黑龙江省五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻研究
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摘要
硅质鳞片金藻是浮游植物金藻门中的一个重要的类群,体表一般具有硅质的鳞片和刺。硅质鳞片金藻主要生活在淡水当中,在淡水藻类中占有很重要的地位。本文对黑龙江省五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻的种类及生态进行了研究,包括五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻的种类描述、五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻的分布特点、五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻的TWINSPAN双向指示种分析、五个湿地保护区硅质鳞片金藻与水环境因子的关系等等。
黑龙江省五个湿地保护区共发现硅质鳞片金藻3科5属54种及变型,其中鱼鳞藻科种数最多,1属37种及变型,占总数的68.52%,黄群藻科次之,1属11种及变型,占总数的20.37%,近囊胞藻科种数最少,3属6种,占总数的11.11%。其中,鱼鳞藻属鱼鳞组发现1个新种——不对称M. asymmetrica,另外发现17种中国新纪录,包括：长刺金球藻Ch.longispina、齿状刺胞藻S.serrata、鱼尾鱼鳞藻(暂定)M.ouradion、莱沃尼卡鱼鳞藻M.transsylvanica、辐射鱼鳞薄M.actinoloma、梳状鱼鳞藻(暂定)M. cristata、乐伯梅鱼鳞藻(暂定)M.leboimei、泽勒鱼鳞藻M.zellensis、散刺鱼鳞藻M. lelymene钉尾鱼鳞藻M.clavus(暂定),东方鱼鳞藻M.eoa(暂定),锯齿鱼鳞藻M. serrata,无色鱼鳞藻M.phasma(暂定)、彼得森黄群藻库夫变型S. peterseniif. kufferathii,自立黄群藻S.leptorrhabda,指向黄群藻S.punctulosa和拉普兰黄群藻S. lapponica。但是魏印心曾经在大兴安岭和五大连池及其它的地方也发现过Ch. longispina, S.lapponica, M. lelymene, M.eoa, M. actinoloma, Synura petersenii f. kufferathii, M. torquata S. leptorrhabda这8种中国新纪录,在2012年的国际金藻会议上讨论过部分种类,目前没有完全公开发表。
黑龙江省五个湿地保护区共发现硅质鳞片金藻54种及变种,其中广泛分布型31种,占总数的57.41%；复合型10种,占总数的18.52%；北温带型6种,占总数的11.11%；极地型3种,占总数的0.06%；地方型4种,占总数的0.07%。
通过TWINSPAN双向指示种分析表明,硅质鳞片金藻具有很好的指示作用,不同种类具有不同的生态分布特点,尤其是指向鱼鳞藻S. punctulosa、高山鱼鳞藻等可以作为生态环境指示种,能够将不同类型的生态环境进行区分。通过CCA分析表明,影响硅质鳞片金藻分布的主要水环境因子为电导率、温度和氯离子浓度,pH值、叶绿素不是主要环境因子,CCA分析结果同TWINSPAN分析结果一致。
Silica-scaled chrysophytes was the most important part of phytoplankton. Cell often covered with siliced scales and bristles. It mainly occurred in freshwater. This paper researched silica-scaled chrsophtes in Five National Wetland Reserve of Heilongjiang Province, included that characteristic of silica-scaled chrysophtes, description of silica-sacled chrysophytes species, biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes, TWTNSPAN analysis of silica-scaled chrysophytes and relation of silica-scaled chrysophytes and water chemistry. The results suggested that54species were found in Five National Wetland Preserve of Heilongjiang Province. Mallomonas speices have37, account to68.52%; Synura species have11, account to20.37%, Paraphysomonas only have6, account to11.11%. And we found1new species and17new records for China. The new species is M. asymmetrica, and new records included that Ch. longispina、S.serrata、M. ouradion、M. transsylvanica、M.actinoloma、M. cristata、 M. leboimei、M. zellensis、M. lelymene、M. clavus, M.eoa, M. serrata, M. phasma、 S. petersenii f. kufferathii, S. leptorrhabda,S. punctulosa S. lapponica。 Wei Yinxin has ever found eight species in other place, Chrysosphaerella longispina, S.lapponica; M. ouradion, M. lelymene, M. eoa, M. actinoloma, Synura petersenu f. kufferathii, S. leptorrhabda, but her still published them in journal.
These species have different distributed types, including31widely distributed, accuount to57.41%;10cosmoplitian, account to18.52%;6northern temperate, account to11.11%;3bipolar and4endemic species.
