用户名: 密码: 验证码:
产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
20世纪90年代以来,在经济全球化、信息化和网络化的推动下,产业集群以其旺盛的生命力和强劲的竞争力成为区域经济乃至国家经济发展的一支重要力量。与此同时,产业集群品牌战略作为提升产业集群竞争力的重要途径也受到学者们的日益关注。但是目前关于产业集群品牌的研究主要集中在对以产业集群为载体的产业集群整体品牌的研究上,而对集群内部诸多的产品品牌和企业品牌以及品牌之间、品牌与环境之间的有机联系和共生关系的研究比较薄弱。事实上,产业集群不仅是一个企业群落,也是一个品牌群落。仔细审视产业集群品牌,它具有明显的生态特征,产业集群内部诸多品牌及其环境构成一个品牌生态系统:品牌个体具有品牌个性、品牌生命周期等生命特征;争夺同一资源的品牌由于生态位相似构成一个品牌种群;不同的品牌种群又通过产业价值链连接成品牌群落;品牌群落及其支持性环境构成品牌生态系统。
     生态系统的本质是协同进化。生态系统中的生物之间、生物与环境之间存在着协同进化关系,一个物种的进化会改变作用于其他生物的选择压力,从而引起其他生物的适应性变化,而这种变化又会引起相关物种的进一步变化,从而推动整个生态系统的进化。与自然生态系统相似,产业集群品牌生态系统也是协同进化的。产业集群品牌生态系统中的某些相关要素会促进某一品牌的进化,该品牌又通过自身的进化影响相关要素的进化,而相关要素的进化又进一步改变着该品牌的进化路径,最终导致整个品牌生态系统的进化。产业集群品牌生态系统作为一个开放的、共生的生态系统,一方面,系统内部的品牌之间时刻发生着互动,通过一系列协同机制相互协调、共同进化;另一方面,品牌与环境之间也通过物质、能量与信息的交流相互作用、协同进化。本文结合产业集群品牌所具有的生态学特征,运用生态学、协同进化等理论,采用隐喻分析、定量分析、模拟仿真分析、案例分析等多种研究方法,对产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化问题进行研究,为产业集群品牌研究提供一个新的视角。
     本文首先从生态学角度出发,提出了产业集群品牌生态系统的概念,分析了产业集群品牌生态系统的层次、结构、特征、生态因子和生态位,构建了产业集群品牌生态系统的理论体系,为产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化研究奠定了理论基础;其次,本文运用协同进化理论对产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的主体、动因及效应进行了分析,重点解决产业集群品牌生态系统为什么要协同进化的问题;再次,本文从品牌种群内部、品牌种群之间以及品牌种群与外部环境之间三个层面构建了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的模式,提出了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的保障机制。在定性分析的基础上,构建了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的模型,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件对品牌种群间(含品牌个体之间)的协同进化过程进行了模拟,进一步验证了生态学模型在品牌群落协同进化中的适用性,重点解决产业集群品牌生态系统怎样协同进化的问题;最后,运用产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化理论对大连服装产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的案例进行了研究。
     基于上述研究,本文得出以下主要结论:
     (1)产业集群内部众多的企业品牌及其环境构成产业集群品牌生态系统。该系统具有一定的层次、结构和功能,这就要求我们用开放的、系统的、有机的、联系的观点来研究产业集群内部的品牌之间以及品牌与环境之间的协同进化关系,这样才能更好地诠释集群企业品牌成长的现象和规律,促进集群企业品牌的成长,为产业集群的持续发展奠定坚实的基础。
     (2)环境选择的压力、市场效应的拉力和系统成员自身发展的动力是产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的主要动因。产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化能将不同品牌的优势整合到系统中来,使系统成员共同应对复杂多变的外部环境;能够产生一系列市场效应;能为系统成员带来非系统成员所无法获得的更大的利益;有利于维持系统的稳定,为系统成员提供良好的发展环境。
     (3)产业集群品牌生态系统的不同层次采用不同的协同进化模式。产业集群品牌生态系统的协同进化包含三个层次:品牌种群内部的品牌个体之间的协同进化,品牌种群之间的协同进化,品牌群落与外部环境的协同进化。品牌种群内部的协同进化是通过品牌个体之间生态位的不断扩展、重叠与分离的过程实现的;品牌种群之间的协同进化模式取决于品牌种群之间的关系。当品牌种群之间存在竞争关系时,主要采用竞争共生模式。当品牌种群之间存在互利关系时,主要采用互利共生模式;品牌群落与环境之间通过物质、能量与信息的流动形成一个相互作用的整体,品牌个体、品牌种群、品牌群落在适应环境与影响环境的过程中实现与环境的共同进化。
     (4)生态学模型在产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化中具有一定的适用性。本文构建了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的模型,并且运用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件对品牌种群间(含品牌个体之间)的协同进化过程进行了模拟仿真,进一步验证了生态学模型在品牌群落协同进化中的适用性。
     本研究的主要贡献在于将产业集群品牌理论、组织生态学理论和协同进化理论有机地结合起来,提出了一个多层嵌套的产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的研究框架,分析了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的动因及效应,提出了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的模式和机制,构建了产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的模型并进行了模拟仿真,本研究在研究视角、研究思路和研究方法等方面都具备一定的创新性。
Since the1990s, with the promotion of economic globalization, information andnetworking, industrial clusters have become an important factor for both regional andnational economic development because of its vigorous vitality and strongcompetitiveness. At the same time, the brand strategy of industrial clusters, as animportant way to enhance the competitiveness of industrial clusters, has increasinglycaptured many scholars’ attention.But at present the study on the brand of industrialclusters is mainly focused on the study on the general brand of industrial cluster withindustrial cluster as a carrier.While the study on product brands and enterprise brandswithin clusters,and on organic connections and symbiotic relationships amongbrands,and between brands and environment is rather weak.In fact, an industrial cluster isnot only an enterprise community, but also a brand community. A careful review on thebrands of industrial clusters shows that they obviously have many ecologicalcharacteristics. The brands and their environment within the industrial clustersconstitute a brand ecosystem. Individual brand has its own brand characteristics such asbrand personality, brand life cycle, etc. Those brands competing for the same resourcesconstitute a brand population because of their similar niche; different brand populationsare connected into a brand community by industrial value chain;and different brandcommunities and their supportive environment eventually form a brand ecosystem.
