地区电网智能调度理论与管理模式研究
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摘要
近些年来随着智能电网(Smart Grid)概念的提出,中国国家电网公司也制定了符合我国国情的智能电网发展战略。地区电网作为智能电网发展的一个重要的组成部分,本文就其调控一体化管理模式,状态估计方法,智能小区管理模式等方面进行了如下研究。
(1)提出了未来地区电网的调控一体化管理模式
通过对智能电网中输电、配电及需求侧的关键技术的总结,分析了智能电网关键技术对输电网、配电网、和电力用户的影响,得出了未来地区电网结构形态及调度运行模式的变化。同时对我国现有调度中心、变电站监控中心、运行维护中心等运行模式的特点,从运行管理、业务流程、关键技术等多个方面探讨了地区电网中适应集约化管理的调度集控一体化的建设思路。提出了地区电网调控一体化的管理模式与关键技术,为地区电网调度集控一体化建设与管理实践提供借鉴。
(2)提出基于智能电网量测技术的状态估计方法
状态估计是能量管理系统(EMS)的核心功能,是智能调度的基础和重要环节。本文针对电子式电流互感器异常数据的特点,构成电流采样值与交流量幅值的关系判据,基于判据理论分析提出了一种基于幅值比较的采样值检测抗异常数据的方法,并通过仿真分析表明该方法可靠。另外,本文利用快速、带时标的PMU量测估计电网扰动后的动态过程,并提出了新的电网动态过程状态估计算法,该算法以静态状态估计结果作为初始断面,对PMU量测不可观测区域的电网模型进行等效处理,在有限的PMU量测条件下可获得电网扰动后动态过程中的连续断面。通过仿真算例验证表明该算法可行。
(3)提出智能小区的运行管理模式
智能小区作为未来地区电网的一个重要组成部分,其运行管理模式及与地区电网协调运行模式具有很高的研究价值。本章首先对智能小区内各种分布式电源的发电特性进行探讨,研究影响不同分布式电源的出力的因素,然后研究了智能小区的优化运行模式,以智能小区运行成本最小为目标函数,求解智能小区内部能量优化管理模型,接着对智能小区的运营以及商业化推广模式进行研究,考虑了各类智能小区的特点,讨论了智能小区商业化推广的制度和管理方式,最后提出了基于需求响应的智能小区与电网协调运行模式,研究了含多个智能小区的电网协调运行模式,并根据实际数据计算了日前发电计划,验证了模型的有效性。
The past few years, with the concept of the smart grid, State Grid Corporation of China established the development strategy of the smart grid. The regional power grid, as an important part of the smart grid, this paper researched the integration of regulation, state estimation and intelligent community as followed.
(1) The future regional power grid integration of regulation mode was presented.
This chapter respectively summarizes the key techniques of transmission, distribution and user in the smart grid, and analysis the influence of the regional power network and the user which are caused by the key technologies in smart grid, obtains the changes of the grid structure in the form and the dispatch operational mode. Analysis of the characteristics of the existing operation mode of dispatching center, substation monitoring center, operation and maintenance centered. Explore the construction of the regional power grid to meet the intensive management of the scheduling control integration ideas from many aspects of the operation and management, business processes, the key technology in smart grid, etc. Provide a reference for the regional power grid dispatching control integration and management practices.
(2) The state estimation based on the measurement technique of smart grid was presented.
State estimation is a Core Function of Energy Management System (EMS) and the foundation of intelligent scheduling. Perfection and optimization of state estimation can makes power grid more reliable and safe, and ensure the stability of power Systems as well. Considering the characteristic of Electronic current Transformer and base on the criterion of the relation between Current samples values and alternating current measurement amplitude, this paper proposes a method of detecting the resistance of abnormal data through sampling value Inspection with comparing amplitudes, and the reliability of this method is demonstrated by simulation analysis. The paper proposes a new algorithm of state estimation to get the dynamic process of power grid after disturbance using fast, time-scale PMU measurements. The algorithm uses the results of traditional state estimation before disturbance as the initial state and the unobservable network for PMU measurements is equivalent. The varied dynamic process of power grid can be estimated once PMU measurements for generators are obtained. Furthermore, the feasibility of the algorithm is demonstrated.
(3) The operation and management mode of the smart community was presented.
