复杂矿体结构三维建模与储量计算方法研究
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摘要
在各种矿产资源中，铀矿资源既是一种战略资源，又是重要的能源矿产，在国防和国民经济建设中具有非常重要的地位。和世界上其他国家比较，我国是铀矿资源不甚丰富的一个国家，勘探手段和程度都远低于发达国家水平，急需加强资源勘探与开发综合利用技术研究。随着计算机信息技术特别是地理信息技术与三维图形技术的发展，将地理信息技术、三维地质建模技术及三维可视化技术应用到固体矿产勘探、开发与管理中，是目前矿产资源勘探开发中的重要研究方向。
论文以某地区铀矿床为研究对象，通过分析该区域的矿床结构特征和勘探数据特点，建立了一套针对复杂铀矿床的三维地质建模及储量计算方法技术体系，并开发了铀矿三维建模及储量计算可视化软件系统。通过对该矿区的矿床建模和储量计算实验，验证了方法技术的正确性，对于指导该区域的进一步勘探与开发具有重要的实用意义。
论文针对铀矿结构特征和勘探数据特点，提出了采用三角网构模和广义三棱柱体元构模方法，分别用于构建矿体的表面模型和建立矿体内部属性模型；在三维建模中，采取了基于剖面重构的三维建模方法。考虑铀矿特殊的成矿条件，在勘探线上矿体形态呈现复杂，边缘尖锐，以及在相邻勘探线上矿体形态差异较大等特点，论文提出了一种基于矿体轮廓多边形变形技术的三维剖面重建方法。首先从勘探线中提取出矿体的轮廓边缘，经过将复杂多边形简化处理成简单多边形，然后采用同构三角网剖分及多边形插值技术生成中间多边形，最后采用等分线法将中间多边形对应连接生成三维矿体的表面。在矿体内部属性建模中，为了更好地适应矿体的边界，论文采用了基于广义三棱柱体元建模方法，并实现了三维网格剖分、网格节点插值，以及矿体边界处理等关键技术问题，成功构建了矿体内部属性模型。在对矿区储量估算中，论文提出了结合三维地质模型的Kriging储量计算方法。通过计算研究区样本数据的实验变异函数，利用Kriging插值算法生成了矿体三维空间的品位分布；然后利用矿体表面模型对矿体品位边界进行约束处理，最后通过统计矿体内体元数目和资源量得到矿体的储量。论文还研究并实现了在建模过程中涉及到的各种三维可视化与交互技术，如MC算法、LOD算法，三维图形的选择、旋转、缩放，切片制作、图形切割及虚拟漫游等，提高了建模过程的自动化，增强了三维操作的互动性与实境感。
In various minerals, uranium resources is not only a strategic resource, but alsois an important energy resources, it has a very important position in the nationaldefense and national economy construction. Compared with other countries in theworld, China is not rich of uranium resources, the degree of exploration is far belowthe level of the developed countries, and needs to strengthen the resources explorationand the technology research of comprehensive utilization. With the development ofcomputer information technology,especially the development of geographicinformation technology and3D graphics technology, geographic informationtechnology,3D geological modeling technology and3D visualization technology areapplied to the development and management of solid mineral exploration, which isone of the important research direction of reservation and calculation of mineralresources, it can improve the utilization efficiency of resources, enhance theexploration level and reduce the cost of exploration and management.
This paper takes uranium ore field of Ruergai area in Sichuan Province as theresearch object. Through the analysis of survey data and deposit structure features inthis area, established a set of3D geological modeling of complex uranium deposit andreserves estimation methods technology system, and also developed the3D modelingand reserves of uranium calculation visualization software system. Through thecomparision of the ore deposit modeling and reserves estimation experiments, verifiedthe correctness of the method and technology, which has an important practicalsignificance for further exploration and development in this area.
This paper analysis the structure characteristics of mining uranium andexploration data features, proposes the triangular mesh model and the generalizedthree prism element modeling method, which were used to establish surface model orebody and internal attribute distribution of ore body; In the3D modeling, takes the3Dmodeling method based on the profile reconstruction. Considering the specialmetallogenic conditions of the uranium, complex, in the exploration line the edgesharp,as well as the great difference in characteristics of the adjacent line shape of oreexploration, this paper presents a method for3D reconstruction based on contourdeformation technology. First extracted from contour edge orebody exploration line inpolygon, after simplified into a simple polygon, and then the compatible triangulationand polygonal interpolation technique to generate the intermediate polygon, thecorresponding connection to generate3D orebody surface by the bisector method. Inthe internal property modeling, in order to better adapt to the boundary of ore body, the volume element modeling method based on generalized three prism, and therealization of the technology of3D mesh, grid interpolation and boundary treatmentmethods, to construct the internal property model of ore. In the estimation of miningarea reserves,this paper proposed the Kriging reserve estimation method of thecombination of3D geological model. Through the experimental variation functioncalculation of the sample data, using Kriging interpolation algorithm to generate3Dorebody distribution; Then the constraint on the boundary of the orebody tasteorebody surface model, finally orebody reserve produced by the statistical elementnumber and the amount of resources. This paper also study and realize the3Dvisualization and interaction techniques in the process of modeling, such as MCalgorithm, LOD algorithm,3D graphics options, rotation, scaling, paraffin sections,graph cut and virtual roaming.
