海菜花氮耐受性及其净化洱海低污染水研究
|
摘要
洱海当前面临着低污染水污染与海菜花野外灭绝两大生态环境问题，论文依托“十二五”国家重大水专项，提出了在研究海菜花污染耐受性基础上，将其应用到低污染水治理中的思路。在现场调查基础上，确定了低污染水氮污染特征，据此设计了不同形态不同浓度氮胁迫实验，运用层次聚类法等统计方法定量研究了不同生长期海菜花生长、生化指标随氮浓度及胁迫时间的变化规律和净化低污染水的基础参数，结果如下：（1）获得了海菜花氮耐受阈值数据，澄清了学界对海菜花是否只能适应清水环境的混淆认识；（2）从适宜海菜花生长的角度，对洱海周边4种典型陆源基质进行了比选，为海菜花应用于低污染水处理优选了基质；（3）比较了海菜花对4种低污染水的适应性，为海菜花湿地的构建提供了进水水质、TN、TP和氨氮净化效率和水力停留时间参数。论文研究成果可以为解决洱海两大生态环境问题提供基础数据和科学依据。
Nowadays, ecological environment of Erhai is challenged by two serious problems, namely,pollution of low-polluted water and extinction in the wild of Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy.Relying on the National Erhai water special project of Chinese Twelfth Five Year Plan, afteranalyzing amounts of field survey date and hundreds of literatures, a series of simulatedexperimental were carried up. Then the change rules of indicators such as anti-oxidation enzymesystem and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in different experimental conditions were discussed,Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy’s adaptability and its purification rate of different kinds oflow-polluted water had also been studied. The hierarchical cluster analysis and the one wayANOVA analysis was used to determine the nitrogen tolerance on different substrates of Otteliaacuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy in its growth stages of seedling and adult. The results showed that:(1)the tolerance thresholds of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in water of Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy were determined successfully, and clarify the misunderstanding about whatOttelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy is the absolute clear water macrophytes;(2) from suitablegrowth substrate, the optimal terrigenous substrate for Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy wasfound out;(3) the low-polluted water purification efficiency of Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.)Dandy and its adaptability to4typical kinds of low-polluted water were discussed. Then the inletwater quality, purification rate of TN, TP and NH+4-N and hydraulic retention time parameters ofconstructed wetland which used for treat low-polluted water by using of Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy was measured. The dissertation’s achievements can provide basic data andscientific references for solving the above metioned two serious problems of Erhai Lake.
Nowadays, ecological environment of Erhai is challenged by two serious problems, namely,pollution of low-polluted water and extinction in the wild of Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy.Relying on the National Erhai water special project of Chinese Twelfth Five Year Plan, afteranalyzing amounts of field survey date and hundreds of literatures, a series of simulatedexperimental were carried up. Then the change rules of indicators such as anti-oxidation enzymesystem and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in different experimental conditions were discussed,Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy’s adaptability and its purification rate of different kinds oflow-polluted water had also been studied. The hierarchical cluster analysis and the one wayANOVA analysis was used to determine the nitrogen tolerance on different substrates of Otteliaacuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy in its growth stages of seedling and adult. The results showed that:(1)the tolerance thresholds of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in water of Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy were determined successfully, and clarify the misunderstanding about whatOttelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy is the absolute clear water macrophytes;(2) from suitablegrowth substrate, the optimal terrigenous substrate for Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy wasfound out;(3) the low-polluted water purification efficiency of Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.)Dandy and its adaptability to4typical kinds of low-polluted water were discussed. Then the inletwater quality, purification rate of TN, TP and NH+4-N and hydraulic retention time parameters ofconstructed wetland which used for treat low-polluted water by using of Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy was measured. The dissertation’s achievements can provide basic data andscientific references for solving the above metioned two serious problems of Erhai Lake.
引文
[1]杜宝汉.洱海生态环境恶化及综合治理对策研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1994,25(3):312-317.
[2] Nixon S W. Coastal marine eutrophication: A definition, social causes, and futureconcerns[J].Ophelia,1995,41:199-219.
[3]潘红玺,王云飞,董云生.洱海富营养化影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,1999,11(2):184-188.
[4]黄慧君,王永,李庆红.洱海流域近50年气候变化特征及其对洱海水资源的影响[J].气象,2013,39(4):436-442.
[5]李萍.大理市洱海特征水位调整分析[J].人民珠江,2008,(2):46-49.
[6] Smith V H. Eutrophication of freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems: a globalproblem[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2003.10(2):126-139.
[7]吴功果，倪乐意，曹特，等.洱海水生植物与浮游植物的历史变化及影响因素，水生生物学报，2013，37（5）：912-917.
[8] Sand Jensen K., Pedersen N L., Thorsgaard I, et al.100years of vegetation decline andrecovery in Lake Fure. Denmark[J]. Journal of Ecology,2008.96(2):260-271.
[9] Moss B., Kosten S., Meerhoof M., et al. Allied attack: climate change and eutrophication[J].Inland Waters,2011,1(2):101-105.
[10] Kosten S., Jeppesen E., Huszar V., et al. Ambiguous climate impacts on competitionbetween submersed macrohpytes and Phytoplankton in shallow lakes[J]. FreshwaterBiology,2011,56(8):1540-1553.
[11] Loverde Olivera S. M., Huszar V. L. M., Mazzeo N., et al. Hydrology-driven regime shiftsin a shallow trophical lake[J].Ecosystems,2009,12(5):807-819.
[12]李恒.云南洱海科学论文集[A].洱海水生植被的回顾[C].昆明:云南民族出版社,1989:31-44．
[13]胡小贞,金相灿,杜宝汉,等.洱海沉水植被现状及其动态变化[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(1):1-5．
[14]林德辉,李存信,张禾,等.洗衣粉水溶液对水生植物生长和叶绿素含量的影响[J].环境工程,1982,(2):63-65.
[15]曲仲湘，李恒.滇池污染和水生生物[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,1983,7-15.
[16]尹延震.洱海湖滨带环境特征与海菜花恢复研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2011:53-55.
[17]金相灿,胡小贞.湖泊流域清水产流机制及其修复策略[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(3):374-379.
[18]蒋柱檀,李恒,刀志灵,等.云南传统食用植物海菜花(Ottelia acuminata)的民族植物学研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学汉文版),2010,39(2):163-168.
[19]符辉,袁桂香,曹特,等.洱海近50a来沉水植被演替及其主要驱动要素[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(6):854-861.
[20]冯倩.高原水上花——海菜花[J].百科知识.2008,(4):33-34.
[21]王凯军.低浓度污水厌氧-水解处理工艺[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991:1-23.
[22]张瑞斌,钱新,郑斯瑞,等.垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较[J].环境化学,2012,31(11):1705-1710.
[23]操家顺,单淇.光照强度对光能自养生物膜去除低污染水体中硝态氮的影响研究[J].环境污染与防治,2013,35(3):15-19.
[24] Ni L. Effects of water column nutrient enrichment on the growth of Potamogetonmaackianus A. Been [J].Journal of Aquatic Plant Management,2001,(39):83-87.
[25]曹特,倪乐意.金鱼藻抗氧化酶对水体无机氮升高的响应[J].水生生物学报,2004,28(3):299-303.