     The essence of ecosystem is the co-evolution.There exists co-evolution withinorganisms, and between organisms and the environment. The evolution of one specieswill change the selection pressures acting on other organisms, which will cause theadaptive changes among other organisms.And this kind of change will cause furtherchanges in relevant species, so as to promote the evolution of an entire ecosystem.Similar to the natural ecosystem, brand ecosystem of industrial clusters also showscharacteristics of co-evolution. Some related elements of brand ecosystem of industrialclusters will promote the evolution of a specific brand, which will influence the evolutionof some relevant elements through its own evolution.And, the evolution of therelevant elements will further change the path of evolution of the specific brand, which will eventually lead to the evolution of the entire brand ecological system.The brandecosystem of industrial clusters is an open and symbiotic system,in which, on the onehand, brands interact with each other all the time and thus achieve coordination andco-evolution through a series of cooperative mechanisms; on the other hand, brandsinteract and co-operate with environment through the sharing of materials, energies andinformation.Combined with ecological characteristics of the brands of industrial clusters,this essay centers on the research into the co-evolution of brand ecosystem of industrialclusters based on theories of ecology and co-evolution, employing such techniques asmetaphor analysis, quantitative analysis, simulation analysis, case analysis, etc. Thisessay is aimed at providing a new perspective for the study of the brands of industrialclusters.
     Firstly, this essay begins from the theory of ecology,puts forward the concept ofbrand system of industrial clusters, analyzes the level, structure, characteristics,ecological factors and niche for the brand ecosystem of industrial clusters, constructs thetheoretical system of brand ecosystem of industrial clusters, which lays the theoreticalfoundation for the research into the co-evolution of brand ecosystem of industrial clusters.Secondly, with the help of the theory of co-evolution, this essay analyzes the main bodyand cause and effect of the co-evolution of brand ecosystem of industrial clustersfocusing on solving the problem of why the brand ecosystem of industrial clusters needsto evolve coordinately. Thirdly, this essay constitutes the mode of co-evolution of brandecosystem of industrial clusters on three levels(within one brand population,amongpopulations and between populations and external environment),puts forwardthe guarantee mechanism of co-evolution of brand ecosystem of industrial clusters.Onthe basis of qualitative analysis, this essay establishes a co-evolutionary model for brandecosystem of industrial clusters, simulates the process of co-evolution between brandpopulations(including among brand individuals)using the Matlab/Simulink simulationsoftware, further verifies the applicability of ecological model in the co-evolution ofbrand community, and focuses on the problem about how to ensure co-evolution of thebrand ecosystem of industrial clusters. Lastly, this essay makes a study on the case ofco-evolution of brand ecosystem of apparel industry cluster in Dalian using the co-evolutionary theory of brand ecosystem of industry clusters.Based on the researchmentioned above, this essay obtains the following conclusions:
     (1)The numerous enterprise brands and their environment constitute a brandecosystem of industrial clusters.This system has its own levels, structures and functions,which require us to study the co-evolutionary relationship among brands,and betweenbrands and environment within the industrial clusters. We must accomplish this study inan open, systematic, organic and connected way so as to better interpret the phenomenonand regularity of brand growth within the industrial clusters, promote the development ofthe enterprise brands of industrial clusters and lay solid foundation for the sustainabledevelopment of the industrial clusters.
