高填方路堤流变沉降本构模型及其计算方法研究
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摘要
随着我国高速公路逐步向多丘多山的中西部地区延伸,在这些地区修筑高速公路不可避免地出现了大量填切高度在10～30米的高填方路基,如何有效计算和预测高填方路堤工后沉降,消除路堤沉降所带来的危害已成为中西部地区公路建设科技领域的一个重要课题。本文以粘弹性流变理论为基础,从对路基流变沉降的本构模型入手,主要开展以下研究工作:
(1)结合已建和在建的高填方工程实例,就高填方问题产生的原因、表现形式以及导致其流变沉降的因素等问题进行了较为深入剖析,并通过对路基填土的流变性开展室内试验研究,从流变实验装置的设计、实验方案的制订到流变实验的实施,形成较为完整的岩土材料室内流变规程,获得了一系列实验数据,为高填方路基沉降计算提供参考。
(2)在流变实验的基础上对岩土材料流变本构模型的建立进行深入探讨,通过对已有流变本构模型的优缺点的比较,本文最终选择了基于分数阶微积分的流变本构模型,并对该类模型中普遍存在的量纲问题进行了探讨。通过引入名义松弛时间不仅解决了本构关系中的量纲问题,而且结合流变学中Deborah数,更为深刻地揭示了岩土流变实验中时间尺度效应,并基于分数阶微积分理论和Mittag-Leffler函数建立了压实土的三参数和四参数类Maxwell以及四参数类Kelvin-Voigt流变本构模型,采用含权值的面积判定函数以及逐点搜索的方式,实现了本构模型参数的自动辨识。
(3)在建立的流变本构模型的基础上对高填方路堤在填筑过程以及工后的沉降变形问题进行了力学模型抽象,利用弹性半空间在荷载作用应力分布的Boussineq-Flamant解析解,按照弹性-粘弹性对应原理,并采用基于分数阶微积分的流变本构得到了半无限粘弹性空间下的应力分布及位移变化的解析近似解,进而研究了高填方路堤自身的应力分布及变形的解析近似解,最终得到了较为完整的高填方路堤流变沉降的简化计算公式。
(4)基于粘弹性有限元方法,借助大型通用非线性有限元软件ADINA,通过采用粘弹性材料模式,利用单元生死技术,着重探讨了高填方路堤在三维复杂边界条件下的流变性状,并模拟了地形、填筑速度以及路堤边坡等因素对其流变沉降量的影响。
Along with the streth of China’s highway gradually forwards the central-western regions of multihilllock and multimound in China where in highway building would appear unavoidably a large number of high-filling subgrades whose fill-cutting height is about 10~30 meters. How to calculate and predict efficiently the settlement of the high-filling embankment after establishment so as to eliminate the harm brought by the embankment settlement has become an important topic in the field of scientific technology of highway construction in the central-western regions. Based on the viscoelastic rheological theory, staring with the constitutive model of rheological settlement of subgrade, this paper unfolds the following researches:
Combining the practical examples of built and underbuilding high-filling engineerings, the deep analysis is carried out on these problems of the reason caused by high-filling, the manifestation and the factors leading to its rheological settlement, and the indoor experiment research is unfolded on the rheological property of the subgrade filling, which is from the design of rheological experiment device, the formulation of experimental scheme to implementation of rheological experiment, so one integrated indoor rheological regulation of geotechnical materials is formed, and a series of test data have been obtained, which provide one reference for the calculation of high-filling subgrade settlement.
The establishment of the rheological constitutive model of geotechnical material has been deeply explored at the base of the rheological experiment, comparing the merit and shortcoming of the existing rheological constitutive model, in this paper, the rheological constitutive model based on fractional order infinitesimal analysis was selected at last and the dimension problems existing generally in this kind of model have been explored. By introducing the nominal relaxation time, not only the dimension problem in the constitutive relation was resolved, but also combining Deborah number in rheology, and the time scale effect in the experiment of geotechnical rheology has been revealed profoundly, and based on the fractional order infinitesimal analysis theory and Millay-Leffler function, the three-parameter and four-parameter type Kelvin-Voigt rheological constitutive model have been built, by adoping the area decision function containing weight value and the means of pointwise searching, the automatic identifying of the constitutive model parameter has been realized.
On the base of the built constitutive model of rheology, the problems of settlement deformation of high-filling embankment in filling and after building have been abstracted with mechanics model, using Boussineq and Flamant analytic solution of the elasticity half-space in the stress distribution of load action, according to the corresponding principle of elasticity-viscoelasticity, and adopting the rheological constitution based on the fractional order infinitesimal analysis, the stress distribution at the semi-infinite viscoelastic space and the analytic approximate solution of displacement variation have been obtained, and then, its own stress distribution of the high-filling embankment and the analytic approximate solution of its deformation have been researched, at last, the compatibly complete simplified calculation formula of the high-filling embankment in rheological settlement has been obtained.
