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提高ECT系统性能的方法研究
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摘要
近些年发展起来的过程层析成像(PT)技术在两相流/多相流流动参数分布状况的测量方面取得了一定的进展,有可能成为解决两相流参数检测的有效手段,具有很大的潜力和广阔的工业应用前景。
     电容层析成像技术(ECT)是目前最为广泛研究的一种过程层析成像技术(PT),它具有系统成本低、成像速度快、适用范围广、非侵入式等优点,在PT中很有优势。因而,电容层析成像技术成为研究热点。
     本文在以有研究的基础之上,重点对以下的问题作了研究:
     1.针对ECT系统复杂的极板选择模式,提出了新的简化的模式选择电路,新的选择方式看起来更直观、易懂,并且比原有的方式少了8个开关,相当于电路板上的两个芯片。用Verilog HDL语言编程,并对其进行仿真验证,结果证明以上的改进是完全正确的。
     2.用锁相环电路来取代传统ECT电路设计中的移相电路,这样可以实现锁相环电路对频率和相位的精密跟踪,并可以消除杂散电容的影响。
     3.用DSP芯片来实现图像重建的算法部分,完成了软件的硬件实现部分与整体ECT系统的连接设计。
     4.对算法部分用汇编语言进行编程和调试,证明其正确后,算得其图像重建算法部分的实现时间为0.748ms,大大地提高了图像重建的速度。
     5.用ANSYS软件对管道内敏感场进行仿真,为图像重建提供了灵敏度数据。
     6.根据基于约束的最小二乘法和SIRT的同时迭代重建技术,提出了一种带有最优修正的新的图像重建算法,并给出了修正因子μ的计算方法。在MATLAB环境下对该算法进行了验证,结果证明该算法具有很高的图像重建精度。
     7.用ANSYS仿真数据对图像重建结果进行验证,比较了新的算法和最简单的LBP算法的重建结果,证明了新的算法的可行性。
Process Tomography (PT) techniques, which has been development rapidly in recent several ten years, have made certain progress in field of measurement of two-phase flow/multiphase flow parameter's distribution status. It might become a means for two-phase flow measurement and could be widely applied in industry.
    Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is one of the techniques of PT, which is widely researched. It has low-cost, high-speed, robust and non-intrusive.
    In base of the original design, make a great effort to the following questions:
    1. Put forward to a new simplified circuit of mode selection, it seemed that the new way is more visible, and the number of chip is reduced. Programmed by Verilog HDL, and the verification result shows that the above amend is complete correct.
    2. In stead of the traditional phase shift circuit, PLL is used to realize accurately track to frequency and phase, and eliminate the influence of stray capacitance.
    3. DSP is used to realize the algorithm of image reconstruction, and then design the whole circuit which is connect to DSP.
    4. Use assembler language to program and debug the algorithm, and then, calculate that the realized time is 0.748 ms .
    5. Simulate the sensitive field in the pipe, provide sensitivity matrix for image reconstruction.
    6. Put forward to a new algorithm of image reconstruction which is base on minimum two multiplication and SIRT iterative technique.
    7. Use ANS YS simulated data to verify the result of image reconstruction, result shows that the new algorithm has high precision.
引文
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