铁路客运营销调度指挥信息系统设计与相关问题研究
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摘要
本论文以各铁路局成立客运公司后独立核算的业务模式为研究对象，以现代铁路客运组织原理为基本设计思想，综合应用信息处理、计算机网络等技术，致力于设计和实现一个铁路客运营销调度指挥信息系统。
论文首先对业务应用需求进行了详细分析，然后依据某铁路局的运输实际，设计了三个地区数据库，由四个局域网组成广域网的框架，并在此基础上确定系统功能和软硬件使用配置。
论文将本系统划分为客流信息管理、营销策划、车辆调度、运行监控四个核心子系统，通过软件实现数据录入、信息分析、管理、维护、应用等功能。重点对客流预测分析、趟车盈亏核算算法、模拟调车实现进行了分析，并对功能实现过程中遇到的问题进行了讨论。
系统采用客户机/服务器工作模式，以数据库为中心，引入知识库方法组织分析客运信息数据。论文综合利用图形、表格实现客流预测，得出客车加、停、甩、挂等实时需求信息，进行客运营销策划，设计开行方案。通过对趟车盈亏核算和修正核算算法进行比选。利用计算机图形技术生成电子车牌，并在此基础上提出虚拟股道设想，实现直观的车辆模拟调度，指导资源配置。本论文还讨论了设计实现过程中进一步完善铁路内部运输生产网的安全策略及系统优化问题。
最后，论文给出了研究工作总结，并对后期系统改进提出建议。
Taking the independent accounting operation mode of the newly established railway passenger transport company as the research object, and based on the basic principle of the modern railway passenger transport management, and the integrated technologies such as information processing and computer network, this thesis aims at designing and implementing a Railway Passenger Transport Marketing and Scheduling Information System (RPTMSIS)..
The thesis begins with the analysis of the operation application demand, then, based on the practical case of a specific railway bureau, three regional databases are established, and system functions and hardware & software configurations are sorted out, which are built on a WAN (Wide Area Network) framework consisting of four LANs (Local Area Network)..
In this thesis, the overall system is divided into four subsystems, that is, passenger information management, marketing and planning, vehicle scheduling, and .operation monitoring. Various system functions including data input, information analysis, administration, maintenance and application are implemented by software. Our emphasis is placed on the passenger flow prediction, evaluation of the running vehicle profit and loss, and the simulation of vehicle scheduling. Besides, the related problems encountered in the realization process are discussed.
Based on the client/server model, and centered on the system database, this thesis organizes the passenger operation data by introducing knowledge warehouse method. By making full use of graphics and tables to realize the passenger flow prediction, real-time information such as passenger vehicle addition, suspension, cancellation and holding, are obtained, and the passenger transport planning and design are carried out. Selection is made through the algorithm comparison and modification of running vehicle profit and loss. Impose computer graph technology to make electronic vehicle tallies, In addition, the concept of virtual rail track is proposed based on the electronic vehicle board with the help
of computer graphics, in order to realize intuitionistic simulation on vehicle scheduling, and to configure resources. Further improvement on the security policies and system optimization in railway operation network is also discussed in this thesis.
Finally, the thesis summarizes the research work and points out the future directions and suggestions of the system development.
论文首先对业务应用需求进行了详细分析，然后依据某铁路局的运输实际，设计了三个地区数据库，由四个局域网组成广域网的框架，并在此基础上确定系统功能和软硬件使用配置。
论文将本系统划分为客流信息管理、营销策划、车辆调度、运行监控四个核心子系统，通过软件实现数据录入、信息分析、管理、维护、应用等功能。重点对客流预测分析、趟车盈亏核算算法、模拟调车实现进行了分析，并对功能实现过程中遇到的问题进行了讨论。
系统采用客户机/服务器工作模式，以数据库为中心，引入知识库方法组织分析客运信息数据。论文综合利用图形、表格实现客流预测，得出客车加、停、甩、挂等实时需求信息，进行客运营销策划，设计开行方案。通过对趟车盈亏核算和修正核算算法进行比选。利用计算机图形技术生成电子车牌，并在此基础上提出虚拟股道设想，实现直观的车辆模拟调度，指导资源配置。本论文还讨论了设计实现过程中进一步完善铁路内部运输生产网的安全策略及系统优化问题。
最后，论文给出了研究工作总结，并对后期系统改进提出建议。
Taking the independent accounting operation mode of the newly established railway passenger transport company as the research object, and based on the basic principle of the modern railway passenger transport management, and the integrated technologies such as information processing and computer network, this thesis aims at designing and implementing a Railway Passenger Transport Marketing and Scheduling Information System (RPTMSIS)..
The thesis begins with the analysis of the operation application demand, then, based on the practical case of a specific railway bureau, three regional databases are established, and system functions and hardware & software configurations are sorted out, which are built on a WAN (Wide Area Network) framework consisting of four LANs (Local Area Network)..