[26]刘汉湖.间歇运行的潜流式人工湿地污水处理技术及设计方法研究[D].2009,中国矿业大学:徐州.
[27] John W., Barko,R. Miehael Smart. Sediment-Related Mechanisms of Growth Limitation inSubmesred Macorphytes[J].Ecology,1986,67(5):1328-1340.
[28]李恒.海菜花属的分类、地理分布和系统发育[J].植物分类学报,1981,19(1):29-42.
[29]何景彪,孙祥钟.中国海菜花属植物三种同工酶的酶谱式样及其系统学含义[J]，武汉植物学研究,1992,10(1):35-42.
[30]李恒.云南高原湖泊水生植被的研究[J].云南植物研究，1980，2（2）：113-141.
[31]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会编.中国植物志（第8卷）[M]，科学出版社，1992，1-218.
[32] Cook C D K. Pollination mechanisms in the Hydrocharitaceae[C], in “Studies o n Aquaticvaseu1ar plants”(symoens et al. eds.), Royal Botanieal Society of Belgium[A],Brussels,1982:1-15.
[33]何景彪.中国海菜花属的系统植物学与物种生物学研究[M].武汉大学出版社,1991:1-130.
[34]李恒.滇池海菜花的盛衰[J].云南大学学报,1985,7（S）:139-141.
[35]中国科学院昆明植物研究所.云南植物志.第四卷,第一版.北京:科学出版社,1986:757-761.
[36] Long C. L., Jiang Z. T., Dao Z. L. Genetic diversity of Ottelia acuminata(Hydrocharitaceae) from the Eastern Himalayas, revealed by ISSR markers.[J] BotanicaOrientalis: Journal of Plant Sciences7:56-63.
[37]何景彪,孙祥钟,钟扬,等.海菜花的种下分类研究[J].武汉大学学报(自然科学版):1991,(3):114-120.
[38]吴其濬.植物名实图考[M].1848年.
[39] Dewanji A, Chanda S, Si L. et al. Extractability and nutritional value of leaf protein fromtropical aquatic plants[J]. Plant Foods Hum Nutr,1997,50:349-357.
[40]赵慧.发展海菜花保护拉市海候鸟[J].生态经济,2001(12):141-142.
[41]李原,杨君兴,崔桂华,等.海菜花营养成分初步分析[J].营养学报,2009,31(1):96-97.
[42] Leboul J., Prevost J.. French Patent WO96/00205[P]. Chemistry Abstract,1996,(124):242-296.
[43] Combeau C., Provost J.，Lancelin F.，et al..RPR112378and RPR115781:Tworepresentatives of a new family of microtubule assembly inhibitors[J].Mol Pharmacol,2000,57(3):553-563.
[44][68] Ruichang Quan, Xianji Wen, Xiaojun Yang. Effects of human activities on migratorywaterbirds at Lashihai Lake, China[J].Biological Conservation108(2002):273-279.
[45]舒树森,杨君兴,崔桂华,等.滇池东岸湿地回植海菜花技术初探[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(29):9240-9241.
[46] Xu Chao, Zhiyuan Du, Chen Jinmin, et al. Microsatellite Primers for the Endangered aquaticherb, Ottelia acuminate (Hydrocharitacege)[J]. American Journal of Botany,2012:262-264.
[47]白建坤.大理洱海科学研究[M].北京:民族出版社,2003.
[48]李恒,尚榆民.云南洱海水生植被[J],山地研究,1989,7(3):166-173.
[49]厉恩华,王学雷,蔡晓斌,等.洱海湖滨带植被特征及其影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(5):738-746.
[50]储昭升,叶碧碧,田桂平,等.洱海沉水植物空间分布及生物量估算[J].环境科学研究，2014,27(1):1-5．
[51]吴功果,倪乐意,曹特,等.洱海水生植物与浮游植物的历史变化及影响因素[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(5):912-917.
[52]谢杰,吴德意,陈雪初,等.滇池和洱海湖滨带水生植被状况与水质的关系研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(2):55-59.
[53]杨君兴,舒树森,陈小勇.草鱼引入对滇池湖体海菜花消亡的影响[J].动物学研究,2013,34(6):631635.
[54]李杰,王洋,刘红敏,等.海菜花(Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy)种植水对藻类生长的影响[J].贵州科学,2007,25(4):77-79.
[55] Lulu Zhang, Jingling Liu, Yi Li, et al. Applying AQUATOX in determining the ecologicalrisk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination in Baiyangdian Lake, NorthChina[J].Ecological Modelling,2013(265):239–249.
[56]万国江,徐义芳,李荪蓉,等.云贵高原若干湖泊水库水化学组分研究[J].环境科学丛刊,1988,9(3):37-51.
[57]尹延震,储昭升,赵明,等.洱海湖滨带水质的时空变化规律[J].中国环境科学2011,31(7)：1192-1196.
[58]张仕军,齐庆杰,王圣瑞,等.洱海沉积物有机质、铁、锰对磷的赋存特征和释放影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(4):371-377.
[59] Xiao Xiayun, Simon G. Haberle, Shen Ji, et al. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene vegetationand climate history inferred from an alpine lacustrine record, northwestern YunnanProvince, southwestern China[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2004,(86):35-48.
[60]金相灿,胡小贞,储昭升,等.“绿色流域建设”的湖泊富营养化防治思路及其在洱海的应用[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(11):1203-1209.
[61]韩涛,彭文启,李怀恩,等.洱海水体富营养化的演变及其研究进展[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报.2005,3(1):71-73.
[62]杜宝汉.洱海科研的回顾与前瞻[J].大理科技,1999,(2):48-50.
[63]王哲,谢杰,方达,等.洱海北部2种典型种植制度下农田氮污染负荷研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(5):625-629.
[64]杨苏树,倪喜云.大理州洱海流域农业非点源污染现状[J].农业环境与发展,1999,(2):43-44.
[65]尚榆民,刘滨,早合兴.大理洱海污染底泥疏浚及处理[A].大理洱海科学研究[C].北京:民族出版社,2003.351-358.
[66]戴自福.洱海湖内污染源调查分析[A].大理洱海科学研究[C].北京:民族出版社,2003.402-406.
[67]颜昌宙,叶春,刘文祥.云南洱海湖滨带生态重建方案研究[J].上海环境科学,2003,22(7):459-464.
[68]项继权.湖泊治理:从“工程治污”到“综合治理”——云南洱海水污染治理的经验与思考[J].中国软科学,2013(2):81-89.
[69]胡锦涛.在安徽视察工作时的讲话[M].2008.1.
[70]张瑞斌,钱新,郑斯瑞,等.垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较[J].环境化学,2012,31(11):1705-1710.
[71]司马卫平,何强,夏安林,等.人工湿地处理城市污水效能的影响因素分析.环境工程学报,2008,2(3):319-323.
[72]于少鹏,王海霞,万忠娟,等.人工湿地污水处理技术及其在我国发展的现状与前景[J].地理科学进展,2004,23(1):22-29.
[73] Akratos C S, Tsihrintzis V A. Effect of temperature, HRT, vegetation and porous media onremoval efficiency of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Ecological Engineering,2007,29:173-191.
