电化学电容器钒基化合物负极材料的研究
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摘要
根据电化学电容器缺少高比容量负极材料的现状,我们设计、制备了一系列VN负极材料,并系统研究了其电化学性能。首先,通过高温氨解还原法制备纳米VN,通过研究首次提出VN比容量由其比表面积决定,并据此分别采用模板法和喷雾干燥法制备了具有高比表面积、高比容量的介孔VN和球形多孔VN两种材料。采用炭包覆的方法制备了VN/C复合材料,VN的倍率性能和循环性能得到了进一步的改善。在实验数据的基础上,对VN材料的储能机制进行了系统研究,证明VN的比容量主要是由表面的氧化钒发生氧化还原反应产生的准电容提供。将VN材料用于电化学电容器负极,与商品球形NiOx正极材料组装VN/NiOx电化学混合电容器新体系,具有较高的能量密度和功率密度。
According to the fact that the electrochemical capacitors falling short of high capacity negative electrode materials, in this paper, a series of VN negative electrode materials have been designed and prepared. Their electrochemical performances have been studied systematically. First, we used high temperature ammonia reduction method to prepare VN nanoparticles, and proposed that the specific capacity of VN nanoparticle was decided by its specifio surface area for the first time. Following this, we used template and spray drying method to prepare mesoporous VN and spherical porous VN with high specific surface area and high specific capacity. Then we fabricated carbon coated VN/C composite material to improve its rate capability and cycle performance. On the basis of the experimental data, the energy storage mechanism of VN material was discussed and proved:the specific capacity of VN was mainly provided by capacitance produced in redox reaction of the surface vanadium oxide. VN materials were used as negative electrode for electrochemical capacitor. We assembled a VN/NiOx electrochemical hybrid capacitor with good energy density and powder density.
According to the fact that the electrochemical capacitors falling short of high capacity negative electrode materials, in this paper, a series of VN negative electrode materials have been designed and prepared. Their electrochemical performances have been studied systematically. First, we used high temperature ammonia reduction method to prepare VN nanoparticles, and proposed that the specific capacity of VN nanoparticle was decided by its specifio surface area for the first time. Following this, we used template and spray drying method to prepare mesoporous VN and spherical porous VN with high specific surface area and high specific capacity. Then we fabricated carbon coated VN/C composite material to improve its rate capability and cycle performance. On the basis of the experimental data, the energy storage mechanism of VN material was discussed and proved:the specific capacity of VN was mainly provided by capacitance produced in redox reaction of the surface vanadium oxide. VN materials were used as negative electrode for electrochemical capacitor. We assembled a VN/NiOx electrochemical hybrid capacitor with good energy density and powder density.
引文
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