基于WEB SERVICES的电子政务模型的研究与应用
摘要
电子政务系统把政府对公众的服务移植到了Internet上，将实现政府管理性职能向服务性职能的转变，是当前衡量一个国家信息化的最重要条件。尽管在各级部门的大力推广下，政府部门的信息化建设取得了很好的效果，然而整个电子政务的发展却存在一些急需解决的问题，如：没有统一规划，各个异构系统相对孤立，没有扩展性等等。另一方面分布式技术的发展产生了可以构建松散耦合分布式系统的Web Services技术，整个Web Services技术系列被称为是“Web Services stack"，包括服务调用协议SOAP、服务描述协议WSDL和服务发现/集成协议UDDI等。Web Services技术使用基于XML的SOAP协议实现应用与服务之间的通信，用WSDL文件对服务进行标准的描述。结合上述两方面问题，本文利用分布式系统的新技术Web Services，提出了基于Web Services的电子政务模型（WS—EG）并给出两个具体实例，对其中涉及的技术问题如：政府UDDI（G-UDDI）模型，现有代码到Web Services过渡，基于Web Services的数据库访问等给出了详细的解决方法。最后本文对WS—EG模型的节点实例——公安消防部队管理信息系统的几个重要模块：信息录入，批量修改，人员调动，建制管理，数据同步等的设计和实现做了详细的阐述，并对其中涉及的Web Services群及其在整个WS—EG中的作用做了说明。
E-Government system can transplant government service to the Internet, and change directorial function of government into service function .It is a very important criterion of evaluating a country's standard of informatization.
Although our governmental standard of informatization, popularized by lots of departments of government, has made quiet great progress, there are also many questions that need settling urgently, for example, information construction without whole programming, existent system with over many isolated subsystems, existent system without expansibility, etc. On the other hand, development of distributed technology creates Web Services technology that can be used to construct loosely coupled distributed system. A series interrelated Web Services technology can be named as "Web Services stack", including SOAP for transferring services, WSDL for services description and UDDI for services discovery integration and so on. Web Services implement communication between applications and services by XML-based SOAP, and descript services by XML-based WSDL files.
After putting forward an E-Government model based on Web Services (WS-EG) and showing two examples based on the model, this paper deals with many technology questions such as framework of E-UDDI model, how to transfer existing codes into Web Services, Web Services-based database access and so on, and expatiates the design process of Fire Management Information System (FMIS), especially some important subsystems such as inputting information subsystem, batch amending subsystem, people translating subsystem, organizational system management subsystem, data synchronization subsystem etc. Lastly, the paper analyzes the action of Web Services Collections in FMIS and WS-EG..
E-Government system can transplant government service to the Internet, and change directorial function of government into service function .It is a very important criterion of evaluating a country's standard of informatization.
Although our governmental standard of informatization, popularized by lots of departments of government, has made quiet great progress, there are also many questions that need settling urgently, for example, information construction without whole programming, existent system with over many isolated subsystems, existent system without expansibility, etc. On the other hand, development of distributed technology creates Web Services technology that can be used to construct loosely coupled distributed system. A series interrelated Web Services technology can be named as "Web Services stack", including SOAP for transferring services, WSDL for services description and UDDI for services discovery integration and so on. Web Services implement communication between applications and services by XML-based SOAP, and descript services by XML-based WSDL files.
After putting forward an E-Government model based on Web Services (WS-EG) and showing two examples based on the model, this paper deals with many technology questions such as framework of E-UDDI model, how to transfer existing codes into Web Services, Web Services-based database access and so on, and expatiates the design process of Fire Management Information System (FMIS), especially some important subsystems such as inputting information subsystem, batch amending subsystem, people translating subsystem, organizational system management subsystem, data synchronization subsystem etc. Lastly, the paper analyzes the action of Web Services Collections in FMIS and WS-EG..
引文
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8 陈福荣,董英斌,高明霞等. 基于XML的政府信息集成框架. 计算机应用研究， 2002，12增刊
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11 Lee Buck. Modeling Relational Data in XML . http://www.tensibility.com/tibco/resources/modeling.htm. 2001.11
12 Microsoft Corporation. XML sdk Documentation. http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml 2003.2
13 Micro Modeling Associates公司. 微软电子商务解决方案. 人民邮电出版社. 2001
14 吴扬扬，陈锻生. 一个基于XML的WEB信息源集成方案. 计算机工程与应用. 2001，10
[美]Robert Joberg著，刘谦，苏建平等译. 深入学习：COM+高级编程. 电子工业出版社.