[74] Tilley D R，Brown M T. Wetland networks for storm water management in subtropicalurban watersheds [J]. Ecological Engineering,1998,10(2):131-158．
[75] Vymazal J． The use constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow for various typesof wastewater [J]． Ecological Engineering，2009,35(1):1-17．
[76] Poach M E, Hunt M B, Van Ottikc, et al. Improved nitrogen treatment by constructedwetlands receiving partially nitrified liquid swine manure[J]. EcologicalEngineering,2003,20:183-197.
[77] Woodward R T, Wui Y. The economic value of wetland services：A meta analysis[J].Ecological Economics,2001,37(2)：257-270.
[78] Zdraga. The effect of environmental conditions on the ability of a constructed wetland todisinfect municipal wastewaters [J]. Environmental Management,2002,29(4)：510-515.
[79]叶春.洱海湖滨带生态恢复工程模式研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,1999.
[80]汤秋香,任天志,雷宝坤,等.洱海北部地区不同轮作农田氮、磷流失特性研究.植物营养与肥料学报2011,17(3):608-615.
[81]周惠琼.2014年大理将采取十大措施保护洱海[N].2014.2.14. http://www.ynfzb.cn/Info.aspx?ModelId=1&Id=193717
[82]凌子微,仝欣楠,李亚红,等.处理低污染水的复合人工湿地脱氮过程[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):320-325.
[83]沈万斌,赵涛,刘鹏,等.人工湿地环境经济价值评价及实例研究[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(2)：70-74.
[84]黄锦楼,陈琴,许连煌.人工湿地在应用中存在的问题及解决措施[J].环境科学,2013,34(1):401-408.
[85]金丹越,卢少勇,金相灿,等.洱海流域村落污水塘-人工湿地-草滤带复合工艺设计[J].给水排水,2008,34(S1):35-38.
[86] Haberl R., Perfler R., Mayer H.,1995. Constructed wetland in Europe[J]. Water ScienceTechnology.32(3),305-315.
[87] Seidel, K. Abbau von bacterium coli durch hohere wasser pflanzen[J]. Naturwiss,1964,(51):395.
[88] Kickuth R. Degradation and incorporation of nutrients from rural waste waters by plantrhizosphere under limnic conditions[C]. In Utilization of Manure by Land. Spreading, UER,Commission of the European Communities, London..1977:335-343.
[89] Hammer D A. Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment[M]. Michigan: LewisPublishers Inc,1989:5-20.
[90] Brix H. Do macrophytes play a role in constructed treatment wetlands[J].Water Science andTechnology,1997,35(5):11-17.
[91]吴建强,阮晓红,王雪.人工湿地中水生植物的作用和选择[J].水资源保护,2005,21(1):1-6.
[92] Beven K, Germann P. Macropores and water flow in soils[J]. Water Resource Research,1982,18:1311
[93]成水平,吴振斌,况琪军.人工湿地植物研究[J].湖泊科学,2002,14(2):179-184.
[94]李旭东,周琪,张荣社,等.三种人工湿地脱氮除磷效果比较研究[J].地学前缘,2005,12(s):73-76.
[95]许航,陈焕壮,熊启权,等.水生植物塘脱氮除磷的效能及机理研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1999,32(4):69-73.
[96]张荣社,周琪,张建,等.潜流构造湿地去除农田排水中氮的研究[J].环境科学,2003,24(1):113-116.
[97]靖元孝,杨丹菁,陈章和,等.两栖榕在人工湿地的生长特性及其对污水的净化效果[J].生态学报,2003,23(3):614-619.
[98]段昌群.植物对环境污染的适应与植物的微进化[J].生态学杂志,1995,14(5):43-50.
[99] Reddy K R, Angelo E M, Debusk T A. Oxygen transport through aquatic macrophytes: therole in wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1989,(19):261-270.
[100] Richard Stone From Remarkable Rescue To Restoration of Lost Habitat [N]. Science,322(2008).
[101] Jing Lu, Haibin Wang, Min Pan, et al. Using sediment seed banks and historical vegetationchange data to develop restoration criteria for a eutrophic lake in China[J]. EcologicalEngineering,2012(39)95-103.
[102]王圣瑞,年跃刚,侯文华,等.人工湿地植物的选择[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):91-96.
[103]刘红,刘学燕,欧阳威,等.人工湿地植物系统优化管理研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5):1003-1008.
[104]李林锋,年跃刚,蒋高明.人工湿地植物研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2006,28(8):616-610.
[105]由文辉,刘淑媛,钱晓燕.水生经济植物净化受污染水体研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000(1):99-102.
[106]崔保山,刘兴土.湿地生态系统设计的一些基本问题探讨[J],应用生态学报,2001,12(1):145-150.
[107]陈飞星,朱斌.利用水生植物改善北京动物园水环境的研究初探[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(8):469-472
[108]岳春雷,王华胜,高瞻,等.人工湿地循环净化杭州植物园玉泉观鱼池水效果分析[J],浙江林业科技,2002,22(4):1-4.
[109]胡焕斌,人工湿地处理矿山炸药废水[J].环境科学与技术,1997,(3):17-26.
[110]黄时达,杨有仪,冷冰,等.人工湿地植物处理污水的实验研究[J].四川环境.1995,14(3):5-7.
[111] Jampeetong A, Brix H, Kantawanichkul S. Effects of inorganic nitrogen forms on growth,morphology, nitrogen uptake capacity and nutrient allocation of four tropical aquaticmacrophytes (Salviniacucullata, Ipomoea aquatica, Cyperus involucratus and Vetiveriazizanioides)[J]. Aquatic Botany,2012(97):10-16.
[112] L.M. Cowardine, V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. La Roe (Eds.), Classification of Wetlandand Deepwater Habitats of the United States[S], US Fish and Wildlife Service manualFWS/OBS79/31,103,1979.
[113] Antonio C. Barberaa, Giuseppe L. Cirelli, Valeria Cavallaro, et al. Growth and biomassproduction of different plant species in two different constructed wetland systems inSicily[J],Desalination246(2009)129-136.
[114]蒋岚岚,刘晋,吴伟,等.城北污水处理厂尾水人工湿地处理示范工程设计[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(10):26-29.
[115]袁东海,任全进,高士祥,等.几种湿地植物净化生活污水COD、总氮效果比较[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(12):2337-2341.
[116] Blokhina O, Virolainen E, Fagerstedt KV. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygendeprivation stress：A review[J]. Annals of Botany,2003,(91):179-194．
[117] Livingstone D R, Archibald S, Chipman K L, et al. Antioxidant enzymes in liver of dabLimanda from the North Sea [J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,1992,(91):97-104.
[118] Jovanovic ZS, Milosevic JD, Radovic SR. Antioxidative enzymes in the response of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) to ultraviolet Bradiation[J]. Journal of Agriculturaland Food Chemistry,2006(54):9472-9478.
[119][116]Tang C F, Liu Y G, Zeng G M, et al. Effects of exogenous spermidine on antioxidantsystem responses of Typha latifolia L. under Cd2+stress[J]. Journal of Integrative PlantBiology,2005(47):428-434.