     (2) The main reasons for co-evolution of brand ecosystem of industrial clusters areenvironmental selection pressure, propelling force from market effect and motivationfrom system members’self-development.The co-evolution of brand ecosystem ofindustrial clusters can pool the different brand advantages into the system, enables themembers in the system to cope with the volatile external environment jointly, produces aseries of market effects, brings the members greater benefits that are not available to nonmembers,which is conducive to maintain the system stability and provides gooddevelopment environment for the members.
     (3) Different co-evolutionary modes are adopted in the different levels of brandecosystem of industrial clusters. There are three levels of the co-evolution of brandecosystem of industrial clusters: the co-evolution among brand individuals in the brandpopulation, the co-evolution among brand populations, and the co-evolution betweenbrand community and its environment. The co-evolution within the brand population isrealized through the constant expansion, overlap and separation of the individuals’ niche.The co-evolution among brand populations is determined by the relationship betweenthese populations. When there exists competing relationships between populations, themode is mainly competition; when there exists mutual benefits, the mode is mainlymutualism. Brand community and its environment form an interactive integrationthrough the flow among materials, energies and information. Brand individuals, brandpopulations and brand communities realize the co-evolution with the environmentthrough the processes of adapting to and influencing the environment.
     (4) The ecology model has its applicability in the co-evolution of brand ecosystemof industrial clusters. This essay establishes the models for co-evolution of brandecosystem of industrial clusters. Moreover, this essay simulates the process ofco-evolution among brand population(sincluding among brand individuals)with the useof Matlab/Simulink simulation software, which further verifies the adaptivity ofecological models in the co-evolution of brand community.
     The main contribution of this study lies in the wise combination of the theories ofindustrial cluster brands, organizational ecology and co-evolution.It puts forward aresearch framework for co-evolution in multi-nested brand ecosystem of industrialclusters, analyzes the cause and effect of the co-evolution of brand ecosystem ofindustrial clusters, come up with the modes and mechanisms of the co-evolution ofbrand ecosystem of industrial clusters, builds up the models for the co-evolution of brandecosystem of industrial clusters and simulates them. The study is quite innovative inresearch perspective, research ideas and research methods,etc.
引文
①张树义.协同进化(一)——相互作用与进化理论[J].生物学通报,1996,31(11):35-36
    ①Volberda, H. W., A. Y. Lewin.Coevolutionary dynamics within and between firms: from evolution to co-evolution[J].Journal of Management Studies,2003,40(8). P2128
    ①常杰,葛滢.生物多样性的自组织、起源和演化[J].生态学报,2001,21(7):1180-1186
    ②孙儒泳,李庆芬等.基础生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002
    ①Levins, R. Evolution in Changing Environments[M]. Princeton University Press, New Jersey, USA.1986
