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三指灵巧手手指及其抓取运动规划的研究
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摘要
随着机器人技术的发展及其在各个领域的广泛应用,作为机器人与环境相互作用的最后执行者,多指灵巧手的工作能力被提到了新的高度。本文对多指灵巧手的研究文献进行分析和综述,对多指灵巧手的结构优化设计及轨迹规划问题进行了研究。
     从仿生学的角度出发,采用拟人法对多指灵巧手的结构型式进行了优化分析,得出了包括一个手掌,三个手指,九个回转关节的灵巧手结构。引进优化设计方法,以工作空间等为优化目标,对灵巧手结构参数进行了优化,最后对灵巧手进行了具体结构设计。
     分析并建立了运动学模型,得出运动学正逆解方程,并对抓持状态下各手指的运动姿态进行了仿真。同时完成了在静平衡状态下手指和外界环境之间作用力的分析。
     比较了在关节空间和笛卡尔空间中规划的优缺点,分析了整个手指的运动特性,提出从起始点到临近点阶段在关节空间中进行规划,临近点到接触点阶段在笛卡尔空间进行规划的方法。
     针对控制系统硬件电路及抓取过程策略,在PC机上采用Visual C++编制了显控系统。担负着整个控制系统的协调任务,完成了各个手指的轨迹计算、协调三手指的运动、对整个系统出现的错误信息进行处理、并且显示错误信息、实现人机对话。
With the development of robot technology and wide application in so many fields, as the implementation part of the interaction of robot and its environment, the workability of multi-fingered dexterous hand has higher requirements.This dissertation analyses the present study literature of multi-fingered dexterous hand, mianly studys the optimal structural design and track programming.
    From the point of view of bionics, this dissertation optimally analyses the structural forms of multi-fingered dexterous hand by the personification, and draw a conclusion that a form includes a palm, three fingers and nine rotation jionts. Intruduces optimal design method, choosing the optimal goals scuh as work space, optimally designs the structural parameters of this hand. And finishes material structure design.
    Analyses and establish the kinematic model, obtains the forword and inverse kinematic equation ,and simulate the motion of grasping. Finishes the analyse of force between fingers and environment in the state of statics.
    Compareingthe track programming in joint coordinate with that in Cartesian coordinates and analyzing the whole motorial characteristic of the fingers, This dissertation showes method of making track programming in joint coordinate form the start to the near and do in Cartesian coordinates from the near to the touch.
    This dissertation finishes the display and control system in PC using Visual C++ language. The software fill the role of harmonize the whole control system, including making track programming of three fingers, harmonizing the motion of three fingers, dealing with all the
    
    
    
    errors in the whole system, displaying the errors and realizing man-machine communication.
引文
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