[120]马旭俊,朱大海.植物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的研究进展[J].遗传,2003,25(2):225-231.
[121]覃鹏,刘飞虎,梁雪妮.超氧化物歧化酶与植物抗逆性[J].黑龙江农业科学,2002,(1):31-34.
[122] Ullman CR. Antioxidant enzyme response to hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in the estuarine fish Leiostom us x anthurus[D]. Dissertation Abstracts International,2005,66-2(B):671.
[123] Asada K, Kiso, Yoshikawa K. Univalent reduction of molecular oxygen by spinachcholorop lasts on illumination[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,1974,249:2175-2184.
[124]刘艳,王有年,王雪丽.水分胁迫下苹果幼苗叶绿体活性氧代谢对光合作用的影响[J].北京农学院学报,2004,19(1):19-22.
[125] Crawford L A, Bown A W, Breitkreuz K E, et a1. The synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid inresponse to treatments reducing cytosolic pH[J]. Plant Physiol,1994,(104):865-871.
[126] Gamble P E, Burke J J. Effect of water stress on the chlorop last antioxidant system I.Alteration in glutathione reductase activity[J]. Plant Physiology,1984,(76):615-621.
[127] Stobrawa K, Lorenc Pluciska G. Changes in antioxidant enzyme activity in the fine roots ofblack poplar (Populus nigra L.) and cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartrex Marsch) in aheavy-metal-polluted environment[J]. Plant and Soil,2007,(298):57-68.
[128] Scandalios J G. Oxidative stress: molecular perception and transduction of signal striggeringantioxidant genedefenses[J]. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research,2005,38(7):995-1014.
[129]慈敦伟,姜东,戴延波,等.镉胁迫对小麦幼苗膜脂过氧化作用及镉吸收转运的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(3):508-513.
[130] Marques D, Esteves AI, Almeida M, et al. Superoxide dismutase in the marine spongeCliona celata[J]. Marine Biology,2008,(153):807-813.
[131] Nimptsch J, Pflugmacher S. Ammonia triggers the promotion of oxidative stress in theaquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum mattogrossense[J].Chemosphere,2007,(66):708-714.
[132] Brant W. Touchette, Jo Ann M. Burkholder. Carbon and nitrogen metabolism in theseagrass, Zostera marina L.: Environmental control of enzymes invovled in carbon alloationand nitrogen assimilation[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2007,(350):216-233.
[133]肖德林,邓仕槐,李宏娟,等.畜禽废水胁迫对芦苇叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2021-2026.
[134] Banerjee B D, Seth V, Bhattacharya A. Biochemical effects of some pesticides on lipidperoxidation and free-radical scavengers[J]. Toxicolog Letters.1999,107:33-47.
[135] Guan B, Yu J B, Wang X H, et a1. Physiological responses of halophyte suaeda salsa towater table and salt stresses in coastal wetland of yellow river delta[J]. Clean-Soil AirWater,2011,39(12):1029-1035.
[136] Mishra S, Srivastava S, Tripathi RD, et al. Lead detoxification by coontail (Ceratophyllumdemersum L.) involves induction of phytochelatins and antioxidant system in response to itsaccumulation[J]. Chemosphere,2006,65:1027-1039
[137]贾秀英,董爱华,马小梅.铅胁迫对蟾蜍抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].中国环境科学2004,24(2):155-158.
[138]金相灿,郭俊秀,许秋瑾,等.不同质量浓度氨氮对轮叶黑藻和穗花狐尾藻抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].生态环境2008,17(1):1-5.
[139]颜昌宙,曾阿妍,金相灿,等.不同浓度氨氮对轮叶黑藻的生理影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):1050-1055.
[140] Katwijk, M. M. van, Vergeer, L.H.T. Schmitz, G. H. W. Roelofs J. G. M. Ammoniumtoxicity in eelgrass Zostera marina[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,1997,(157):159–173.
[141] Serna M D, Legaz B F, Primomillo E. The influence of nitrogen concentration andammonium/nitrate ratio on N-uptake, mineral composition and yield of citrus[J]. Plant andSoil,1992,147:13-23.
[142] Peuke D A; Tischner R. Nitrate uptake and reduction of aseptically cultivated spruceseedlings[J], Journal of Experimental Botany,1991,239:723-728.
[143] Cao T, Ni L Y, Xie P. Acute biochemical responses of a submersed macrophytePotamogeton crispus L. to high ammonium in an aquarium experiment[J]. FreshwaterEcology，2004,19(2):279-284.
[144]杨瑾,王铭,李涛,等.氮胁迫对雨生红球藻色素积累与抗氧化系统的影响[J].植物生理学报,2011,47(2):147-152.
[145] Yu H C,Ye C,Song X F, et a1. Comparative analysis of growth and physio-biochemicalresponses of Hydrilla verticillata to different sediments in freshwater microcosms[J].Ecological Engineering,2010,36(10):1285-1289.
[146] Wang C, Zhang S H, Wang P F, et a1. Metabolic adaptations to ammonia induced oxidativestress in leaves of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans (Lour) Hara[J]. AquaticToxicology,2008,87(2):88-98.
[147][144]高镜清,黄五星,黄宇,等.铵态氮胁迫下金鱼藻的过氧化损伤和抗氧化能力[J]．武汉大学学报，2010，56(5)：590-596.
[148]赵成胜,黄贤金,钟太洋.基于层次聚类方法的区域土地用途分区研究——以安徽天长市为例[J].国土资源科技管理,2009,26(5):82-86.
[149]廖海燕.系统聚类法在葡萄酒分类中的应用[J].韶关学院学报(自然科学),2012,33(8):14-16.
[150]苏新红.聚类分析在石首鱼类分类中的应用[J].生物数学学报,2009,24(4):733-740.
[151]王显金,阳军.聚类分析方法在DNA序列分类中的应用[J].宁波工程学院学报,2011,23(3):52-56.
[152]王改利,刘黎平.暴雨云团的多尺度识别方法及其在临近预报中的应用[J].大气科学,2007,31(3):400-409.
[153]潘琦,宋祥甫,邹国燕,等.不同温度对沉水植物保护酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(5):1881-1886.
[154]叶勇,卢昌义,胡宏友,等.三种泌盐红树植物对盐胁迫的耐受性比较[J].生态学报,2004,24(11):2444-2450.
[155]赵菊芳.洱源投资300多万元建成邓北桥湿地[N].大理日报,2010,12.16,A3.
[156]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导（第三版）[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[157]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:72-79.
[158] Chen J X, Wang X F. Experimental guidance of plant physiology. Guangzhou: South ChinaUniversity of Technology Press,2002.120-121.
[159] Chance B, Maehly A. Assay of catalase and peroxidase, in: S. P. Colowick, N.O. Kaplan(Eds.), Methods in Enzymology[M], New York, Academic Press.1995,764-775.
[160] Heath R L, Packer L. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts é. Kinetics andstoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation[J]. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.,1968,125:189-198.
[161]彭运生,刘恩.关于提取叶绿素方法的比较研究[J].北京农业大学学报,1992,18(3):247-250.
[162]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量的测定-丙酮乙醇混合法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986,(3)：26-28.