In this thesis, the overall system is divided into four subsystems, that is, passenger information management, marketing and planning, vehicle scheduling, and .operation monitoring. Various system functions including data input, information analysis, administration, maintenance and application are implemented by software. Our emphasis is placed on the passenger flow prediction, evaluation of the running vehicle profit and loss, and the simulation of vehicle scheduling. Besides, the related problems encountered in the realization process are discussed.
Based on the client/server model, and centered on the system database, this thesis organizes the passenger operation data by introducing knowledge warehouse method. By making full use of graphics and tables to realize the passenger flow prediction, real-time information such as passenger vehicle addition, suspension, cancellation and holding, are obtained, and the passenger transport planning and design are carried out. Selection is made through the algorithm comparison and modification of running vehicle profit and loss. Impose computer graph technology to make electronic vehicle tallies, In addition, the concept of virtual rail track is proposed based on the electronic vehicle board with the help
of computer graphics, in order to realize intuitionistic simulation on vehicle scheduling, and to configure resources. Further improvement on the security policies and system optimization in railway operation network is also discussed in this thesis.
Finally, the thesis summarizes the research work and points out the future directions and suggestions of the system development.
引文
[1]Zhou Lixin, Deng Yi. Primary Study of Marketing Information System for Passenger Transport. Railway Transport and Economy. No. 3, 2001: pp33-35.
[2]刘卫果，胡思继，王埂男．铁路客运营销决策支持系统的数据库系统分析．铁道学报，Vol．22，No．6，2000：pp22-25．
[3]Peng Yi. Foundation and Practices of Railway Passenger Transport Information System. Railway Transport and Economy. Vol. 24, No. 5, 2002: pp30-31, p34.
[4]沈东升．秦沈客运专线建设信息管理系统综述．铁路标准设计．Vol．21，No．10，2001：pp2-5．
[5]Ian Sommerville. Software Engineering 6th Edition (影印版).机械工业版社, 2003.
[6]Roger S.Pressman. Software Engineering A Practitioner's Approach (5th Edition). 机械工业出版社, 2002.
[7]Evelyn Stiller, Gathie Leblanc. Project-Based Software Engineering: An Object-Oriented Approach (影印版).机械工业出版社, 2002.
[8]Roger S.Pressman. Software Engineering's Approach,5th ed. 清华大学出版社 2001.
[9]联邦快运：http://www.fedex.com/.
[10]Ups公司：http://www.ups.com/.
[11]王麟书，李中浩等．加拿大和法国铁路信息系统的维护管理体制．中国铁路．No．5，2002：pp44-47．
[12]中铁时代科技公司：http://www.ztgk.com/.
[13]西安山脉科技发展公司：http://www.summit.com.cn/.
[14]Gao Pan. Estimation Model of Future Passenger Volume in Railway transport. Railway Transport and Economy. No. 3, 2001: pp21-22.
[15]菲利普·科特勒．营销管理—分析、计划和控制．上海人民出版社，1997．
[16]曹锦芳等．信息系统分析与设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1994．
[17]左美云．信息系统的开发与管理教程．清华大学出版社，2001．
[18]Jin Derui, Zhang Qiang, Shiweiguo. Rearch and Application of Computer Network Management System of Passenger Train Dispatching. Railway Transport and Economy. No. 2, 1995: pp27-29, p26.
[19]王燕，马林艺．基于SQL Server开发的企业内部网信息管理系统．化工建设工程．Vol．24，No．3，2002：pp46-47，p17．
[20]林凯，赵晓华．面向对象的关系数据库设计．http://www.nj.cnki.net/.
[21]喻金科．大型数据库设计原则．http://www.ccw.com.cn/.
[22]全民，张倪．工作站软件开发环境．电子工业出版社，1995．
[23]M.Spenik,O.Sledge,K.Fernandez,L.Herb. SQL Servers 7.0系统管理指南．熊桂喜，蔡铁岭，张军驰等．清华大学出版社，1999．
[24]陈建平．Sybase SQL Server与管理信息系统的设计．长春邮电学院学报．Vol．14，No．2，1996：pp30-34．
[25]赵祥，朱小青，周宇宇，孙中平．基于Powerbuilder+SQL Server的管理信息系统的开发及其分布式应用．江苏地质，No．2，2002：pp74-79．
[26]飞思科技产品研发中心．SQL Server高级管理与开发．电子工业出版社，2002．
[27]杨正洪．SQL Server7.0关系数据库系统管理与开发指南．机械工业出版社，2000．
[28]康博创作室．SQL Server7.0实用教程．人民邮电出版社，1999．
[29]王雪聪，麻书城，聂盛才．PowerBuilder7.0彻底研究．中国铁道出版
社，2001．
[30]崔巍等．PowerBuilder7.0数据窗口程序设计．清华大学出版社，2000．
[31]网冠科技．PowerBuilder7.0时尚编程百例．机械工业出版社，2001．
[32]姜克威．PB管理信息系统的多种数据库操作．电脑学习．2002，2：pp27-28．
[33]Rumbaugh J. Blaha M. Object-oriented Modeling and Design. Prentice Hall. Inc. 1991.