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16 Richard Monson Haefel著. 朱小明，周琳等译. Enterprise JavaBeans. 中国电力出版社. 2001,3
17 [美]Durt Cagle著，周先炳，肖伟译. XML高级开发指南. 电子工业出版社. 2001,6
18 [美] 微软公司. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 XML 和 Internet 支持. 科学出版社. 2000,10
19 [美] 微软公司. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 数据库开发手册. 科学出版社. 2000,10
20 郝颖,丁月华,文贵华. 基于XML的Internet EDI. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版). 2001,6
21 阎丽霞. 基于Internet/Intranet的WWW数据库系统开发. 计算机工程与应用.2000,2
22 周新莲,蔡培中 构建XML在电子商务中应用的研究与开发 计算机工程与应用 2002,2
23 涂智寿 一种新的电子商务技术-----Web服务技术 重庆商学院学报 2002,2
24 周宏仁 电子政务全球透视与我国电子政务的发展 信息化建设 2002,4
25 娄策群 论电子政务与电子商务的关系 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版) 2002，2
26 Anita W. Huang, Neel Sundaresan A semantic transcoding system to adapt Web services for users with disabilities The fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies (November 2000)
27 Marco Conti,Mohan Kumar,Sajal K. Das etc Quality of service issues in Intenet web services IEEE Transactions on Computers (June 2002)Volume: 51 Issue: 6
28 Michael Stal Web services: beyond component-based computing Communications of the ACM (October 2002) Volume: 45 Issue: 10
29 Win Treese XML, web services, and XML netWorker (September 2002)Volume: 6 Issue: 3
30 Thomas Ronk,Jeff Weyer "Ruling" the world of web services: application servers from Java beans PC AI (May 2001) Volume: 15 Issue: 3
31 李东,周晓宇,徐宝文 SOAP及其对Web服务的影响 计算机工程与应用 2002,12
32 程炜,杨宗凯,乐春晖 基于Web Service的一种分布式体系结构 计算机应用研究 2002,3
33 周刚，朱晴波，胡南军等 Web 服务解决方案分析 计算机工程 2002,6
34 张蒲生 政府机关网络系统的设计与研究 计算机工程 2001,8
35 柴晓路 Web 服务架构与开发互操作技术 清华大学出版社 2002,6
36 Steve Kirk,Priya Dhawan 使用SOAP Toolkit2.0版将现有代码作为 Web 服务提供 Microsoft Developer Network
37 Steve Hoag 在安装期间将应用程序重定向到不同的 XML Web services Visual Studio Team Microsoft Corporation 2001 年 11 月
38 黎献勇,李劲 将应用程序的功能封装成为Web Services IBM:developerWorks 中国网站 2002 年 5 月
39 ccBoy 透视和调整你的企业和商务系统 CSDN 文档中心 2001,10
40 Jeri Dube, David Sink Do you need web services? E-business Advisor (December 2000) Volume: 18 Issue: 12
41 Bill Evjen XML Web Services with ASP.NET Edition: 1st (May 2002)
42 Agemo（翻译） 深入理解基层知识(com+和mts, dcom和msmq) CSDN文档中心
43 UDDI-China.org UDDI Version 2.0 Data Structure Reference (Chinese) http://www.uddi-china.org
44 UDDI-China.org UDDI Version 2.0 API Specification (Chinese) http://www.uddi-china.org
2 The World Wide Web Consortium. Web Servicess Glossary. http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-ws-gloss-20021114/. 2002,11
3 The World Wide Web Consortium. Web Servicess Architecture Requirements. http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-wsa-reqs-20021114. 2002,11
4 The World Wide Web Consortium. Web Servicess Architecture. http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-ws-arch-20021114/. 2002,11
5 The World Wide Web Consortium. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1:Messaging Framework.http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/CR-soap12-part1-20021219/. 2002.12
6 The World Wide Web Consortium. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts. http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/CR-soap12-part2-20021219/. 2002.12
7 The World Wide Web Consortium. Web Servicess Description Language (WSDL) Version 1.2. http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-wsdl12-20030303/. 2003.3
8 陈福荣,董英斌,高明霞等. 基于XML的政府信息集成框架. 计算机应用研究， 2002，12增刊
9 柴晓路. SOAP 技术与B2B应用集成 . http://cn.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/soap/.2001.