Twinspan analysis suggested that silica-scaled chrysophtes can indicate to different water quality, especially S. punctulosa and M.alpina were the indictors of pH and water quality. And CCA analysis suggested that Cond, Temperature, Cl-were the main factors, while pH and chl-a was not. CCA analysis accorded to Twinspan analysis.
黑龙江省五个湿地保护区共发现硅质鳞片金藻3科5属54种及变型,其中鱼鳞藻科种数最多,1属37种及变型,占总数的68.52%,黄群藻科次之,1属11种及变型,占总数的20.37%,近囊胞藻科种数最少,3属6种,占总数的11.11%。其中,鱼鳞藻属鱼鳞组发现1个新种——不对称M. asymmetrica,另外发现17种中国新纪录,包括：长刺金球藻Ch.longispina、齿状刺胞藻S.serrata、鱼尾鱼鳞藻(暂定)M.ouradion、莱沃尼卡鱼鳞藻M.transsylvanica、辐射鱼鳞薄M.actinoloma、梳状鱼鳞藻(暂定)M. cristata、乐伯梅鱼鳞藻(暂定)M.leboimei、泽勒鱼鳞藻M.zellensis、散刺鱼鳞藻M. lelymene钉尾鱼鳞藻M.clavus(暂定),东方鱼鳞藻M.eoa(暂定),锯齿鱼鳞藻M. serrata,无色鱼鳞藻M.phasma(暂定)、彼得森黄群藻库夫变型S. peterseniif. kufferathii,自立黄群藻S.leptorrhabda,指向黄群藻S.punctulosa和拉普兰黄群藻S. lapponica。但是魏印心曾经在大兴安岭和五大连池及其它的地方也发现过Ch. longispina, S.lapponica, M. lelymene, M.eoa, M. actinoloma, Synura petersenii f. kufferathii, M. torquata S. leptorrhabda这8种中国新纪录,在2012年的国际金藻会议上讨论过部分种类,目前没有完全公开发表。
黑龙江省五个湿地保护区共发现硅质鳞片金藻54种及变种,其中广泛分布型31种,占总数的57.41%；复合型10种,占总数的18.52%；北温带型6种,占总数的11.11%；极地型3种,占总数的0.06%；地方型4种,占总数的0.07%。
通过TWINSPAN双向指示种分析表明,硅质鳞片金藻具有很好的指示作用,不同种类具有不同的生态分布特点,尤其是指向鱼鳞藻S. punctulosa、高山鱼鳞藻等可以作为生态环境指示种,能够将不同类型的生态环境进行区分。通过CCA分析表明,影响硅质鳞片金藻分布的主要水环境因子为电导率、温度和氯离子浓度,pH值、叶绿素不是主要环境因子,CCA分析结果同TWINSPAN分析结果一致。
Silica-scaled chrysophytes was the most important part of phytoplankton. Cell often covered with siliced scales and bristles. It mainly occurred in freshwater. This paper researched silica-scaled chrsophtes in Five National Wetland Reserve of Heilongjiang Province, included that characteristic of silica-scaled chrysophtes, description of silica-sacled chrysophytes species, biogeography of silica-scaled chrysophytes, TWTNSPAN analysis of silica-scaled chrysophytes and relation of silica-scaled chrysophytes and water chemistry. The results suggested that54species were found in Five National Wetland Preserve of Heilongjiang Province. Mallomonas speices have37, account to68.52%; Synura species have11, account to20.37%, Paraphysomonas only have6, account to11.11%. And we found1new species and17new records for China. The new species is M. asymmetrica, and new records included that Ch. longispina、S.serrata、M. ouradion、M. transsylvanica、M.actinoloma、M. cristata、 M. leboimei、M. zellensis、M. lelymene、M. clavus, M.eoa, M. serrata, M. phasma、 S. petersenii f. kufferathii, S. leptorrhabda,S. punctulosa S. lapponica。 Wei Yinxin has ever found eight species in other place, Chrysosphaerella longispina, S.lapponica; M. ouradion, M. lelymene, M. eoa, M. actinoloma, Synura petersenu f. kufferathii, S. leptorrhabda, but her still published them in journal.
These species have different distributed types, including31widely distributed, accuount to57.41%;10cosmoplitian, account to18.52%;6northern temperate, account to11.11%;3bipolar and4endemic species.
Twinspan analysis suggested that silica-scaled chrysophtes can indicate to different water quality, especially S. punctulosa and M.alpina were the indictors of pH and water quality. And CCA analysis suggested that Cond, Temperature, Cl-were the main factors, while pH and chl-a was not. CCA analysis accorded to Twinspan analysis.
引文
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