[34]Landvater, Darryl V. World class production&inventory management [M]. Oliver Wight Limited Publications Inc. 1993.
[35]Liu Chunhuang, Liang Mingzhu. Study on the Building Scheme of Railway Ticket Data Bank. China Railway Science. Vol. 22, No. 3, 2001: pp23-25.
[36]David Friend. An Introduction to OLAP. 电子工业出版社. 1994, 10.
[37]Vidette Poe. Building a Data warehouse for Decision Support. Prentice Hall. Inc. 1996.
[2]刘卫果，胡思继，王埂男．铁路客运营销决策支持系统的数据库系统分析．铁道学报，Vol．22，No．6，2000：pp22-25．
[3]Peng Yi. Foundation and Practices of Railway Passenger Transport Information System. Railway Transport and Economy. Vol. 24, No. 5, 2002: pp30-31, p34.
[4]沈东升．秦沈客运专线建设信息管理系统综述．铁路标准设计．Vol．21，No．10，2001：pp2-5．
[5]Ian Sommerville. Software Engineering 6th Edition (影印版).机械工业版社, 2003.
[6]Roger S.Pressman. Software Engineering A Practitioner's Approach (5th Edition). 机械工业出版社, 2002.
[7]Evelyn Stiller, Gathie Leblanc. Project-Based Software Engineering: An Object-Oriented Approach (影印版).机械工业出版社, 2002.
[8]Roger S.Pressman. Software Engineering's Approach,5th ed. 清华大学出版社 2001.
[9]联邦快运：http://www.fedex.com/.
[10]Ups公司：http://www.ups.com/.
[11]王麟书，李中浩等．加拿大和法国铁路信息系统的维护管理体制．中国铁路．No．5，2002：pp44-47．
[12]中铁时代科技公司：http://www.ztgk.com/.
[13]西安山脉科技发展公司：http://www.summit.com.cn/.
[14]Gao Pan. Estimation Model of Future Passenger Volume in Railway transport. Railway Transport and Economy. No. 3, 2001: pp21-22.
[15]菲利普·科特勒．营销管理—分析、计划和控制．上海人民出版社，1997．
[16]曹锦芳等．信息系统分析与设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1994．
[17]左美云．信息系统的开发与管理教程．清华大学出版社，2001．
[18]Jin Derui, Zhang Qiang, Shiweiguo. Rearch and Application of Computer Network Management System of Passenger Train Dispatching. Railway Transport and Economy. No. 2, 1995: pp27-29, p26.
[19]王燕，马林艺．基于SQL Server开发的企业内部网信息管理系统．化工建设工程．Vol．24，No．3，2002：pp46-47，p17．
[20]林凯，赵晓华．面向对象的关系数据库设计．http://www.nj.cnki.net/.
[21]喻金科．大型数据库设计原则．http://www.ccw.com.cn/.
[22]全民，张倪．工作站软件开发环境．电子工业出版社，1995．
[23]M.Spenik,O.Sledge,K.Fernandez,L.Herb. SQL Servers 7.0系统管理指南．熊桂喜，蔡铁岭，张军驰等．清华大学出版社，1999．
[24]陈建平．Sybase SQL Server与管理信息系统的设计．长春邮电学院学报．Vol．14，No．2，1996：pp30-34．
[25]赵祥，朱小青，周宇宇，孙中平．基于Powerbuilder+SQL Server的管理信息系统的开发及其分布式应用．江苏地质，No．2，2002：pp74-79．
[26]飞思科技产品研发中心．SQL Server高级管理与开发．电子工业出版社，2002．
[27]杨正洪．SQL Server7.0关系数据库系统管理与开发指南．机械工业出版社，2000．
[28]康博创作室．SQL Server7.0实用教程．人民邮电出版社，1999．
[29]王雪聪，麻书城，聂盛才．PowerBuilder7.0彻底研究．中国铁道出版
社，2001．
[30]崔巍等．PowerBuilder7.0数据窗口程序设计．清华大学出版社，2000．
[31]网冠科技．PowerBuilder7.0时尚编程百例．机械工业出版社，2001．
[32]姜克威．PB管理信息系统的多种数据库操作．电脑学习．2002，2：pp27-28．
[33]Rumbaugh J. Blaha M. Object-oriented Modeling and Design. Prentice Hall. Inc. 1991.
[34]Landvater, Darryl V. World class production&inventory management [M]. Oliver Wight Limited Publications Inc. 1993.
[35]Liu Chunhuang, Liang Mingzhu. Study on the Building Scheme of Railway Ticket Data Bank. China Railway Science. Vol. 22, No. 3, 2001: pp23-25.
[36]David Friend. An Introduction to OLAP. 电子工业出版社. 1994, 10.
[37]Vidette Poe. Building a Data warehouse for Decision Support. Prentice Hall. Inc. 1996.
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