89C51双CPU的UPS监控系统，通过软件实现了UPS系统的故障检测及处理、人机接口和网络通信监控功能。
实验验证了设计方案的可行性和实用性，为以后的研究工作建立了重要的基础。
With information technology developing more and more UPS are used. The digital control tends to be one of the promising methods in the UPS control technology
This thesis discusses the theories of digital control of UPS. The PID control of output voltage feedback is easy to give attention to static and dynamic performance of the control system. Output performance of inverter of UPS is improved when RMS of output voltage feedback is added to PID control system. The hardware and software is designed in order to achieve the digital PID control of inverter of UPS.
Supervision based on DSP and MCU for UPS is discusses in this thesis also,which includes malfunction monitoring and protecting,communication between UPS and PC. And the hardware and software of supervision for UPS is designed.
Analysis,simulations and experiments have verified the system's feasibility and practicability. The research in the thesis has paved a way for the further research and application in the digital control of UPS.
文中对UPS逆变器数字化PID控制进行了理论分析和仿真，在此基础之上提出了逆变器电压瞬时值和有效值双闭环的控制方案。设计了用于逆变器数字化控制的采样调理电路，结合TMS320F240的硬件资源，通过软件实现了UPS系统的缓起动和市电跟踪，并改进了逆变器电压瞬时值控制，通过引入输出电流中心值检测，对反馈电压进行补偿，解决了逆变器输出的偏磁问题。
研究了UPS的监控技术，设计了基于TMS320F240和89C51双CPU的UPS监控系统，通过软件实现了UPS系统的故障检测及处理、人机接口和网络通信监控功能。
实验验证了设计方案的可行性和实用性，为以后的研究工作建立了重要的基础。
With information technology developing more and more UPS are used. The digital control tends to be one of the promising methods in the UPS control technology
This thesis discusses the theories of digital control of UPS. The PID control of output voltage feedback is easy to give attention to static and dynamic performance of the control system. Output performance of inverter of UPS is improved when RMS of output voltage feedback is added to PID control system. The hardware and software is designed in order to achieve the digital PID control of inverter of UPS.
Supervision based on DSP and MCU for UPS is discusses in this thesis also,which includes malfunction monitoring and protecting,communication between UPS and PC. And the hardware and software of supervision for UPS is designed.
Analysis,simulations and experiments have verified the system's feasibility and practicability. The research in the thesis has paved a way for the further research and application in the digital control of UPS.
引文
[1] 杨碧石，UPS电源新技术及应用，现代电子技术，2002年第2期，pp13-14
[2] 陈伯时，信息化时代的电气传动，APSC'2002，2002年10月，pp1-10
[3] 许传朝，续写辉煌——UPS电源产品新发展，微电脑世界，2001年第52期
[4] 刘红玲，詹跃东，UPS电源技术发展新动态，电源世界，2000年第2期，pp8-11
[5] 张育铭，UPS产品的设计趋势，电源世界，2000年第2期，pp1-3
[6] 钱照明，吴红缨，不间断电源系统UPS的新技术，电工技术学报，1999年第14期
[7] 吴琪明，国外UPS的最新技术，通信世界1996年第8期，pp44-45
[8] 陈宗器，不间断电源发展综述，电气传动自动化，1995年2月，第17卷第1期，pp3-9
[9] 王晓秋，几种常见UPS的优缺点(一)，电源世界，2000年第5期
[10] 高军，黎辉，杨旭，王兆安，UPS逆变器数字化控制技术，电工技术杂志，2001年第12期，pp6-9
[11] 赵争鸣，蔡宣三，蒋晓华，黄立培，李永东，第三届国际电力电子与运动控制会议综述，变频器世界，2001年第3期
[12] 程远楚，离散PID算法的分析与改进，测控技术，1997年第16卷第1期，pp9—11
[13] 高军，黎辉，杨旭，王兆安，基于PID控制和重复控制的正弦波逆变电源研究，电工电能新技术，2002年第21卷第1期，pp1—4
[14] 张凯，康勇，熊健，陈坚，UPS逆变电源重复控制技术研究，华中理工大学学报，28(6)：34-36
[15] Wilhelm Solter, A New International UPS Classification by IEC 62040-3, Telecommunications Energy Conference, 2002. INTELEC. 24th Annual International, 2002, pp541-545
[16] Liviu Mihalache, DSP Control Method of Single-Phase Inverters for UPS Applications, Proceedings of 17th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, Mar. 10-14, 2002,13.5 (CD-ROM)
[17] Jian Chen, Shanxu Duan, Xinchun Lin, Xuejun Pei, Yong Kang, Analysis and design of the DSP-based fully digital-controlled UPS, Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2001 Proceedings, 2001 4th IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 1, 22-25 Oct 2001, pp 296-300
[18] Che-Hung Lai, E. Chen, Shiu-Yung Lin, Ya-Tsung Feng, Ying-Yu Tzou, DSP-based fully digital control of an on-line UPS, Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2001 Proceedings, 2001 4th IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 1, 22-25 Oct 2001, pp 301-305
[19] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, To design a optimized PID controller of a single phase power factor pre-regulator for an on-line UPS-GA approach, Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 1997. IECON 97.23rd International Conference on, Volume: 1, 9-14 Nov 1997, pp 343 -347 vol.