    ①E Pianka.The structure of lizard communities [J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,25(4):35-74
    ①尚玉昌.普通生态学(第三版)[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010
    [1] Anoop Madhok, Carl Liu. A co-evolutionary theory of the multinational firm [J].Journal of International Management,2006,12(1):1-21
    [2] Arie Y Lewin, Chris P Long, Timothy N. Carroll. The co-evolution of neworganizational forms [J]. Organization Science,1999,10(5):535-550
    [3] Burleigh B Gardner, Sidney J Levy.The product and the brand[J].Harvard BusinessReview,1995(4):33-39
    [4] David A.Aaker. Brand equity and advertising[M]. Hillsdale: Lawrence ErlbaumAssociates,1993
    [5] David Keeble, Clive Lawson, Barry Moore, Frank Wilkinsons.Collective learningprocesses, net-working and “institutional thickness” in the Cambridgeregion[J].Regional Studies,1999,33(4):319-332
    [6] E Pianka.The structure of lizard communities [J].Annual Review of Ecology andSystematics,1973,25(4):35-74
    [7] Ehrlich, P. R., P. H. Raven. Butterflies and plants: a study in coevolution[J].Evolution,1964,(8)
    [8] Elsie M.Management brand in the new stakeholder environment[J].Journal ofBusiness Ethics,2003(44):235-246
    [9] Filipe M. Santos. The co-evolution of firms and their knowledge environmentinsights from the pharmaceutical industry [J]. Technological Forecasting&SocialChange,2003(70):687-715
    [10]Frans A. J, Van den Bosch, Henk W. Volberda. Co-evolution of firm absorptivecapacity and knowledge environment: Organizational forms and combinativecapabilities [J]. Organization Science,1999,10(5):535-550
    [11]Garavaglia C., Breschi S. The co-evolution of entrepreneurship and clusters[J].Journal,2009,(Issue):95-116
    [12]Gavin C. Reida, Julia A. Smith. A co-evolutionary analysis of organisational systemsand processes: Quantitative applications to information system dynamics in smallentrepreneurial firms [J]. Critical Perspectives on Accounting,2009(2):1-20
    [13]George Allen.Place branding: New tools for economic development [J]. DesignManagement Review,2007,18(2):60-68
    [14]Henderson A. D., Stern I.Selection-based learning: The co-evolution of internal andexternal selection in high-velocity environments [J]. Administrative ScienceQuarterly,2004,49(1):39-75
    [15]Henk W.Volberda, Arie Y.Lewin. Co-evolutionary dynamics within and betweenfirms: from evolution to co-evolution [J]. Journal of Management Studies,2003,40(8):2111-2136
    [16]J.Wilson, N.Hynes.Co-evolution of firms and strategic alliances-theory andempirical evidence[J].Technological Forecasting&Social Change,2009(76):620-628
    [17]James F Moore. Predators and prey: A new ecology of competition [J]. HarvardBusiness Review,1993,71(3):75-86
    [18]James F.Mooer.The death of competition:Leadership and strategy in the age ofbusiness ecosystem [M].Harper Collins Publishers Inc.,1996
    [19]Jordan C. F. Do ecosystem exist [M].Am. Nat,1981
    [20]Joseph Abe, Kandiah Gajen.The new business ecosystem[J].Strategy&Leadership,1998,25(5):28-33
    [21]Jouhtio M. Z. Co-evolution of industry and its institutional environment[R].TheInstitute of Strategy and International Business in Helsinki University ofTechnology,2006,(Issue)