As an important part of the future regional power grid, the integration of regulation mode of the intelligent community had a highly value to be researched. First, I discussed the generating characteristics of microgrid distributed powers and studied on the influenced factors of distributed powers output. And then the microgrid optimization operating mode is discussed. Set the minimum cost as target function to solve optimization operation mode. Second, I discussed the operational and commercial promotion modes and considered their different characteristics. Put forward the commercial promotion and management model. Finally, I put forward the coordination model between the microgrid of based on the demand response and grid. Study on the coordinated operation mode within multiple microgrid. And calculated the daily generation scheduling according to the actual data to verify the validity of the model
(1)提出了未来地区电网的调控一体化管理模式
通过对智能电网中输电、配电及需求侧的关键技术的总结,分析了智能电网关键技术对输电网、配电网、和电力用户的影响,得出了未来地区电网结构形态及调度运行模式的变化。同时对我国现有调度中心、变电站监控中心、运行维护中心等运行模式的特点,从运行管理、业务流程、关键技术等多个方面探讨了地区电网中适应集约化管理的调度集控一体化的建设思路。提出了地区电网调控一体化的管理模式与关键技术,为地区电网调度集控一体化建设与管理实践提供借鉴。
(2)提出基于智能电网量测技术的状态估计方法
状态估计是能量管理系统(EMS)的核心功能,是智能调度的基础和重要环节。本文针对电子式电流互感器异常数据的特点,构成电流采样值与交流量幅值的关系判据,基于判据理论分析提出了一种基于幅值比较的采样值检测抗异常数据的方法,并通过仿真分析表明该方法可靠。另外,本文利用快速、带时标的PMU量测估计电网扰动后的动态过程,并提出了新的电网动态过程状态估计算法,该算法以静态状态估计结果作为初始断面,对PMU量测不可观测区域的电网模型进行等效处理,在有限的PMU量测条件下可获得电网扰动后动态过程中的连续断面。通过仿真算例验证表明该算法可行。
(3)提出智能小区的运行管理模式
智能小区作为未来地区电网的一个重要组成部分,其运行管理模式及与地区电网协调运行模式具有很高的研究价值。本章首先对智能小区内各种分布式电源的发电特性进行探讨,研究影响不同分布式电源的出力的因素,然后研究了智能小区的优化运行模式,以智能小区运行成本最小为目标函数,求解智能小区内部能量优化管理模型,接着对智能小区的运营以及商业化推广模式进行研究,考虑了各类智能小区的特点,讨论了智能小区商业化推广的制度和管理方式,最后提出了基于需求响应的智能小区与电网协调运行模式,研究了含多个智能小区的电网协调运行模式,并根据实际数据计算了日前发电计划,验证了模型的有效性。
The past few years, with the concept of the smart grid, State Grid Corporation of China established the development strategy of the smart grid. The regional power grid, as an important part of the smart grid, this paper researched the integration of regulation, state estimation and intelligent community as followed.
(1) The future regional power grid integration of regulation mode was presented.
This chapter respectively summarizes the key techniques of transmission, distribution and user in the smart grid, and analysis the influence of the regional power network and the user which are caused by the key technologies in smart grid, obtains the changes of the grid structure in the form and the dispatch operational mode. Analysis of the characteristics of the existing operation mode of dispatching center, substation monitoring center, operation and maintenance centered. Explore the construction of the regional power grid to meet the intensive management of the scheduling control integration ideas from many aspects of the operation and management, business processes, the key technology in smart grid, etc. Provide a reference for the regional power grid dispatching control integration and management practices.
(2) The state estimation based on the measurement technique of smart grid was presented.
State estimation is a Core Function of Energy Management System (EMS) and the foundation of intelligent scheduling. Perfection and optimization of state estimation can makes power grid more reliable and safe, and ensure the stability of power Systems as well. Considering the characteristic of Electronic current Transformer and base on the criterion of the relation between Current samples values and alternating current measurement amplitude, this paper proposes a method of detecting the resistance of abnormal data through sampling value Inspection with comparing amplitudes, and the reliability of this method is demonstrated by simulation analysis. The paper proposes a new algorithm of state estimation to get the dynamic process of power grid after disturbance using fast, time-scale PMU measurements. The algorithm uses the results of traditional state estimation before disturbance as the initial state and the unobservable network for PMU measurements is equivalent. The varied dynamic process of power grid can be estimated once PMU measurements for generators are obtained. Furthermore, the feasibility of the algorithm is demonstrated.
(3) The operation and management mode of the smart community was presented.
As an important part of the future regional power grid, the integration of regulation mode of the intelligent community had a highly value to be researched. First, I discussed the generating characteristics of microgrid distributed powers and studied on the influenced factors of distributed powers output. And then the microgrid optimization operating mode is discussed. Set the minimum cost as target function to solve optimization operation mode. Second, I discussed the operational and commercial promotion modes and considered their different characteristics. Put forward the commercial promotion and management model. Finally, I put forward the coordination model between the microgrid of based on the demand response and grid. Study on the coordinated operation mode within multiple microgrid. And calculated the daily generation scheduling according to the actual data to verify the validity of the model
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