[163]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测方法[M].中国环境科学出版社,北京:2002.
[164] Van AFV, Clij Sters H. Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants[J]. Plant Cell andEnvironment,1990,13:195-206.
[165] Li X G, Meng Q W, Jiang G Q, Zou Q. The susceptibility of cucumber and sweet pepper tochilling under low irradiance is related to energy dissipation and water-water cycle[J].Photosynthetica,2003,41(2):259-265.
[166]许楠,孙广玉.低温锻炼后桑树幼苗光合作用和抗氧化酶对冷胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(4):761-766.
[167] Zhang Xiaoai, Wang Zhihui, Zhang Xinquan, et al. Effects of heavy metals and saline-alkalion growth, physiology and biochemistry of Orychophragmus violaceus[J]. AgriculturalScience&Technology,2012,13(7)：1478-1483.
[168]冯世静,杨途熙,张艳军,等.镉胁迫对杨树光合特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):539-547.
[169]王珺,顾宇飞,纪东成,等.富营养条件下不同形态氮对轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)的生理影响[J].环境科学研究,2006,19(1):71-74.
[170]刘燕，王圣瑞，金相灿,等.水体营养水平对3种沉水植物生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(1):57-63.
[171]马剑敏,靳同霞,靳萍,等.伊乐藻和苦草对硝氮胁迫的响应[J].河南师范大学学报,2007,35(3):115-118.
[172]许秋瑾,金相灿,王兴民,等.不同浓度铵态氮对镉胁迫轮叶黑藻生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(2):420-424.
[173]周希琴,莫灿冲.植物重金属胁迫及其抗氧化系统[J].新疆教育学院学报,2003,19(2):103-1008.
[174]王斌,李伟.不同N、P浓度条件下竹叶眼子菜的生理反应[J].生态学报,2002,22(10):1616-1621.
[175] Thai K V, Greg S W, Ted D C. Competition between Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneriaamericana as in fluenced by soil fertility[J]. Aquatic Botany,1999,62:225-233.
[176]朱伟,张俊,赵联芳.底质中氨氮对沉水植物生长的影响[J].生态环境2006,15(5):914-920.
[177] I. Cakmak, H. Marschner. Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activitiesof superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves[J].Plant physiology,1992,(98):1222-1227.
[178] Apel K, Hirt H. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signaltransduction[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2004,55(1):373-399．
[179]陈金峰,王宫南,程素满.过氧化氢酶在植物胁迫响应中的功能研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):188-193.
[180] Fan Yuanyuan, Yuan Miaomiao, Deng Meifeng, et al. Effects of High N、P Water onActivities of SOD, POD and CAT of Elodeanuttallii[J].Amino Acids&BioticResources,2007,29(3):38-41.
[181]陈少裕.膜脂过氧化与植物逆境胁迫[J].植物学通报,1989,6(4):211-217.
[182]薛继澄,毕德义,李家金,等.保护地栽培蔬菜生理障碍的土壤因子与对策[J].土壤肥料,1994(1):4-9.
[183] Bansyat P, Teeter L D, Flynn KM, et al. Relationships between landscape characteristicsand non-point source pollution inputs to coastal estuaries [J]. Environmental Management,1999,23(4):539-549.
[184]杨凤娟. NO-3胁迫导致黄瓜生育障害机理的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2006.
[185]苏秀荣,王秀峰,杨凤娟.不同浓度的NO-3对黄瓜幼苗光合特性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1110-1117.
[186] Wincor I. New molecular approaches to improving salt tolerance in crop plants[J]. Annals ofBotany,1998,82:703-710.
[187] Horneck D A, Miller R O. Determination of total nitrogen in plant tissue. In:Kalra YP, ed.Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis[M].New York: CRC Press.1998:75-83.
[188] Motomizu S, Wakimoto T, Toei K. Spectra photometric determination of phosphate in riverwaters with molybdate blue and malachite green[J]. Analyse:1983(108):361-367.
[2] Nixon S W. Coastal marine eutrophication: A definition, social causes, and futureconcerns[J].Ophelia,1995,41:199-219.
[3]潘红玺,王云飞,董云生.洱海富营养化影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,1999,11(2):184-188.
[4]黄慧君,王永,李庆红.洱海流域近50年气候变化特征及其对洱海水资源的影响[J].气象,2013,39(4):436-442.
[5]李萍.大理市洱海特征水位调整分析[J].人民珠江,2008,(2):46-49.
[6] Smith V H. Eutrophication of freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems: a globalproblem[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2003.10(2):126-139.
[7]吴功果，倪乐意，曹特，等.洱海水生植物与浮游植物的历史变化及影响因素，水生生物学报，2013，37（5）：912-917.
[8] Sand Jensen K., Pedersen N L., Thorsgaard I, et al.100years of vegetation decline andrecovery in Lake Fure. Denmark[J]. Journal of Ecology,2008.96(2):260-271.
[9] Moss B., Kosten S., Meerhoof M., et al. Allied attack: climate change and eutrophication[J].Inland Waters,2011,1(2):101-105.
[10] Kosten S., Jeppesen E., Huszar V., et al. Ambiguous climate impacts on competitionbetween submersed macrohpytes and Phytoplankton in shallow lakes[J]. FreshwaterBiology,2011,56(8):1540-1553.
[11] Loverde Olivera S. M., Huszar V. L. M., Mazzeo N., et al. Hydrology-driven regime shiftsin a shallow trophical lake[J].Ecosystems,2009,12(5):807-819.
[12]李恒.云南洱海科学论文集[A].洱海水生植被的回顾[C].昆明:云南民族出版社,1989:31-44．
[13]胡小贞,金相灿,杜宝汉,等.洱海沉水植被现状及其动态变化[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(1):1-5．
[14]林德辉,李存信,张禾,等.洗衣粉水溶液对水生植物生长和叶绿素含量的影响[J].环境工程,1982,(2):63-65.
[15]曲仲湘，李恒.滇池污染和水生生物[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,1983,7-15.
[16]尹延震.洱海湖滨带环境特征与海菜花恢复研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2011:53-55.
[17]金相灿,胡小贞.湖泊流域清水产流机制及其修复策略[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(3):374-379.
[18]蒋柱檀,李恒,刀志灵,等.云南传统食用植物海菜花(Ottelia acuminata)的民族植物学研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学汉文版),2010,39(2):163-168.
[19]符辉,袁桂香,曹特,等.洱海近50a来沉水植被演替及其主要驱动要素[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(6):854-861.
[20]冯倩.高原水上花——海菜花[J].百科知识.2008,(4):33-34.
[21]王凯军.低浓度污水厌氧-水解处理工艺[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991:1-23.
[22]张瑞斌,钱新,郑斯瑞,等.垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较[J].环境化学,2012,31(11):1705-1710.
[23]操家顺,单淇.光照强度对光能自养生物膜去除低污染水体中硝态氮的影响研究[J].环境污染与防治,2013,35(3):15-19.
[24] Ni L. Effects of water column nutrient enrichment on the growth of Potamogetonmaackianus A. Been [J].Journal of Aquatic Plant Management,2001,(39):83-87.