    [22]Kallis G.. Socio-environmental co-evolution:Some ideas for an analytical approach[J].The International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology,2007,(14):4-13
    [23]Kallis G..When is it co-evolution?[J]. Ecological Economics,2007,62(1):1-6
    [24]Larry E Greiner.Evolution and revolution as organizations grow[J].HarvardBusiness Review,1998(3):55-66
    [25]Levins R. Evolution in changing environments[M]. US. Princeton University Press,1986
    [26]Lewin A. Y., Long C. P., Carroll T. N.. The co-evolution of new organizationalforms[J]. Organization Science,1999,10(5):535-542
    [27]Lewin, A Y, Volberda, H W. Prolegomena on co-evolution:A framework forresearch on strategy and new organizational forms[J].Organization Science,1999,(5):520
    [28]Madhok,A. C.Liu.“A co-evolutionary theory of the multinational firm”[J].Journal ofInternational Management,2006(12):1-21
    [29]Marco A.Janssen, Brian H.Walker, Jennv Langridge, Nick Abel.An adaptive agentmodel for analyzing co-evolution of management and policies in a complexrangeland system [J].Ecological Modelling,2000(131):249-268
    [30]Marie-Laure Djelic, Antti Ainamo. The co-evolution of new organizational forms inthe fashion industry: A historical and comparative study of France, Italy, and theUnited States [J]. Organization Science,1999,10(5):622-637
    [31]Marjolijn S. Dijksterhuis, Frans A. J. Van den Bosch. Where do new organizationalforms come from? Management logics as a source of co-evolution [J]. OrganizationScience,1999,10(5):569-582
    [32]Mitchell P. Koza, Arie Y.Lewin. The co-evolution of network alliances: Alongitudinal analysis of an international professional service network[J].Organization Science,1999,10(5):638-653
    [33]Moore, James F..Business ecosystems and the view from the firm[J].AntitrustBulletin,2006,51(1):31-75
    [34]Murmann J. P. Knowledge and competitive advantage: The co-evolution of firms,technology, and national institutions[M].Cambridge University Press,2003
    [35]Musap, Paul S, Trap P. Creating competitive advantage through ingredient brandingand brand ecosystem: The case of turkish cotton and textiles[J].Journal ofInternational Food and Agribusiness Management,2008(20):30-56
    [36]Nelson R. R., Winter S. G.. Firm and industry response to changed market condition:An evolutionary approach[J]. Economic Inquiry,1980,104(28):179-202
    [37]Norgaard R. Development betrayed:The end of progress and a co-evolutionaryrevisioning of the future[M]. Routledge,1994
    [38]Norgaard. Environmental economies:An evolutionary critique and plea forpluralism [J].Journal of Environmental Economies and Management,1985,12(4):382-394
    [39]Odum E P. The strategy of ecosystem development[J]. Science,1969,(164):262-270
    [40]Paul Hawken.The ecology of commerce: A declaration of sustainability [M].HarperCollins Publishers Inc.,1994
    [41]Peter Zettinig, Maureen Benson-Rea. What becomes of international new ventures aco-evolutionary approach [J].European Management Journal,2008(26):354-365
    [42]Philip Kotler, Dipak C jain, Suvit Maesincee.Marketing moves: A new approach toprofits, growth, and renewal[M].Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation,2002
