基于Eurostag的电力系统若干稳定问题的研究
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摘要
应用本实验室开发的BPA-Eurostag数据转换规约，成功将2000年华北网数据从BPA格式转换到Eurostag格式，比较验证表明，BPA和Eurostag潮流计算及暂态仿真结果一致， Eurostag可以跟BPA一样对华北网系统进行分析计算，为Eurostag用于华北网中长期动态仿真和系统稳定分析做了必要的准备工作。利用Eurostag的中长期动态仿真技术，做了大量的人们比较关注的动态仿真研究，得出一些重要结论，归纳起来，主要有以下几个方面：
1．通过编写的BPA-Eurostag数据转换规约成功将2000年华北网数据转入Eurostag中，并且与BPA华北网潮流计算和暂态仿真结果相比较，验证了BPA-Eurostag数据转换的准确性，应用LabVIEW的图形化编程语言－G语言，编写软件，同时可视化BPA和Eurostag的稳定计算结果曲线，直观的对两者比较分析。
2．用电力系统中长期动态仿真软件Eurostag进行时域仿真，将时域仿真确定的系统功率传输极限与BPA潮流计算的功率传输极限进行比较，分析两种方法获得的功率极限结果，比较、分析、研究影响功率极限的因素。
3．用Eurostag对系统进行中长期仿真，初步分析了有载调压变压器与不同的负荷特性相互作用表现出来的“正调压效应”或者“负调压效应”，以及过励限制器对中长期电压稳定的影响。
4．1996年8月10日WSCC大系统事故重现过程中，负荷的改变何以起决定性作用？原因一直无从知晓，因此，本文应用Eurostag，仿真分析事故过程中负荷与PSS控制的相互作用对系统动态稳定的影响；采用时域仿真与小扰动分析方法，分析不同的负荷特性对系统阻尼以及对PSS参数整定的影响；讨论了负荷与PSS相互作用的过程及其导致系统振荡失稳的原因。
The data-conversion protocol succeeds in changing North China electric network data in 2000 years from BPA format to Eurostag format in this paper. The results of power flow and dynamic simulation show that the conversed data can fairly well apply to the real system dynamic simulations. So Eurostag makes a significant contribution to the mid-long term dynamic simulation and power system stabilization analysis of North China electric network. Many mid-long term simulation researches in which people are interested have been done, and some important conclusions are obtained. To sum up, the paper mainly includes the following contests:
The North China electric network data in 2000 year has been conversed to Eurostag successfully by the BPA-Eurostag data-conversion protocol, and the simulation veracity also has been showed by the comparisons with BPA power-flows and transient simulations. The paper uses graphical program-LabVIEW to write the program for the figure displays of BPA and Eurostag data all together, which is very conveniently.
The paper compares the power system transmission limit, which obtained by Eurostag time-domain simulation and BPA power-flow calculation, and analyzes the results to research the influential factors of transmission limit.
This paper preliminary analyzes the interactions between different load characteristics and ULTC which to show positive voltage regulation or negative voltage regulation, and analyzes the effects of over excitation limiter on mid-long term voltage stabilization.
During the reproduction of WSCC system outage on August 10,1996, the changes of load models had been all-important. But why load models are the final reason? That is unknown to all. So in this paper, Eurostag has been used, which is predominant over the dynamic simulation of power system mid and long term, to simulate and analyze the effects of the interaction between load and PSS control on power system dynamic stability. The paper uses Time-Domain simulations and Small-Signal analysis to show that different load characteristics have different influences on system damping. The procedure that load and PSS control interacts and the reason, which leads to the power system instability, are discussed.