[25]曹特,倪乐意.金鱼藻抗氧化酶对水体无机氮升高的响应[J].水生生物学报,2004,28(3):299-303.
[26]刘汉湖.间歇运行的潜流式人工湿地污水处理技术及设计方法研究[D].2009,中国矿业大学:徐州.
[27] John W., Barko,R. Miehael Smart. Sediment-Related Mechanisms of Growth Limitation inSubmesred Macorphytes[J].Ecology,1986,67(5):1328-1340.
[28]李恒.海菜花属的分类、地理分布和系统发育[J].植物分类学报,1981,19(1):29-42.
[29]何景彪,孙祥钟.中国海菜花属植物三种同工酶的酶谱式样及其系统学含义[J]，武汉植物学研究,1992,10(1):35-42.
[30]李恒.云南高原湖泊水生植被的研究[J].云南植物研究，1980，2（2）：113-141.
[31]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会编.中国植物志（第8卷）[M]，科学出版社，1992，1-218.
[32] Cook C D K. Pollination mechanisms in the Hydrocharitaceae[C], in “Studies o n Aquaticvaseu1ar plants”(symoens et al. eds.), Royal Botanieal Society of Belgium[A],Brussels,1982:1-15.
[33]何景彪.中国海菜花属的系统植物学与物种生物学研究[M].武汉大学出版社,1991:1-130.
[34]李恒.滇池海菜花的盛衰[J].云南大学学报,1985,7（S）:139-141.
[35]中国科学院昆明植物研究所.云南植物志.第四卷,第一版.北京:科学出版社,1986:757-761.
[36] Long C. L., Jiang Z. T., Dao Z. L. Genetic diversity of Ottelia acuminata(Hydrocharitaceae) from the Eastern Himalayas, revealed by ISSR markers.[J] BotanicaOrientalis: Journal of Plant Sciences7:56-63.
[37]何景彪,孙祥钟,钟扬,等.海菜花的种下分类研究[J].武汉大学学报(自然科学版):1991,(3):114-120.
[38]吴其濬.植物名实图考[M].1848年.
[39] Dewanji A, Chanda S, Si L. et al. Extractability and nutritional value of leaf protein fromtropical aquatic plants[J]. Plant Foods Hum Nutr,1997,50:349-357.
[40]赵慧.发展海菜花保护拉市海候鸟[J].生态经济,2001(12):141-142.
[41]李原,杨君兴,崔桂华,等.海菜花营养成分初步分析[J].营养学报,2009,31(1):96-97.
[42] Leboul J., Prevost J.. French Patent WO96/00205[P]. Chemistry Abstract,1996,(124):242-296.
[43] Combeau C., Provost J.，Lancelin F.，et al..RPR112378and RPR115781:Tworepresentatives of a new family of microtubule assembly inhibitors[J].Mol Pharmacol,2000,57(3):553-563.
[44][68] Ruichang Quan, Xianji Wen, Xiaojun Yang. Effects of human activities on migratorywaterbirds at Lashihai Lake, China[J].Biological Conservation108(2002):273-279.
[45]舒树森,杨君兴,崔桂华,等.滇池东岸湿地回植海菜花技术初探[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(29):9240-9241.
[46] Xu Chao, Zhiyuan Du, Chen Jinmin, et al. Microsatellite Primers for the Endangered aquaticherb, Ottelia acuminate (Hydrocharitacege)[J]. American Journal of Botany,2012:262-264.
[47]白建坤.大理洱海科学研究[M].北京:民族出版社,2003.
[48]李恒,尚榆民.云南洱海水生植被[J],山地研究,1989,7(3):166-173.
[49]厉恩华,王学雷,蔡晓斌,等.洱海湖滨带植被特征及其影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(5):738-746.
[50]储昭升,叶碧碧,田桂平,等.洱海沉水植物空间分布及生物量估算[J].环境科学研究，2014,27(1):1-5．
[51]吴功果,倪乐意,曹特,等.洱海水生植物与浮游植物的历史变化及影响因素[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(5):912-917.
[52]谢杰,吴德意,陈雪初,等.滇池和洱海湖滨带水生植被状况与水质的关系研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(2):55-59.
[53]杨君兴,舒树森,陈小勇.草鱼引入对滇池湖体海菜花消亡的影响[J].动物学研究,2013,34(6):631635.
[54]李杰,王洋,刘红敏,等.海菜花(Ottelia acuminata(Gagnep.) Dandy)种植水对藻类生长的影响[J].贵州科学,2007,25(4):77-79.
[55] Lulu Zhang, Jingling Liu, Yi Li, et al. Applying AQUATOX in determining the ecologicalrisk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyl contamination in Baiyangdian Lake, NorthChina[J].Ecological Modelling,2013(265):239–249.
[56]万国江,徐义芳,李荪蓉,等.云贵高原若干湖泊水库水化学组分研究[J].环境科学丛刊,1988,9(3):37-51.
[57]尹延震,储昭升,赵明,等.洱海湖滨带水质的时空变化规律[J].中国环境科学2011,31(7)：1192-1196.
[58]张仕军,齐庆杰,王圣瑞,等.洱海沉积物有机质、铁、锰对磷的赋存特征和释放影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(4):371-377.
[59] Xiao Xiayun, Simon G. Haberle, Shen Ji, et al. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene vegetationand climate history inferred from an alpine lacustrine record, northwestern YunnanProvince, southwestern China[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2004,(86):35-48.
[60]金相灿,胡小贞,储昭升,等.“绿色流域建设”的湖泊富营养化防治思路及其在洱海的应用[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(11):1203-1209.
[61]韩涛,彭文启,李怀恩,等.洱海水体富营养化的演变及其研究进展[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报.2005,3(1):71-73.
[62]杜宝汉.洱海科研的回顾与前瞻[J].大理科技,1999,(2):48-50.
[63]王哲,谢杰,方达,等.洱海北部2种典型种植制度下农田氮污染负荷研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(5):625-629.
[64]杨苏树,倪喜云.大理州洱海流域农业非点源污染现状[J].农业环境与发展,1999,(2):43-44.
[65]尚榆民,刘滨,早合兴.大理洱海污染底泥疏浚及处理[A].大理洱海科学研究[C].北京:民族出版社,2003.351-358.
[66]戴自福.洱海湖内污染源调查分析[A].大理洱海科学研究[C].北京:民族出版社,2003.402-406.
[67]颜昌宙,叶春,刘文祥.云南洱海湖滨带生态重建方案研究[J].上海环境科学,2003,22(7):459-464.
[68]项继权.湖泊治理:从“工程治污”到“综合治理”——云南洱海水污染治理的经验与思考[J].中国软科学,2013(2):81-89.
[69]胡锦涛.在安徽视察工作时的讲话[M].2008.1.
[70]张瑞斌,钱新,郑斯瑞,等.垂向移动式生态床与生态浮床对低污染水净化效果的比较[J].环境化学,2012,31(11):1705-1710.
[71]司马卫平,何强,夏安林,等.人工湿地处理城市污水效能的影响因素分析.环境工程学报,2008,2(3):319-323.
[72]于少鹏,王海霞,万忠娟,等.人工湿地污水处理技术及其在我国发展的现状与前景[J].地理科学进展,2004,23(1):22-29.