    [43]Philips J.D.Self-organization and landscape evolution[J].Progress in Physicalgeography,1995,19(3):309-321
    [44]Suhornlinova, O. Toward a model of organizational co-evolution in transitioneconomies[J].Journal of Management Studies,2006,43(7):1537-1558
    [45]Tan J., Tan D. Environment-strategy co-evolution and co-alignment: A staged modelof Chinese soes under transition[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(2):141-157
    [46]Tom Duncan,Sandra Moriarty.Driving brand value: Using integrated marketing tomanage profitable stakeholder relationships [M]. Mc Graw-Hill,1997
    [47]Volberda, H W, Lewin, A Y. Co-evolutionary dynamics within and between firms:from evolution to co-evolution[J].Journal of Management Studies,2003,40(8):2111-2136
    [48]W.C.Schieve,Peter M.Allen.Self-organization and dissipative structures applicationsin the physical and social sciences[M]. University of Texas Press,1982
    [49]Winder N., McIntosh B. S., and Jeffrey P. The origin, diagnostic attributes andpractical application of co-evolutionary theory [J]. Ecological Economics,2005,54(4):347-361
    [50]Janzen,D. H. When is it co-evolution?[J].Evolution,1980,(34)
    [51]安格尼斯嘉·温克勒.快速建立品牌:新经济时代的品牌策略[M].赵怡等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2000
    [52]保罗·霍肯(Paul Hawken).商业生态学:可持续发展的宣言[M].夏善晨译.上海:上海译文出版社,2001
    [53]蔡晓明.生态系统生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
    [54]常杰,葛滢.生物多样性的自组织、起源和演化[J].生态学报,2001,21(7),1180-1186
    [55]陈和平.实施产业集群品牌战略增强区域经济竞争力[J].科技创业月刊,2006(10):3-4
    [56]陈绍愿,赵红.品牌生态学:生命原理时代的品牌控制论[J].商业时代,2006(6):37-38
    [57]大卫·艾克,爱里克·乔瑟米赛勒.品牌领导[M].曾晶译.北京:新华出版社,2001
    [58]邓恢华,杨建梅.从集群品牌视角探讨物流产业集群竞争力的提升[J].江苏商论,2008(2):67-68
    [59]邓旭东,杜晓娟.培育品牌生态环境提升企业核心竞争力[J].企业经济,2005(1):46-49
    [60]范建平,李景峰,梁嘉骅等.基于企业生态系统协同进化的管理研究[J].经济管理,2009,462(6):168-172
    [61]费明胜,陈杰.战略生态系统中的品牌生态战略管理[J].特区经济,2007(1):209-210
    [62]高红岩.品牌生态与中国电影的战略选择[J].当代电影,2013(5):16-22
    [63]高松、庄晖.品牌生态环境与品牌发展——达尔文生物进化思想对品牌发展演进的启示[J].生态经济,2007(10)76-78
    [64]郭金童,汪波.基于生态理论的自主品牌系统分析[J].电子科技大学学报(社科版),2007,9(3):26-31
    [65]郭龙军等.r选择—k选择、生态位及企业协同进化[J].管理现代化,2005(2):91-96
    [66]韩福荣,王仕卿.品牌理论发展评述[J].世界标准化与质量管理,2006(9):4-6
    [67]郝海,时洪浩.供应链企业的生态关系与协同进化[J].商业时代,2008(30):17-18
    [68]胡大立,湛飞龙,吴群.企业品牌与区域品牌的互动[J].经济管理,2006(5):44-48
    [69]胡望明.品牌生态战略的宏观管理模式研究[J].科技进步与对策,2005(6):91-92
    [70]胡望明.现代品牌生态战略的内涵及其特征分析[J].科技进步与对策,2005(6):102-103
    [71]黄俭,雷祺.品牌生态环境的机理与维护[J].企业改革与管理,2004(11):10-11
    [72]黄凯南.共同演化理论研究评述[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2008,8(4):97-101
    [73]黄喜忠,杨建梅.产业集群的品牌生态研究[J].中山大学学报(社会科学版).2006,46(5):117-222
    [74]霍春辉,刘力钢.基于创新型产业集群的辽宁装备制造业竞争力提升战略[J].辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008,36(2):116-121
    [75]李大垒,仲伟周.产业集群品牌发展模式转换的实证研究[J].商业经济与管理,2008(8):53-60
    [76]李大垒.产业集群品牌创建的影响因素[J].经济管理,2009,459(3):18-22
    [77]李大元,项保华.组织与环境共同演化理论研究述评[J].外国经济与管理,2007,29(11):9-17
    [78]李明武.产业集群的品牌生态系统进化与集群成长[J].企业经济,2010,353(1):45-47
    [79]李明武.产业集群品牌的“公地悲剧”及其治理[J].理论与改革,2009(3):158-160
    [80]李文华,韩福荣.质量生态学研究——品牌种群的进化规律[J].世界标准化与质量管理,2005(6):9-12
    [81]李晓明,陈作章.产业品牌生态分析[J].江苏商论,2011(6):113-115
    [82]李逾男.延伸还是聚焦——基于品牌生态学的企业品牌战略格局思考[J].企业经济,2008(9):45-48