[20] Chen Jian, Kang Yong, Xiong Jian, Zhang Hui, Zhang Kai, Study on an inverter with pole assignment and repetitive control for UPS applications Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2000. Proceedings. PIEMC 2000. The Third International, Volume: 2, 2000, pp 650 -653 vol.2
[21] A. Daneshpooy, Dead-beat control of parallel connected UPS, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2002. APEC 2002. Seventeenth Annual IEEE, Volume: 1, 2002, pp 580-583 vol.1
[22] S. J. Chiang, T. S. Lee, T. L. Tai, Variable structure control of UPS inverters, Electric Power Applications, IEE Proceedings, Volume: 145 Issue: 6, Nov 1998, pp 559 -567
[23] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, Fuzzy logic and digital PI control of single phase power factor preregulator for an online UPS-a comparative study, Industrial Technology, 1996. (ICIT '96), Proceedings of The IEEE International Conference on, 2-6 Dec 1996, pp 103-107
[24] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, A practical and low cost PWM battery charger using fuzzy logic control for UPS application Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1994. INTELEC'94. 16th International, 30 Oct-3 Nov 1994, pp 443-450
[25] Dehong Xu, F.H.F. Leung, Xiao Sun, Yim-Shu Lee, Yousheng Wang, Neural-network-controlled single-phase UPS inverters with improved transient response and adaptability to various loads Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 1999. PEDS'99. Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 International Conference on, Volume: 2, 1999, pp 865-870 vol.2
[26] C.A. Bennett, J.M. Noworolski, Z. Noworolski, A microcomputer-based UPS battery management system Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1991. APEC'91. Conference Proceedings, 1991, Sixth Annual, 10-15 Mar 1991, pp 475-479
[27] J.N. Fiorina, M. Fraisse, J.P. Gun, H. Mabboux, Increasing UPS battery life main failure modes, charging and monitoring solutions Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1997. INTELEC 97, 19th International, 19-23 Oct 1997, pp 389-396
[28] 林征宇，吴建德，何湘宁，基于DSP带同步锁相的逆变器控制，电力电子技术，2001．2，pp24-28
[29] 陈国呈，PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术，机械工业出版社，北京，2001年3月
[30] D. M. Divan, Inverter Topologies and Control Technique for sinusoidal Output Power Supply, IEEE APEC'91, pp81-8
[31] S. Lee, J. Kang, S. Sul, A New Phase Detecting Method for Power Conversion Systems Considering Distorted Conditions in Power System, Proceeding of IAS Annual Meeting, pp2167-2173, 1999
[32] V. Kaura, V. Blasko, Operation of A Phase Locked Loop System Under Distorted Utility Conditions, IEEE trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 33, no. 1, pp58-63, 1997
[33] 赵修科，高自强，全桥变换器中输出变压器偏磁的调节，南京航空航天大学学报，第27卷第6期，pp8842-845
[34] 李宏，周继华，李治典，全桥逆变电路抗偏磁应用研究，电力电子技术，1998年第3期，pp61-63
[35] 罗建武，罗文杰，偏磁的起因和消除方法，电工技术学报，第14卷第6期，pp73-77
[36] 高军，杨旭，王兆安，正弦波逆变电源抗偏磁电路的研究，电工电能新技术，2000年04期，pp9-11
[37] Jun Gao, Xianghua Zhao, Yang Xu, Zhaoan Wang. The Research on Avoiding Flux Imbalance in Sinusoidal Wave Inverter. IPEMC 2000 Vol.3, pp. 1122-1126
[2] 陈伯时，信息化时代的电气传动，APSC'2002，2002年10月，pp1-10
[3] 许传朝，续写辉煌——UPS电源产品新发展，微电脑世界，2001年第52期
[4] 刘红玲，詹跃东，UPS电源技术发展新动态，电源世界，2000年第2期，pp8-11
[5] 张育铭，UPS产品的设计趋势，电源世界，2000年第2期，pp1-3
[6] 钱照明，吴红缨，不间断电源系统UPS的新技术，电工技术学报，1999年第14期
[7] 吴琪明，国外UPS的最新技术，通信世界1996年第8期，pp44-45
[8] 陈宗器，不间断电源发展综述，电气传动自动化，1995年2月，第17卷第1期，pp3-9
[9] 王晓秋，几种常见UPS的优缺点(一)，电源世界，2000年第5期
[10] 高军，黎辉，杨旭，王兆安，UPS逆变器数字化控制技术，电工技术杂志，2001年第12期，pp6-9
[11] 赵争鸣，蔡宣三，蒋晓华，黄立培，李永东，第三届国际电力电子与运动控制会议综述，变频器世界，2001年第3期
[12] 程远楚，离散PID算法的分析与改进，测控技术，1997年第16卷第1期，pp9—11
[13] 高军，黎辉，杨旭，王兆安，基于PID控制和重复控制的正弦波逆变电源研究，电工电能新技术，2002年第21卷第1期，pp1—4
[14] 张凯，康勇，熊健，陈坚，UPS逆变电源重复控制技术研究，华中理工大学学报，28(6)：34-36
[15] Wilhelm Solter, A New International UPS Classification by IEC 62040-3, Telecommunications Energy Conference, 2002. INTELEC. 24th Annual International, 2002, pp541-545
[16] Liviu Mihalache, DSP Control Method of Single-Phase Inverters for UPS Applications, Proceedings of 17th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, Mar. 10-14, 2002,13.5 (CD-ROM)
[17] Jian Chen, Shanxu Duan, Xinchun Lin, Xuejun Pei, Yong Kang, Analysis and design of the DSP-based fully digital-controlled UPS, Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2001 Proceedings, 2001 4th IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 1, 22-25 Oct 2001, pp 296-300
[18] Che-Hung Lai, E. Chen, Shiu-Yung Lin, Ya-Tsung Feng, Ying-Yu Tzou, DSP-based fully digital control of an on-line UPS, Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2001 Proceedings, 2001 4th IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 1, 22-25 Oct 2001, pp 301-305
[19] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, To design a optimized PID controller of a single phase power factor pre-regulator for an on-line UPS-GA approach, Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 1997. IECON 97.23rd International Conference on, Volume: 1, 9-14 Nov 1997, pp 343 -347 vol.