[73] Akratos C S, Tsihrintzis V A. Effect of temperature, HRT, vegetation and porous media onremoval efficiency of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Ecological Engineering,2007,29:173-191.
[74] Tilley D R，Brown M T. Wetland networks for storm water management in subtropicalurban watersheds [J]. Ecological Engineering,1998,10(2):131-158．
[75] Vymazal J． The use constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow for various typesof wastewater [J]． Ecological Engineering，2009,35(1):1-17．
[76] Poach M E, Hunt M B, Van Ottikc, et al. Improved nitrogen treatment by constructedwetlands receiving partially nitrified liquid swine manure[J]. EcologicalEngineering,2003,20:183-197.
[77] Woodward R T, Wui Y. The economic value of wetland services：A meta analysis[J].Ecological Economics,2001,37(2)：257-270.
[78] Zdraga. The effect of environmental conditions on the ability of a constructed wetland todisinfect municipal wastewaters [J]. Environmental Management,2002,29(4)：510-515.
[79]叶春.洱海湖滨带生态恢复工程模式研究[D].北京:中国环境科学研究院,1999.
[80]汤秋香,任天志,雷宝坤,等.洱海北部地区不同轮作农田氮、磷流失特性研究.植物营养与肥料学报2011,17(3):608-615.
[81]周惠琼.2014年大理将采取十大措施保护洱海[N].2014.2.14. http://www.ynfzb.cn/Info.aspx?ModelId=1&Id=193717
[82]凌子微,仝欣楠,李亚红,等.处理低污染水的复合人工湿地脱氮过程[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(3):320-325.
[83]沈万斌,赵涛,刘鹏,等.人工湿地环境经济价值评价及实例研究[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(2)：70-74.
[84]黄锦楼,陈琴,许连煌.人工湿地在应用中存在的问题及解决措施[J].环境科学,2013,34(1):401-408.
[85]金丹越,卢少勇,金相灿,等.洱海流域村落污水塘-人工湿地-草滤带复合工艺设计[J].给水排水,2008,34(S1):35-38.
[86] Haberl R., Perfler R., Mayer H.,1995. Constructed wetland in Europe[J]. Water ScienceTechnology.32(3),305-315.
[87] Seidel, K. Abbau von bacterium coli durch hohere wasser pflanzen[J]. Naturwiss,1964,(51):395.
[88] Kickuth R. Degradation and incorporation of nutrients from rural waste waters by plantrhizosphere under limnic conditions[C]. In Utilization of Manure by Land. Spreading, UER,Commission of the European Communities, London..1977:335-343.
[89] Hammer D A. Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment[M]. Michigan: LewisPublishers Inc,1989:5-20.
[90] Brix H. Do macrophytes play a role in constructed treatment wetlands[J].Water Science andTechnology,1997,35(5):11-17.
[91]吴建强,阮晓红,王雪.人工湿地中水生植物的作用和选择[J].水资源保护,2005,21(1):1-6.
[92] Beven K, Germann P. Macropores and water flow in soils[J]. Water Resource Research,1982,18:1311
[93]成水平,吴振斌,况琪军.人工湿地植物研究[J].湖泊科学,2002,14(2):179-184.
[94]李旭东,周琪,张荣社,等.三种人工湿地脱氮除磷效果比较研究[J].地学前缘,2005,12(s):73-76.
[95]许航,陈焕壮,熊启权,等.水生植物塘脱氮除磷的效能及机理研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1999,32(4):69-73.
[96]张荣社,周琪,张建,等.潜流构造湿地去除农田排水中氮的研究[J].环境科学,2003,24(1):113-116.
[97]靖元孝,杨丹菁,陈章和,等.两栖榕在人工湿地的生长特性及其对污水的净化效果[J].生态学报,2003,23(3):614-619.
[98]段昌群.植物对环境污染的适应与植物的微进化[J].生态学杂志,1995,14(5):43-50.
[99] Reddy K R, Angelo E M, Debusk T A. Oxygen transport through aquatic macrophytes: therole in wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1989,(19):261-270.
[100] Richard Stone From Remarkable Rescue To Restoration of Lost Habitat [N]. Science,322(2008).
[101] Jing Lu, Haibin Wang, Min Pan, et al. Using sediment seed banks and historical vegetationchange data to develop restoration criteria for a eutrophic lake in China[J]. EcologicalEngineering,2012(39)95-103.
[102]王圣瑞,年跃刚,侯文华,等.人工湿地植物的选择[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):91-96.
[103]刘红,刘学燕,欧阳威,等.人工湿地植物系统优化管理研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5):1003-1008.
[104]李林锋,年跃刚,蒋高明.人工湿地植物研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2006,28(8):616-610.
[105]由文辉,刘淑媛,钱晓燕.水生经济植物净化受污染水体研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000(1):99-102.
[106]崔保山,刘兴土.湿地生态系统设计的一些基本问题探讨[J],应用生态学报,2001,12(1):145-150.
[107]陈飞星,朱斌.利用水生植物改善北京动物园水环境的研究初探[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(8):469-472
[108]岳春雷,王华胜,高瞻,等.人工湿地循环净化杭州植物园玉泉观鱼池水效果分析[J],浙江林业科技,2002,22(4):1-4.
[109]胡焕斌,人工湿地处理矿山炸药废水[J].环境科学与技术,1997,(3):17-26.
[110]黄时达,杨有仪,冷冰,等.人工湿地植物处理污水的实验研究[J].四川环境.1995,14(3):5-7.
[111] Jampeetong A, Brix H, Kantawanichkul S. Effects of inorganic nitrogen forms on growth,morphology, nitrogen uptake capacity and nutrient allocation of four tropical aquaticmacrophytes (Salviniacucullata, Ipomoea aquatica, Cyperus involucratus and Vetiveriazizanioides)[J]. Aquatic Botany,2012(97):10-16.
[112] L.M. Cowardine, V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. La Roe (Eds.), Classification of Wetlandand Deepwater Habitats of the United States[S], US Fish and Wildlife Service manualFWS/OBS79/31,103,1979.
[113] Antonio C. Barberaa, Giuseppe L. Cirelli, Valeria Cavallaro, et al. Growth and biomassproduction of different plant species in two different constructed wetland systems inSicily[J],Desalination246(2009)129-136.
[114]蒋岚岚,刘晋,吴伟,等.城北污水处理厂尾水人工湿地处理示范工程设计[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(10):26-29.
[115]袁东海,任全进,高士祥,等.几种湿地植物净化生活污水COD、总氮效果比较[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(12):2337-2341.
[116] Blokhina O, Virolainen E, Fagerstedt KV. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygendeprivation stress：A review[J]. Annals of Botany,2003,(91):179-194．
[117] Livingstone D R, Archibald S, Chipman K L, et al. Antioxidant enzymes in liver of dabLimanda from the North Sea [J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,1992,(91):97-104.
[118] Jovanovic ZS, Milosevic JD, Radovic SR. Antioxidative enzymes in the response of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) to ultraviolet Bradiation[J]. Journal of Agriculturaland Food Chemistry,2006(54):9472-9478.