    [83]梁红波.可持续发展观下品牌生态战略模式研究[J].2009,341(1):72-75
    [84]刘威,周俊颖,程国平.供应链企业协同进化策略研究[J].商业研究,2009,392(12):31-32
    [85]刘志高,王辑慈.共同进化及其空间隐喻[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版)2008,8(4):85-91
    [86]芦彩梅,梁嘉骅.产业集群协同演化模型及案例分析——以中山小榄镇五金集群为例[J].中国软科学,2009(2):142-150
    [87]陆小成,罗新星.产业集群协同演化与策略选择[J].统计与决策.2007,250(22)45-48
    [88]吕丙.产业集群的区域品牌价值与产业结构升级——以浙江省嵊州市领带产业为例[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2009,175(4):47-52
    [89]骆建艳,丁颖.论集群品牌的建设与运作:以嵊州领带为例[J].特区经济,2007(1):268-269
    [90]马小森,韩福荣.品牌的生态位适宜度分析[J].世界标准化与质量管理,2006(12):23-25
    [91]牛永革,赵平.基于消费者视角的产业集群品牌效应研究[J].管理科学,2011,24(2):42-54
    [92]潘成云.品牌生命周期论[J].商业经济与管理,2000(9):19-21
    [93]彭赞,张锐.生命型品牌对环境的适应性反应研究[J].企业经济,2004(3):18-20
    [94]邱世明.复杂适应系统协同理论、方法与应用研究[D].博士学位论文,天津大学,2002
    [95]全林,杨辉.基于规模经济和范围经济的品牌协同效应研究理论与改革[J].2010(3):78-80
    [96]任宝,李鹏飞,王缉慈.产品品牌数量对产业集群影响的实证研究——以中国服装产业集群为例[J].地域研究与开,2007,26(6):6-11
    [97]任海英,孙明.生态工业园中企业间协同进化模型分析[J].统计与决策,2008,258(6):166-167
    [98]任强.企业品牌生态系统的生态因子构架探析[J].商业时代,2011(33):34-35
    [99]任晓峰,陈颖.区域品牌群落的影响因素分析——以江苏常州木业品牌为例[J].南京财经大学学报,2008,153(5):61-65
    [100]尚玉昌.普通生态学(第三版)[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010
    [101]孙成章.现代企业生态概论[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1996
    [102]孙俊华.基于品牌生态系统视角的强势品牌塑造研究[J].新疆农垦经济,2008(5):47-53
    [103]孙丽辉,毕楠,李阳.国外区域品牌化理论研究进展探析[J].外国经济与管理,2009,31(2):40-49
    [104]孙振钧,王冲.基础生态学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007
    [105]孙振钧,周东兴.生态学研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010
    [106]汤少梁.产业集群企业生态系统运行机制的研究[D].博士学位论文,南京航空航天大学,2010
    [107]唐兴莉,魏光兴.论品牌生态系统管理的三个层次[J].商业时代,2005(29):47-48
    [108]唐兴莉,魏光兴.企业生态管理的层次体系分析[J].商业研究,2006,339(7):73-75
    [109]陶玲,任珺.进化生态学的数量研究方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004
    [110]王崇云.进化生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008
    [111]王春红,韩福荣.品牌生态系统结构分析与实证[J].北京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2006,6(2):25-28
    [112]王东民.品牌生命的复杂性和复杂的品牌生理生态学[J].商业研究,2004(6):17-20
    [113]王东强,刘子洋,程序.品牌生态视角下的重庆会展品牌塑造研究[J].企业经济,2008,339(11):47-49
    [114]王红君,张锐,张燚.品牌生态领域高频作者与研究热点前沿的可视化分析[J].企业经济,2012,383(7):11-15
    [115]王缉慈.创新的空间——产业集群与区域发展[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001
    [116]王婧,陈鹏.供应链联盟协同进化的模式[J].物流技术,2010(10):104-107
    [117]王婧,陈鹏.供应链联盟协同进化的特性分析[J].物流技术,2010(9):88-90
    [118]王举颖.集群企业生态位态势互动与协同进化研究[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版)2010,12(4):57-60
    [119]王磊.高新技术企业雇主品牌竞争力影响机制及其协同进化研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010
    [120]王立志,韩福荣.企业间的协同进化分析[J].科技管理研究,2003,23(2):34-40
    [121]王念.中国轿车自主品牌生态系统研究[D].博士学位论文,武汉理工大学,2010
    [122]王其中.创建集群品牌:慈溪家电集群品牌突围的路径选择[J].商业经济,2009,336(10):61-63
    [123]王启万.品牌生态位理论评述与展望[J].技术经济与管理研究,2011(12):47-50
    [124]王仕卿,韩福荣.品牌生态位界定及其进化模式研究[J].科技进步与对策,2008,25(1):169-172
    [125]王兴元,杨旭.名牌生态系统中的信息流程网络优化管理[J].科技进步与对策,2004,21(4):116-118
    [126]王兴元,于伟,易金.品牌生态系统网络风险成因及应对策略[J].企业经济,2008,333(5):53-55
    [127]王兴元,于伟,张鹏.高科技品牌生态系统特征、成长机制及形成模式研究[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(1):87-90
    [128]王兴元.名牌产品生命周期理论及其相应策略[J].世界标准化与质量管理,1998(6):8-11
    [129]王兴元.名牌生态系统成员构成特点及其利益平衡[J].商业研究,2000(10):8-10
    [130]王兴元.名牌生态系统的竞争与合作研究[J].南开管理评论,2000(6):14-16