10 中国XML联盟. 查询和转换XML . http://www.xml.org.cn/. 2001,8.
11 Lee Buck. Modeling Relational Data in XML . http://www.tensibility.com/tibco/resources/modeling.htm. 2001.11
12 Microsoft Corporation. XML sdk Documentation. http://msdn.microsoft.com/xml 2003.2
13 Micro Modeling Associates公司. 微软电子商务解决方案. 人民邮电出版社. 2001
14 吴扬扬，陈锻生. 一个基于XML的WEB信息源集成方案. 计算机工程与应用. 2001，10
[美]Robert Joberg著，刘谦，苏建平等译. 深入学习：COM+高级编程. 电子工业出版社.
15 2001
16 Richard Monson Haefel著. 朱小明，周琳等译. Enterprise JavaBeans. 中国电力出版社. 2001,3
17 [美]Durt Cagle著，周先炳，肖伟译. XML高级开发指南. 电子工业出版社. 2001,6
18 [美] 微软公司. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 XML 和 Internet 支持. 科学出版社. 2000,10
19 [美] 微软公司. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 数据库开发手册. 科学出版社. 2000,10
20 郝颖,丁月华,文贵华. 基于XML的Internet EDI. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版). 2001,6
21 阎丽霞. 基于Internet/Intranet的WWW数据库系统开发. 计算机工程与应用.2000,2
22 周新莲,蔡培中 构建XML在电子商务中应用的研究与开发 计算机工程与应用 2002,2
23 涂智寿 一种新的电子商务技术-----Web服务技术 重庆商学院学报 2002,2
24 周宏仁 电子政务全球透视与我国电子政务的发展 信息化建设 2002,4
25 娄策群 论电子政务与电子商务的关系 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版) 2002，2
26 Anita W. Huang, Neel Sundaresan A semantic transcoding system to adapt Web services for users with disabilities The fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies (November 2000)
27 Marco Conti,Mohan Kumar,Sajal K. Das etc Quality of service issues in Intenet web services IEEE Transactions on Computers (June 2002)Volume: 51 Issue: 6
28 Michael Stal Web services: beyond component-based computing Communications of the ACM (October 2002) Volume: 45 Issue: 10
29 Win Treese XML, web services, and XML netWorker (September 2002)Volume: 6 Issue: 3
30 Thomas Ronk,Jeff Weyer "Ruling" the world of web services: application servers from Java beans PC AI (May 2001) Volume: 15 Issue: 3
31 李东,周晓宇,徐宝文 SOAP及其对Web服务的影响 计算机工程与应用 2002,12
32 程炜,杨宗凯,乐春晖 基于Web Service的一种分布式体系结构 计算机应用研究 2002,3
33 周刚，朱晴波，胡南军等 Web 服务解决方案分析 计算机工程 2002,6
34 张蒲生 政府机关网络系统的设计与研究 计算机工程 2001,8
35 柴晓路 Web 服务架构与开发互操作技术 清华大学出版社 2002,6
36 Steve Kirk,Priya Dhawan 使用SOAP Toolkit2.0版将现有代码作为 Web 服务提供 Microsoft Developer Network
37 Steve Hoag 在安装期间将应用程序重定向到不同的 XML Web services Visual Studio Team Microsoft Corporation 2001 年 11 月
38 黎献勇,李劲 将应用程序的功能封装成为Web Services IBM:developerWorks 中国网站 2002 年 5 月
39 ccBoy 透视和调整你的企业和商务系统 CSDN 文档中心 2001,10
40 Jeri Dube, David Sink Do you need web services? E-business Advisor (December 2000) Volume: 18 Issue: 12
41 Bill Evjen XML Web Services with ASP.NET Edition: 1st (May 2002)
42 Agemo（翻译） 深入理解基层知识(com+和mts, dcom和msmq) CSDN文档中心
43 UDDI-China.org UDDI Version 2.0 Data Structure Reference (Chinese) http://www.uddi-china.org
44 UDDI-China.org UDDI Version 2.0 API Specification (Chinese) http://www.uddi-china.org
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