Based on the viscoelastic finite element method, with the aid of ADINA, the large-scale universal non-linear finite-element software, adopting the model of viscoelastic material, and utilizing the element living-death technology, the rheological performance of the high-filling embankment in the condition of complex three-dimension boundary has been explored emphatically, and the influence of these factors, the topography, the reclamation speed and the embankment slope on its rheological settlement quantity have been simulated.
(1)结合已建和在建的高填方工程实例,就高填方问题产生的原因、表现形式以及导致其流变沉降的因素等问题进行了较为深入剖析,并通过对路基填土的流变性开展室内试验研究,从流变实验装置的设计、实验方案的制订到流变实验的实施,形成较为完整的岩土材料室内流变规程,获得了一系列实验数据,为高填方路基沉降计算提供参考。
(2)在流变实验的基础上对岩土材料流变本构模型的建立进行深入探讨,通过对已有流变本构模型的优缺点的比较,本文最终选择了基于分数阶微积分的流变本构模型,并对该类模型中普遍存在的量纲问题进行了探讨。通过引入名义松弛时间不仅解决了本构关系中的量纲问题,而且结合流变学中Deborah数,更为深刻地揭示了岩土流变实验中时间尺度效应,并基于分数阶微积分理论和Mittag-Leffler函数建立了压实土的三参数和四参数类Maxwell以及四参数类Kelvin-Voigt流变本构模型,采用含权值的面积判定函数以及逐点搜索的方式,实现了本构模型参数的自动辨识。
(3)在建立的流变本构模型的基础上对高填方路堤在填筑过程以及工后的沉降变形问题进行了力学模型抽象,利用弹性半空间在荷载作用应力分布的Boussineq-Flamant解析解,按照弹性-粘弹性对应原理,并采用基于分数阶微积分的流变本构得到了半无限粘弹性空间下的应力分布及位移变化的解析近似解,进而研究了高填方路堤自身的应力分布及变形的解析近似解,最终得到了较为完整的高填方路堤流变沉降的简化计算公式。
(4)基于粘弹性有限元方法,借助大型通用非线性有限元软件ADINA,通过采用粘弹性材料模式,利用单元生死技术,着重探讨了高填方路堤在三维复杂边界条件下的流变性状,并模拟了地形、填筑速度以及路堤边坡等因素对其流变沉降量的影响。
Along with the streth of China’s highway gradually forwards the central-western regions of multihilllock and multimound in China where in highway building would appear unavoidably a large number of high-filling subgrades whose fill-cutting height is about 10~30 meters. How to calculate and predict efficiently the settlement of the high-filling embankment after establishment so as to eliminate the harm brought by the embankment settlement has become an important topic in the field of scientific technology of highway construction in the central-western regions. Based on the viscoelastic rheological theory, staring with the constitutive model of rheological settlement of subgrade, this paper unfolds the following researches:
Combining the practical examples of built and underbuilding high-filling engineerings, the deep analysis is carried out on these problems of the reason caused by high-filling, the manifestation and the factors leading to its rheological settlement, and the indoor experiment research is unfolded on the rheological property of the subgrade filling, which is from the design of rheological experiment device, the formulation of experimental scheme to implementation of rheological experiment, so one integrated indoor rheological regulation of geotechnical materials is formed, and a series of test data have been obtained, which provide one reference for the calculation of high-filling subgrade settlement.
The establishment of the rheological constitutive model of geotechnical material has been deeply explored at the base of the rheological experiment, comparing the merit and shortcoming of the existing rheological constitutive model, in this paper, the rheological constitutive model based on fractional order infinitesimal analysis was selected at last and the dimension problems existing generally in this kind of model have been explored. By introducing the nominal relaxation time, not only the dimension problem in the constitutive relation was resolved, but also combining Deborah number in rheology, and the time scale effect in the experiment of geotechnical rheology has been revealed profoundly, and based on the fractional order infinitesimal analysis theory and Millay-Leffler function, the three-parameter and four-parameter type Kelvin-Voigt rheological constitutive model have been built, by adoping the area decision function containing weight value and the means of pointwise searching, the automatic identifying of the constitutive model parameter has been realized.
On the base of the built constitutive model of rheology, the problems of settlement deformation of high-filling embankment in filling and after building have been abstracted with mechanics model, using Boussineq and Flamant analytic solution of the elasticity half-space in the stress distribution of load action, according to the corresponding principle of elasticity-viscoelasticity, and adopting the rheological constitution based on the fractional order infinitesimal analysis, the stress distribution at the semi-infinite viscoelastic space and the analytic approximate solution of displacement variation have been obtained, and then, its own stress distribution of the high-filling embankment and the analytic approximate solution of its deformation have been researched, at last, the compatibly complete simplified calculation formula of the high-filling embankment in rheological settlement has been obtained.
Based on the viscoelastic finite element method, with the aid of ADINA, the large-scale universal non-linear finite-element software, adopting the model of viscoelastic material, and utilizing the element living-death technology, the rheological performance of the high-filling embankment in the condition of complex three-dimension boundary has been explored emphatically, and the influence of these factors, the topography, the reclamation speed and the embankment slope on its rheological settlement quantity have been simulated.
引文
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