木结构吊脚楼建筑群火灾蔓延特性研究
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摘要
木结构吊脚楼建筑群广泛分布在我国广西、湖南等地。木结构建筑火灾破坏巨大,严重威胁人们的生命和财产安全,是火灾研究领域的一个重要研究内容。本文通过调研构建了典型木结构吊脚楼建筑的结构模型,现场采集不同建筑年代木结构吊脚楼建筑材料,利用热重-差热分析仪研究其热解动力学行为,为木结构建筑火灾蔓延的计算机模拟提供必要参数。依据现场调研得到的木结构吊脚楼物理模型,对木结构吊脚楼建筑火灾动力学过程进行数值模拟,得到了火灾蔓延过程中建筑内部及建筑周围的温度与烟气分布。利用小尺寸的多火源自由燃烧实验对木结构建筑群火灾进行了实验模拟,研究了吊脚楼群所处坡度及防火间距对木结构建筑群火蔓延过程的影响,得到了火源燃尽时间及建筑周围的温度分布,为木结构吊脚楼建筑群火灾防治提供了必要的数据支撑。
The timber houses on stilts are widely distributed in Guangxi, Hunan and other areas in China. As an important facet in the field of fire study, the fire of the timber houses on stilts brings massive destruction and threatens the security of life and property. The physical model of typical single and group timber houses on stilts were established, and fir samples in different years were collected. The samples' pyrolysis kinetic behavior is analyzed with thermogravimetry-differential analyzer, which composed the necessary parameter for the computer simulation of timber houses on stilts fire. A numerical model is constructed on the base of the physical model simulation. The distributions of temperature and flue gas in and around the house are obtained by means of simulation of single and group timber houses on stilts fire. The small scale experimental simulation of multiple free fires is carried out to study how the slope and fireproof distance compact on the timber houses fire spreading. As results, the fire burnout time and temperature distribution were obtained, which provide necessary dates for fire proof of timber houses on stilts.
The timber houses on stilts are widely distributed in Guangxi, Hunan and other areas in China. As an important facet in the field of fire study, the fire of the timber houses on stilts brings massive destruction and threatens the security of life and property. The physical model of typical single and group timber houses on stilts were established, and fir samples in different years were collected. The samples' pyrolysis kinetic behavior is analyzed with thermogravimetry-differential analyzer, which composed the necessary parameter for the computer simulation of timber houses on stilts fire. A numerical model is constructed on the base of the physical model simulation. The distributions of temperature and flue gas in and around the house are obtained by means of simulation of single and group timber houses on stilts fire. The small scale experimental simulation of multiple free fires is carried out to study how the slope and fireproof distance compact on the timber houses fire spreading. As results, the fire burnout time and temperature distribution were obtained, which provide necessary dates for fire proof of timber houses on stilts.
引文
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