Li Ying(electric power system and its automation)
Directed by prof. He Renmu
1．通过编写的BPA-Eurostag数据转换规约成功将2000年华北网数据转入Eurostag中，并且与BPA华北网潮流计算和暂态仿真结果相比较，验证了BPA-Eurostag数据转换的准确性，应用LabVIEW的图形化编程语言－G语言，编写软件，同时可视化BPA和Eurostag的稳定计算结果曲线，直观的对两者比较分析。
2．用电力系统中长期动态仿真软件Eurostag进行时域仿真，将时域仿真确定的系统功率传输极限与BPA潮流计算的功率传输极限进行比较，分析两种方法获得的功率极限结果，比较、分析、研究影响功率极限的因素。
3．用Eurostag对系统进行中长期仿真，初步分析了有载调压变压器与不同的负荷特性相互作用表现出来的“正调压效应”或者“负调压效应”，以及过励限制器对中长期电压稳定的影响。
4．1996年8月10日WSCC大系统事故重现过程中，负荷的改变何以起决定性作用？原因一直无从知晓，因此，本文应用Eurostag，仿真分析事故过程中负荷与PSS控制的相互作用对系统动态稳定的影响；采用时域仿真与小扰动分析方法，分析不同的负荷特性对系统阻尼以及对PSS参数整定的影响；讨论了负荷与PSS相互作用的过程及其导致系统振荡失稳的原因。
The data-conversion protocol succeeds in changing North China electric network data in 2000 years from BPA format to Eurostag format in this paper. The results of power flow and dynamic simulation show that the conversed data can fairly well apply to the real system dynamic simulations. So Eurostag makes a significant contribution to the mid-long term dynamic simulation and power system stabilization analysis of North China electric network. Many mid-long term simulation researches in which people are interested have been done, and some important conclusions are obtained. To sum up, the paper mainly includes the following contests:
The North China electric network data in 2000 year has been conversed to Eurostag successfully by the BPA-Eurostag data-conversion protocol, and the simulation veracity also has been showed by the comparisons with BPA power-flows and transient simulations. The paper uses graphical program-LabVIEW to write the program for the figure displays of BPA and Eurostag data all together, which is very conveniently.
The paper compares the power system transmission limit, which obtained by Eurostag time-domain simulation and BPA power-flow calculation, and analyzes the results to research the influential factors of transmission limit.
This paper preliminary analyzes the interactions between different load characteristics and ULTC which to show positive voltage regulation or negative voltage regulation, and analyzes the effects of over excitation limiter on mid-long term voltage stabilization.
During the reproduction of WSCC system outage on August 10,1996, the changes of load models had been all-important. But why load models are the final reason? That is unknown to all. So in this paper, Eurostag has been used, which is predominant over the dynamic simulation of power system mid and long term, to simulate and analyze the effects of the interaction between load and PSS control on power system dynamic stability. The paper uses Time-Domain simulations and Small-Signal analysis to show that different load characteristics have different influences on system damping. The procedure that load and PSS control interacts and the reason, which leads to the power system instability, are discussed.
Li Ying(electric power system and its automation)
Directed by prof. He Renmu
引文
[1] M.r.波尔特诺伊,P.c.拉比诺维奇，电力系统稳定性的控制，北京：电力工业出版社
[2] Carson W.Taylor，电力系统电压稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
[3] T.Van Cutsem，“A comprehensive analysis of mid-term voltage stability”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.Vol.10, No. 3, August 1995.
[4] EPRI Report, “Long-Term Power System Dynamics”, Final Report of Project RP 90-7,Prepared by General Electric Company, April 1974.
[5] 顾群 徐泰山等，中期电压稳定的建模和快速仿真，电力系统自动化，Vol.23 1999.11
[6] 徐泰山 鲍颜红等，中期电压稳定的快速仿真算法研究，电力系统自动化，Vol.21 2000.12
[7] Carson W.Taylor，“Model Validation for the August 10, 1996 WSCC System Outage”, IEEE Transactions on Power System.Vol.14, No.3, August 1999.
[8] BPA潮流程序用户手册（中国版2.0） 北京：中国电力科学院 1991年9月
[9] 中国版BPA暂态稳定程序用户手册（基于Windows 9x/NT/2000平台2.1版） 北京：中国电力科学院 2000年7月
[10] Eurostag User’s Manual (Release4.1) EDF AND TRACTEBEL December 2000
[11] 杨乐平等，LabVIEW程序设计与应用 北京：电子工业出版社
[12]Badrul H.Chowdhury, Carson W.Taylor, “Voltage Stability Analysis:V-Q Power Flow Simulation Versus Dynamic Simulation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.15, No.4, November 2000.
[13] G.K.Morison, P.Kundur, “Voltage Stability Analysis Using Static and Dynamic Approaches”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.8, No.3, August 1993.
