山东省高速公路养护维修工程量预测方法研究
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摘要
高速公路建成通车后，随着通车时间的推移，运营管理受到越来越多的重视。特别是养护管理，随着公路主体及其沿线设施、公路绿化、大型结构物的老化和不同程度损坏，将对通行能力、承载能力、行车舒适性和交通安全等造成较大的影响。及时进行养护维修是保持公路良好的使用状态和服务水平，向使用者提供安全、快捷、舒适、经济、优美的行车环境，最终达到提高公路运营经济效益和社会效益的必要保证。高速公路养护维修费用在公路运营成本中占有重大比例，为了最大限度地提高资金使用效益和降低公路运营成本，必须科学合理地进行公路养护维修工程预算和编制养护维修经费定额，而确定每一年的高速公路养护维修率是进行高速公路养护维修工程预算的重要依据，更是编制公路养护维修经费的基础和关键。
本研究实施和完成后，其研究成果将系统地解决在确定山东省高速公路主体及其沿线设施、绿化、大型结构物养护维修费用时遇到的技术难点以及其他运营管理经费的分配问题，确保山东省高速公路运营管理经费的使用更科学。
（1）构建了山东省高速公路养护维修率指标体系。通过公路病害及其损坏机理分析确定公路养护维修率对象分别为公路路基、公路路面、公路沿线设施、公路绿化和公路结构物等五大维修率指标。
（2）明确了高速公路各项维修率各项指标，构建了高速公路养护维修率综合指标体系，共五大类12个指标，并提出各项指标的内容和影响因素。为下一步公路养护维修率模型计算变量的提出奠定理论基础。
（3）提出公路工程质量系数、专项维修年限折算系数等概念，解决公路工程质量、大中修处理对公路养护维修率预测的影响问题。为模型的建立和研究确定了相应变量
（4）利用多种数学方法，建立高速公路养护维修率预测模型，包括路面坑槽养护维修率预测模型和路面裂缝养护维修率预测模型。为量化研究高速公路养护及维修经费的预测和规划奠定基础。
（5）针对养护和小修等内容，利用不同的指标，建立了养护维修工程量预测模型。模型包括路肩养护、边坡防护、排水、路面保养、标志标线养护、沿线设施养护、绿化养护、桥涵养护、隧道养护等工程项目内容的相关预测模型与方法。
（6）通过实例，验证了所建立模型的有效性。
Highway operation and management has been attached more and more attention sincehigh way is completed and put into use. Particular attention should go to maintenancemanagement because weathering and damage of the highway main body, facilities, plantingand large structures along the highway will pose great impact on the volume, capacity,comfort and safety of transportation. Timely maintenance and repair can ensure the status andservice of highway, provide a safe, rapid, comfortable, economical and exquisite runningenvironment, and finally improve the financial and social benefits of the road. Maintenanceand repair cost accounts for a big percentage in highway operation. To maximize the fundefficiency and reduce operation cost, it is a must to make scientific and reasonablemaintenance and repair budget and draft cost quota. Annual highway maintenance and repairrate is an important basis for determining maintenance budget.
The results of the this study can provide a systematical resolution for technical problemand budget allocation for maintenance and repair of highway main body and facilities,planting, and large structures along the highway, and can help to ensure a more scientificbudget use in Shangdong Province.
(1) Establish Shandong highway maintenance and repair index system. Five maintenancerate indices including roadbed, pavement, facilities along the road, planting and structuresare determined based on highway diseases and their mechanisms.
(2) Identify various indices for highway maintenance and repair rate, establish highwaymaintenance and repair index system including5categories and12indices, and also putforward the content and factors of each index. Lay theoretical foundation for variables ofhighway maintenance rate models.
(3) Put forward concepts like highway project quality factor, years of specific repairconvention, solve problems of highway project quality, large and medium repair rateprediction. Provide relevant variables for modelling and study.
(4) Establish highway maintenance and repair rate prediction models including pavementpit maintenance rate prediction model and pavement crack maintenance prediction model byusing various mathematical methods. Lay foundation for quantitative study of highway maintenance and maintenance budget prediction and planning.
