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异构数据交换的研究和应用
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摘要
数据交换是影响企业信息化管理发展的主要因素之一。它的目标是实现各个异构数据源之间的数据共享,从而有效地利用资源,提高整个应用系统的性能。但是,需要交换的数据往往在结构和语义上都存在各种各样的冲突,数据交换的本质就是解决这些冲突,如何方便地表示和消除冲突就显得尤其重要。
     XML本身所具有的与平台无关、易于扩展、交互性好、语义性强、可格式化等特性和优点使得它具有强大的结构和语义表达能力,可用于不同数据之间的交换。通过对XML技术和常见的异构数据进行分析,本文将XML用在异构数据交换中,研究探讨利用XML进行数据交换的基本方法。
     本论文从异构数据的理论着手,将源和目标表的数据表示和结构表示分开,从而使异构数据在交换时先进行结构匹配,再进行数据交换。同时针对DTD和XMLSchema对复杂的结构和语义信息不能很好表示的缺点,对异构数据的结构和语义冲突进行了详细的分类,定义了用来描述结构和语义的特殊XML文档。在此基础上本文提出一个数据交换模型。在实例分析中,以某港口信息系统中数据交换子系统为例,利用面向对象建模思想结合设计模式技术加以分析、设计、实现数据交换模型。
Data exchanging is the demand of coordination between not only different enterprises but also different departments inside them, and the goal is to realize data sharing between heterogeneous data sources, so as to utilize resources effectively and attain high performance of the whole application system. But, there exist all kinds of conflicts of structural and semantic in data. The goal of data exchanging is to remove these conflicts. How to describe and remove these conflicts conveniently is very important to data exchanging.
    The characters for XML showed in this model, which includes platform independence, easy for expansion, better interaction, abundance semantic, make the middleware model easy for the realization of description and transform for heterogeneous data sources in the field of data exchanging. XML is used for the exchanging of relational data and the paper makes a research on basic methods of data exchanging by the analyzing of XML technology and relational data.
    The research of this paper begins with the theory of heterogeneous data . Data and structure are divided into two different XML documents. WhileExchanging, match structure at first, and then integrates data. And the paper classifies the structure and semantic conflicts of heterogeneous data in detail and make a definition of special XML documents that are used to describe heterogeneous data to solve the problem that the complex information about data structure and data semanteme is not showed in relevance ways by DTD and XML Schema. Finally, the paper comes up with a data exchanging model and makes use of orient-object model designing idea to analyse , design and realize the data exchanging model in the Information System of Port.
引文
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