论文以某地区铀矿床为研究对象，通过分析该区域的矿床结构特征和勘探数据特点，建立了一套针对复杂铀矿床的三维地质建模及储量计算方法技术体系，并开发了铀矿三维建模及储量计算可视化软件系统。通过对该矿区的矿床建模和储量计算实验，验证了方法技术的正确性，对于指导该区域的进一步勘探与开发具有重要的实用意义。
论文针对铀矿结构特征和勘探数据特点，提出了采用三角网构模和广义三棱柱体元构模方法，分别用于构建矿体的表面模型和建立矿体内部属性模型；在三维建模中，采取了基于剖面重构的三维建模方法。考虑铀矿特殊的成矿条件，在勘探线上矿体形态呈现复杂，边缘尖锐，以及在相邻勘探线上矿体形态差异较大等特点，论文提出了一种基于矿体轮廓多边形变形技术的三维剖面重建方法。首先从勘探线中提取出矿体的轮廓边缘，经过将复杂多边形简化处理成简单多边形，然后采用同构三角网剖分及多边形插值技术生成中间多边形，最后采用等分线法将中间多边形对应连接生成三维矿体的表面。在矿体内部属性建模中，为了更好地适应矿体的边界，论文采用了基于广义三棱柱体元建模方法，并实现了三维网格剖分、网格节点插值，以及矿体边界处理等关键技术问题，成功构建了矿体内部属性模型。在对矿区储量估算中，论文提出了结合三维地质模型的Kriging储量计算方法。通过计算研究区样本数据的实验变异函数，利用Kriging插值算法生成了矿体三维空间的品位分布；然后利用矿体表面模型对矿体品位边界进行约束处理，最后通过统计矿体内体元数目和资源量得到矿体的储量。论文还研究并实现了在建模过程中涉及到的各种三维可视化与交互技术，如MC算法、LOD算法，三维图形的选择、旋转、缩放，切片制作、图形切割及虚拟漫游等，提高了建模过程的自动化，增强了三维操作的互动性与实境感。
In various minerals, uranium resources is not only a strategic resource, but alsois an important energy resources, it has a very important position in the nationaldefense and national economy construction. Compared with other countries in theworld, China is not rich of uranium resources, the degree of exploration is far belowthe level of the developed countries, and needs to strengthen the resources explorationand the technology research of comprehensive utilization. With the development ofcomputer information technology,especially the development of geographicinformation technology and3D graphics technology, geographic informationtechnology,3D geological modeling technology and3D visualization technology areapplied to the development and management of solid mineral exploration, which isone of the important research direction of reservation and calculation of mineralresources, it can improve the utilization efficiency of resources, enhance theexploration level and reduce the cost of exploration and management.
This paper takes uranium ore field of Ruergai area in Sichuan Province as theresearch object. Through the analysis of survey data and deposit structure features inthis area, established a set of3D geological modeling of complex uranium deposit andreserves estimation methods technology system, and also developed the3D modelingand reserves of uranium calculation visualization software system. Through thecomparision of the ore deposit modeling and reserves estimation experiments, verifiedthe correctness of the method and technology, which has an important practicalsignificance for further exploration and development in this area.
This paper analysis the structure characteristics of mining uranium andexploration data features, proposes the triangular mesh model and the generalizedthree prism element modeling method, which were used to establish surface model orebody and internal attribute distribution of ore body; In the3D modeling, takes the3Dmodeling method based on the profile reconstruction. Considering the specialmetallogenic conditions of the uranium, complex, in the exploration line the edgesharp,as well as the great difference in characteristics of the adjacent line shape of oreexploration, this paper presents a method for3D reconstruction based on contourdeformation technology. First extracted from contour edge orebody exploration line inpolygon, after simplified into a simple polygon, and then the compatible triangulationand polygonal interpolation technique to generate the intermediate polygon, thecorresponding connection to generate3D orebody surface by the bisector method. Inthe internal property modeling, in order to better adapt to the boundary of ore body, the volume element modeling method based on generalized three prism, and therealization of the technology of3D mesh, grid interpolation and boundary treatmentmethods, to construct the internal property model of ore. In the estimation of miningarea reserves,this paper proposed the Kriging reserve estimation method of thecombination of3D geological model. Through the experimental variation functioncalculation of the sample data, using Kriging interpolation algorithm to generate3Dorebody distribution; Then the constraint on the boundary of the orebody tasteorebody surface model, finally orebody reserve produced by the statistical elementnumber and the amount of resources. This paper also study and realize the3Dvisualization and interaction techniques in the process of modeling, such as MCalgorithm, LOD algorithm,3D graphics options, rotation, scaling, paraffin sections,graph cut and virtual roaming.
引文
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