(5) Establish maintenance and repair project prediction models for maintenance andsmall repair by using different indices. The models include prediction models and methods forroad shoulder maintenance, slope protection, drainage, pavement maintenance, sign andmarking maintenance, facility maintenance, planting maintenance, bridge and culvertmaintenance and tunnel maintenance.
(6) Validate the validity of models by using solid cases.
本研究实施和完成后，其研究成果将系统地解决在确定山东省高速公路主体及其沿线设施、绿化、大型结构物养护维修费用时遇到的技术难点以及其他运营管理经费的分配问题，确保山东省高速公路运营管理经费的使用更科学。
（1）构建了山东省高速公路养护维修率指标体系。通过公路病害及其损坏机理分析确定公路养护维修率对象分别为公路路基、公路路面、公路沿线设施、公路绿化和公路结构物等五大维修率指标。
（2）明确了高速公路各项维修率各项指标，构建了高速公路养护维修率综合指标体系，共五大类12个指标，并提出各项指标的内容和影响因素。为下一步公路养护维修率模型计算变量的提出奠定理论基础。
（3）提出公路工程质量系数、专项维修年限折算系数等概念，解决公路工程质量、大中修处理对公路养护维修率预测的影响问题。为模型的建立和研究确定了相应变量
（4）利用多种数学方法，建立高速公路养护维修率预测模型，包括路面坑槽养护维修率预测模型和路面裂缝养护维修率预测模型。为量化研究高速公路养护及维修经费的预测和规划奠定基础。
（5）针对养护和小修等内容，利用不同的指标，建立了养护维修工程量预测模型。模型包括路肩养护、边坡防护、排水、路面保养、标志标线养护、沿线设施养护、绿化养护、桥涵养护、隧道养护等工程项目内容的相关预测模型与方法。
（6）通过实例，验证了所建立模型的有效性。
Highway operation and management has been attached more and more attention sincehigh way is completed and put into use. Particular attention should go to maintenancemanagement because weathering and damage of the highway main body, facilities, plantingand large structures along the highway will pose great impact on the volume, capacity,comfort and safety of transportation. Timely maintenance and repair can ensure the status andservice of highway, provide a safe, rapid, comfortable, economical and exquisite runningenvironment, and finally improve the financial and social benefits of the road. Maintenanceand repair cost accounts for a big percentage in highway operation. To maximize the fundefficiency and reduce operation cost, it is a must to make scientific and reasonablemaintenance and repair budget and draft cost quota. Annual highway maintenance and repairrate is an important basis for determining maintenance budget.
The results of the this study can provide a systematical resolution for technical problemand budget allocation for maintenance and repair of highway main body and facilities,planting, and large structures along the highway, and can help to ensure a more scientificbudget use in Shangdong Province.
(1) Establish Shandong highway maintenance and repair index system. Five maintenancerate indices including roadbed, pavement, facilities along the road, planting and structuresare determined based on highway diseases and their mechanisms.
(2) Identify various indices for highway maintenance and repair rate, establish highwaymaintenance and repair index system including5categories and12indices, and also putforward the content and factors of each index. Lay theoretical foundation for variables ofhighway maintenance rate models.
(3) Put forward concepts like highway project quality factor, years of specific repairconvention, solve problems of highway project quality, large and medium repair rateprediction. Provide relevant variables for modelling and study.
(4) Establish highway maintenance and repair rate prediction models including pavementpit maintenance rate prediction model and pavement crack maintenance prediction model byusing various mathematical methods. Lay foundation for quantitative study of highway maintenance and maintenance budget prediction and planning.
(5) Establish maintenance and repair project prediction models for maintenance andsmall repair by using different indices. The models include prediction models and methods forroad shoulder maintenance, slope protection, drainage, pavement maintenance, sign andmarking maintenance, facility maintenance, planting maintenance, bridge and culvertmaintenance and tunnel maintenance.
(6) Validate the validity of models by using solid cases.
引文
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