[14] PRABHA KUNDUR， Power System Stability and Control.北京： 中国电力出版社 2002年
[15] 彭志炜 胡国根 韩祯祥，有载调压变压器对电力系统电压稳定性的影响. 中国电机工程学报，1998，Vol.18 No.6
[16] 彭志炜 胡国根 韩祯祥，有载调压变压器对电压稳定性影响的动态分析.中国电机工程学报，1999，Vol.19 No.2
[17] 包黎昕 段献忠 何仰赞，有载调压变压器对电压稳定影响的仿真分析.华中理工大学学报，2000，Vol.28 No.10
[18] 贺仁睦，电力系统动态仿真准确度的探究，电网技术，2000，Vol.24 No.12
[19] 王梅义 吴竟昌 蒙定中，大电网系统技术，北京：水利电力出版社
[20] 电力系统专门委员会（日本），电力系统稳定性问题与对策，北京：水利电力出版社
[21] 余贻鑫 陈礼义，电力系统的安全性和稳定性，北京：科学出版社
[22] 韩祯祥，电力系统稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
[23] 刘增煌 朱方，电力系统稳定器对电力系统动态稳定的作用及与其他控制方式的比较，电网技术，1998，Vol.22 No.3
[24] 朱方 刘增煌 高华光，电力系统稳定器对三峡电力系统暂态稳定的影响，中国电机工程学报，2002，Vol.20 No.11
[25] Hoa Vu J.C.Agee, “COMPARISON OF POWER SYSTEM STABLIZERS FOR DAMPING OF LOCAL MODEL OSCILLATIONS”, IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Vol.8 No.3, September 1993.
[26] 黄顺礼，典型的PSS系统，湖南电力，Vol.22 No.3，2002
[27] 方思立 朱方，电力系统稳定器的原理及其应用，北京：中国电力出版社
[28] 朱振青，励磁控制与电力系统稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
[2] Carson W.Taylor，电力系统电压稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
[3] T.Van Cutsem，“A comprehensive analysis of mid-term voltage stability”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.Vol.10, No. 3, August 1995.
[4] EPRI Report, “Long-Term Power System Dynamics”, Final Report of Project RP 90-7,Prepared by General Electric Company, April 1974.
[5] 顾群 徐泰山等，中期电压稳定的建模和快速仿真，电力系统自动化，Vol.23 1999.11
[6] 徐泰山 鲍颜红等，中期电压稳定的快速仿真算法研究，电力系统自动化，Vol.21 2000.12
[7] Carson W.Taylor，“Model Validation for the August 10, 1996 WSCC System Outage”, IEEE Transactions on Power System.Vol.14, No.3, August 1999.
[8] BPA潮流程序用户手册（中国版2.0） 北京：中国电力科学院 1991年9月
[9] 中国版BPA暂态稳定程序用户手册（基于Windows 9x/NT/2000平台2.1版） 北京：中国电力科学院 2000年7月
[10] Eurostag User’s Manual (Release4.1) EDF AND TRACTEBEL December 2000
[11] 杨乐平等，LabVIEW程序设计与应用 北京：电子工业出版社
[12]Badrul H.Chowdhury, Carson W.Taylor, “Voltage Stability Analysis:V-Q Power Flow Simulation Versus Dynamic Simulation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.15, No.4, November 2000.
[13] G.K.Morison, P.Kundur, “Voltage Stability Analysis Using Static and Dynamic Approaches”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.8, No.3, August 1993.
[14] PRABHA KUNDUR， Power System Stability and Control.北京： 中国电力出版社 2002年
[15] 彭志炜 胡国根 韩祯祥，有载调压变压器对电力系统电压稳定性的影响. 中国电机工程学报，1998，Vol.18 No.6
[16] 彭志炜 胡国根 韩祯祥，有载调压变压器对电压稳定性影响的动态分析.中国电机工程学报，1999，Vol.19 No.2
[17] 包黎昕 段献忠 何仰赞，有载调压变压器对电压稳定影响的仿真分析.华中理工大学学报，2000，Vol.28 No.10
[18] 贺仁睦，电力系统动态仿真准确度的探究，电网技术，2000，Vol.24 No.12
[19] 王梅义 吴竟昌 蒙定中，大电网系统技术，北京：水利电力出版社
[20] 电力系统专门委员会（日本），电力系统稳定性问题与对策，北京：水利电力出版社
[21] 余贻鑫 陈礼义，电力系统的安全性和稳定性，北京：科学出版社
[22] 韩祯祥，电力系统稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
[23] 刘增煌 朱方，电力系统稳定器对电力系统动态稳定的作用及与其他控制方式的比较，电网技术，1998，Vol.22 No.3
[24] 朱方 刘增煌 高华光，电力系统稳定器对三峡电力系统暂态稳定的影响，中国电机工程学报，2002，Vol.20 No.11
[25] Hoa Vu J.C.Agee, “COMPARISON OF POWER SYSTEM STABLIZERS FOR DAMPING OF LOCAL MODEL OSCILLATIONS”, IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Vol.8 No.3, September 1993.
[26] 黄顺礼，典型的PSS系统，湖南电力，Vol.22 No.3，2002
[27] 方思立 朱方，电力系统稳定器的原理及其应用，北京：中国电力出版社
[28] 朱振青，励磁控制与电力系统稳定，北京：中国电力出版社
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