[20] Chen Jian, Kang Yong, Xiong Jian, Zhang Hui, Zhang Kai, Study on an inverter with pole assignment and repetitive control for UPS applications Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2000. Proceedings. PIEMC 2000. The Third International, Volume: 2, 2000, pp 650 -653 vol.2
[21] A. Daneshpooy, Dead-beat control of parallel connected UPS, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2002. APEC 2002. Seventeenth Annual IEEE, Volume: 1, 2002, pp 580-583 vol.1
[22] S. J. Chiang, T. S. Lee, T. L. Tai, Variable structure control of UPS inverters, Electric Power Applications, IEE Proceedings, Volume: 145 Issue: 6, Nov 1998, pp 559 -567
[23] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, Fuzzy logic and digital PI control of single phase power factor preregulator for an online UPS-a comparative study, Industrial Technology, 1996. (ICIT '96), Proceedings of The IEEE International Conference on, 2-6 Dec 1996, pp 103-107
[24] Shanshan Du, Yu Qin, A practical and low cost PWM battery charger using fuzzy logic control for UPS application Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1994. INTELEC'94. 16th International, 30 Oct-3 Nov 1994, pp 443-450
[25] Dehong Xu, F.H.F. Leung, Xiao Sun, Yim-Shu Lee, Yousheng Wang, Neural-network-controlled single-phase UPS inverters with improved transient response and adaptability to various loads Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 1999. PEDS'99. Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 International Conference on, Volume: 2, 1999, pp 865-870 vol.2
[26] C.A. Bennett, J.M. Noworolski, Z. Noworolski, A microcomputer-based UPS battery management system Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1991. APEC'91. Conference Proceedings, 1991, Sixth Annual, 10-15 Mar 1991, pp 475-479
[27] J.N. Fiorina, M. Fraisse, J.P. Gun, H. Mabboux, Increasing UPS battery life main failure modes, charging and monitoring solutions Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1997. INTELEC 97, 19th International, 19-23 Oct 1997, pp 389-396
[28] 林征宇，吴建德，何湘宁，基于DSP带同步锁相的逆变器控制，电力电子技术，2001．2，pp24-28
[29] 陈国呈，PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术，机械工业出版社，北京，2001年3月
[30] D. M. Divan, Inverter Topologies and Control Technique for sinusoidal Output Power Supply, IEEE APEC'91, pp81-8
[31] S. Lee, J. Kang, S. Sul, A New Phase Detecting Method for Power Conversion Systems Considering Distorted Conditions in Power System, Proceeding of IAS Annual Meeting, pp2167-2173, 1999
[32] V. Kaura, V. Blasko, Operation of A Phase Locked Loop System Under Distorted Utility Conditions, IEEE trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 33, no. 1, pp58-63, 1997
[33] 赵修科，高自强，全桥变换器中输出变压器偏磁的调节，南京航空航天大学学报，第27卷第6期，pp8842-845
[34] 李宏，周继华，李治典，全桥逆变电路抗偏磁应用研究，电力电子技术，1998年第3期，pp61-63
[35] 罗建武，罗文杰，偏磁的起因和消除方法，电工技术学报，第14卷第6期，pp73-77
[36] 高军，杨旭，王兆安，正弦波逆变电源抗偏磁电路的研究，电工电能新技术，2000年04期，pp9-11
[37] Jun Gao, Xianghua Zhao, Yang Xu, Zhaoan Wang. The Research on Avoiding Flux Imbalance in Sinusoidal Wave Inverter. IPEMC 2000 Vol.3, pp. 1122-1126
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