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O-甲基硫代磷酰二氯连续化生产新工艺研究
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摘要
O—甲基硫代磷酰二氯是合成乙酰甲胺磷、乙嘧硫磷、蔬果磷、水胺硫磷、甲基嘧啶磷、杀螟硫磷、倍硫磷、甲基毒死蜱、甲胺磷等农药的重要中间体。研究开发该中间体的生产新工艺技术,对于降低产品的成本,提高企业的规模效益与市场竞争力,具有重要意义。
     目前,国内生产O—甲基硫代磷酰二氯的方法,多以搪瓷搅拌反应釜间歇生产为主。间歇生产存在设备投资大,生产收率和产品质量不稳定,工人劳动强度大等缺点,且反应过程中生成强腐蚀性的氯化氢,使得搪瓷搅拌反应釜不易密封,大量强腐蚀性的气体泄漏釜外,对环境造成极大破坏。此外,由于物料的强腐蚀性,设备极易腐蚀,设备维护检修频繁。若能实现上述反应的连续化生产,则可解决上述缺点。
     本课题在查阅国内外大量文献资料的基础上,在反应工程和传递工程理论的指导下,通过循环无梯度反应器实验研究,建立了O—甲基硫代磷酰二氯的反应速率方程。并以工业化连续生产为研究对象,建立了O—甲基硫代磷酰二氯连续化生产工艺的数学模型。在此基础上,运用MATLAB语言进行计算机编程,对各种不同反应器进行模拟与优化,并根据计算机模拟与优化结果,首次开发成功了部分循环管式反应器串联一管式反应器的连续化生产新工艺,并建设了一套8000吨/年O—甲基硫代磷酰二氯的工业化连续生产装置(已申请中国发明专利,申请号:CN03118174.0)。由于反应实现了连续化稳定生产与过程优化,产品收率可提高2.1%。工人劳动强度大大降低,工作环境极大改善。已建单套装置生产能力可达到原来一套装置生产能力的6倍,而且可以继续放大,放大风险很小。
The o-methyl phosphorodichloridothionate is a very important compound which is widely used as intermediate for pesticide such as acephate,eirimfos,dioxabenzofos,isocarbophos,pirimiphos-mmethyl,feni trothion,fenthion,chlorpyrifos-methyl.The study of new production technology becomes very important to reduce the cost of the factory.
    The old way of producing o-methyl phosphorodichloridothionate is discontinuous with glass lining reactor. Because the discontinuous production has the defects such as : the investment is big, the quality and yield is unstable, the labor of the worker is strong and the equipment is easier to be eroded. Develop new procure flow can overcome these defects.
    Have looked up a great amount of technical information both domestic and foreign, and under the direction of the theory of reaction engineer and the theory of transmission engineer. Based on the experiment of no gradient reactor. We build up the rate equation of synthesis o-methyl phosphorodichloridothionate. Based on the experiment and subjected to the equivalence principle, we simplified the reaction process and put forward a reaction mathematics model. Under the direction of the mathematics model, we also set up a set of differential equations to describe the course of reaction taken place in a continuous production reactor. The adoption of the powerful computing language MATLAB is helpful in the problems of mathematics. On the basis of the model, we analyzed the reaction system and simulated the course of reaction under different reaction conditions and different reactors' series. And under the guide of reaction features revealed by these simulations, we design a set of continuous production equipment in a factory. The production capacity of the equipment is 8000 tons o-methyl phosphorodichloridothionate each year. The real condition
    
    
    
    signifies that the new continuous production procure flow has more goodness than the old production procure flow. The yield of the new procure flow is improved 2.1% .The production capacity of a set of equipment is enlarged six times than a set of equipment with the old method. The labor of the worker is lighter. The environment of the factory is better.
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