    [131]王兴元.名牌生态系统分析理论及管理策略研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2007
    [132]王兴元.名牌生态系统中的知识传播与分享研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2004(8):48-51
    [133]王兴元.品牌区域市场资源竞争及品牌分布规律[J].南开管理评论,2000,(1):16-19
    [134]王兴元.品牌生态:隐喻研究的方法、意义及动态[J].企业经济,2008(1):56-59
    [135]王兴元.品牌生态位测度及其评价方法研究[J].预测,2006,25(5):60-64
    [136]王兴元.品牌生态位原理及其对企业品牌战略的启示[J].企业经济,2008,31(3):40-42
    [137]王兴元.品牌生态系统初探[J],中外科技信息,2000(2):70-75
    [138]王兴元.品牌生态系统结构及其适应复杂性探讨[J].科技进步与对策.2006(2):85-88
    [139]王兴元.品牌生态学产生的背景与研究框架[J].科技进步与对策,2004(7):121-124
    [140]王兴元.商业生态系统理论及其研究意义[J].科技进步与对策,2005,22(2):175-177
    [141]王雪莲,汪波,刘兵.国内外品牌发展比较及我国品牌生态战略系统的构建[J].未来与发展,2006(6):21-24
    [142]王颖聪.品牌生态位优化模糊评价初探[J].企业经济,2009(3):52-54
    [143]王子龙,谭清美和许箫迪.集群企业生态位协同进化模型研究[J].工业技术经济.2005,24(9):51-55
    [144]王子龙等.基于生态位的集群企业协同进化模型研究[J].科学管理研究,2005(5):27-32
    [145]吴传清,从佳佳.区域产业集群品牌风险的成因及防范策略——基于文献述评与拓展研究的视角[J].学习与实践,2011(2):31-40
    [146]吴传清.区域产业集群品牌的术语、权属和商标保护模式分析[J].经济管理,2009(9):78-85
    [147]吴建材.商业生态系统本质和进化机制的研究[D].博士学位论文,西安电子科技大学,2004
    [148]夏曾玉,谢健.区域品牌建设探讨——温州案例研究[J].中国工业经济,2003(10):43-48
    [149]熊爱华,汪波.基于产业集群的区域品牌形成研究[J].山东大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2007(2):85-89
    [150]熊爱华.基于产业集群理论的区域品牌培植模式比较研究[D].博士学位论文,天津大学,2007
    [151]许芳,李建华.企业生态位原理及模型研究[J]中国软科学,2005(5)
    [152]杨保军.品牌生态系统结构分析及应用[J].重庆工商大学学报:社会科学版,2010,27(2):55-58
    [153]杨建梅,黄喜忠,张胜涛.产业集群的品牌结构及其对集群竞争力影响的探讨[J].科技管理研究,2006(11):56-60
    [154]杨建梅,黄喜忠,张胜涛.区域品牌的生成机理与路径研究[J].科技进步与对策,2005,22(12),22-24
    [155]姚慧丽,连春光.品牌定位的生态位视角分析与对策[J].苏州大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2009(3):47-50
    [156]姚伟坤,周梅华,张燚.产业集群环境下的企业品牌纵向合作关系研究[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(4):84-90
    [157]姚作为.产业集群与品牌聚合[J].生产力研究,2004(9):131-134
    [158]殷红春.品牌生态系统复杂适应性及协同进化研究[D].博士学位论文,天津大学,2005
    [159]余利红.中国服装业品牌生态管理战略初探[J].江苏纺织,2006(9):56-58
    [160]袁宇,吴传清.产业集群品牌“公地悲剧”风险成因和规避方略——以“金华火腿”为例[J].学习月刊,2009(22):15-16
    [161]詹姆斯·弗·穆尔.竞争的衰亡:商业生态系统时代的领导与战略[M].梁骏,译.北京:北京出版社,1999
    [162]张国亭.产业集群品牌风险与规避措施探析[J].山东大学学报,2007(5):63-69
    [163]张国亭.产业集群品牌内涵、类型与效应探讨[J].中国石油大学学报(社会科学版),2008(12):27-30
    [164]张锐,张燚.品牌生态系统化的结构分析[J].科技进步与对策,2006(10):92-94
    [165]张锐,张燚.品牌生态系统领导模式研究[J].商业研究,2003(12):104-107
    [166]张胜涛,杨建梅,邓恢华.集群与品牌整合策略的实证研究——狮岭皮具产业[J].南方经济,2005(7):54-56
    [167]张铁男,曾庆成.企业再造与协同进化[J].管理科学,2003,16(1):21-24
    [168]张伟民,张阳.竞合型城市品牌生态系统协同进化研究[J].商业时代,201135):32-33
    [169]张燚,张锐.论生态型品牌关系框架的建构[J].管理评论,2005,24(1):18-23
    [170]张燚,张锐.品牌生态管理:21世纪品牌管理的新趋势[J].财贸研究,2003(2):75-80
    [171]张燚,张锐.品牌生态学[M].北京:经济日报出版社,2004
    [172]张燚,张锐.品牌生态学——品牌理论进化的新趋势[J].外国经济与管理,2003(8):42-48
    [173]张志红,张伟民,赵佳娜.城市品牌生态系统特征与机制分析[J].商业时代,2011(2):23-24
    [174]赵广华,任登魁.产业集群品牌提升的机理与路径[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
    [175]赵进.产业集群生态系统的协同演化机理研究[D].博士学位论文,北京交通大学,2011
    [176]赵晶,高闯.集群生命周期与集群企业品牌演进机理分析[J].市场营销导刊,2006(1):34-35
    [177]赵平,陈荣,苏凇.我国产业集群品牌创建思考[J].市场营销导刊,2006(4):46-48
    [178]郑海涛,周海涛.走向高端:广东产业集群升级战略研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006
    [179]郑秀峰.企业种群生态系统研究[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2008
    [180]朱育锋.生态学视野下高校校园文化活动品牌管理研究[J].中国电力教育,2011(1):14-15
    [181]朱志由,曾路.产业集群品牌及其形成机理[J].襄樊职业技术学院学报,2010,(92):33-36

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700