[119][116]Tang C F, Liu Y G, Zeng G M, et al. Effects of exogenous spermidine on antioxidantsystem responses of Typha latifolia L. under Cd2+stress[J]. Journal of Integrative PlantBiology,2005(47):428-434.
[120]马旭俊,朱大海.植物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的研究进展[J].遗传,2003,25(2):225-231.
[121]覃鹏,刘飞虎,梁雪妮.超氧化物歧化酶与植物抗逆性[J].黑龙江农业科学,2002,(1):31-34.
[122] Ullman CR. Antioxidant enzyme response to hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in the estuarine fish Leiostom us x anthurus[D]. Dissertation Abstracts International,2005,66-2(B):671.
[123] Asada K, Kiso, Yoshikawa K. Univalent reduction of molecular oxygen by spinachcholorop lasts on illumination[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,1974,249:2175-2184.
[124]刘艳,王有年,王雪丽.水分胁迫下苹果幼苗叶绿体活性氧代谢对光合作用的影响[J].北京农学院学报,2004,19(1):19-22.
[125] Crawford L A, Bown A W, Breitkreuz K E, et a1. The synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid inresponse to treatments reducing cytosolic pH[J]. Plant Physiol,1994,(104):865-871.
[126] Gamble P E, Burke J J. Effect of water stress on the chlorop last antioxidant system I.Alteration in glutathione reductase activity[J]. Plant Physiology,1984,(76):615-621.
[127] Stobrawa K, Lorenc Pluciska G. Changes in antioxidant enzyme activity in the fine roots ofblack poplar (Populus nigra L.) and cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartrex Marsch) in aheavy-metal-polluted environment[J]. Plant and Soil,2007,(298):57-68.
[128] Scandalios J G. Oxidative stress: molecular perception and transduction of signal striggeringantioxidant genedefenses[J]. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research,2005,38(7):995-1014.
[129]慈敦伟,姜东,戴延波,等.镉胁迫对小麦幼苗膜脂过氧化作用及镉吸收转运的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(3):508-513.
[130] Marques D, Esteves AI, Almeida M, et al. Superoxide dismutase in the marine spongeCliona celata[J]. Marine Biology,2008,(153):807-813.
[131] Nimptsch J, Pflugmacher S. Ammonia triggers the promotion of oxidative stress in theaquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum mattogrossense[J].Chemosphere,2007,(66):708-714.
[132] Brant W. Touchette, Jo Ann M. Burkholder. Carbon and nitrogen metabolism in theseagrass, Zostera marina L.: Environmental control of enzymes invovled in carbon alloationand nitrogen assimilation[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2007,(350):216-233.
[133]肖德林,邓仕槐,李宏娟,等.畜禽废水胁迫对芦苇叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2021-2026.
[134] Banerjee B D, Seth V, Bhattacharya A. Biochemical effects of some pesticides on lipidperoxidation and free-radical scavengers[J]. Toxicolog Letters.1999,107:33-47.
[135] Guan B, Yu J B, Wang X H, et a1. Physiological responses of halophyte suaeda salsa towater table and salt stresses in coastal wetland of yellow river delta[J]. Clean-Soil AirWater,2011,39(12):1029-1035.
[136] Mishra S, Srivastava S, Tripathi RD, et al. Lead detoxification by coontail (Ceratophyllumdemersum L.) involves induction of phytochelatins and antioxidant system in response to itsaccumulation[J]. Chemosphere,2006,65:1027-1039
[137]贾秀英,董爱华,马小梅.铅胁迫对蟾蜍抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响[J].中国环境科学2004,24(2):155-158.
[138]金相灿,郭俊秀,许秋瑾,等.不同质量浓度氨氮对轮叶黑藻和穗花狐尾藻抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].生态环境2008,17(1):1-5.
[139]颜昌宙,曾阿妍,金相灿,等.不同浓度氨氮对轮叶黑藻的生理影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):1050-1055.
[140] Katwijk, M. M. van, Vergeer, L.H.T. Schmitz, G. H. W. Roelofs J. G. M. Ammoniumtoxicity in eelgrass Zostera marina[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,1997,(157):159–173.
[141] Serna M D, Legaz B F, Primomillo E. The influence of nitrogen concentration andammonium/nitrate ratio on N-uptake, mineral composition and yield of citrus[J]. Plant andSoil,1992,147:13-23.
[142] Peuke D A; Tischner R. Nitrate uptake and reduction of aseptically cultivated spruceseedlings[J], Journal of Experimental Botany,1991,239:723-728.
[143] Cao T, Ni L Y, Xie P. Acute biochemical responses of a submersed macrophytePotamogeton crispus L. to high ammonium in an aquarium experiment[J]. FreshwaterEcology，2004,19(2):279-284.
[144]杨瑾,王铭,李涛,等.氮胁迫对雨生红球藻色素积累与抗氧化系统的影响[J].植物生理学报,2011,47(2):147-152.
[145] Yu H C,Ye C,Song X F, et a1. Comparative analysis of growth and physio-biochemicalresponses of Hydrilla verticillata to different sediments in freshwater microcosms[J].Ecological Engineering,2010,36(10):1285-1289.
[146] Wang C, Zhang S H, Wang P F, et a1. Metabolic adaptations to ammonia induced oxidativestress in leaves of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans (Lour) Hara[J]. AquaticToxicology,2008,87(2):88-98.
[147][144]高镜清,黄五星,黄宇,等.铵态氮胁迫下金鱼藻的过氧化损伤和抗氧化能力[J]．武汉大学学报，2010，56(5)：590-596.
[148]赵成胜,黄贤金,钟太洋.基于层次聚类方法的区域土地用途分区研究——以安徽天长市为例[J].国土资源科技管理,2009,26(5):82-86.
[149]廖海燕.系统聚类法在葡萄酒分类中的应用[J].韶关学院学报(自然科学),2012,33(8):14-16.
[150]苏新红.聚类分析在石首鱼类分类中的应用[J].生物数学学报,2009,24(4):733-740.
[151]王显金,阳军.聚类分析方法在DNA序列分类中的应用[J].宁波工程学院学报,2011,23(3):52-56.
[152]王改利,刘黎平.暴雨云团的多尺度识别方法及其在临近预报中的应用[J].大气科学,2007,31(3):400-409.
[153]潘琦,宋祥甫,邹国燕,等.不同温度对沉水植物保护酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(5):1881-1886.
[154]叶勇,卢昌义,胡宏友,等.三种泌盐红树植物对盐胁迫的耐受性比较[J].生态学报,2004,24(11):2444-2450.
[155]赵菊芳.洱源投资300多万元建成邓北桥湿地[N].大理日报,2010,12.16,A3.
[156]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导（第三版）[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.
[157]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:72-79.
[158] Chen J X, Wang X F. Experimental guidance of plant physiology. Guangzhou: South ChinaUniversity of Technology Press,2002.120-121.
[159] Chance B, Maehly A. Assay of catalase and peroxidase, in: S. P. Colowick, N.O. Kaplan(Eds.), Methods in Enzymology[M], New York, Academic Press.1995,764-775.
[160] Heath R L, Packer L. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts é. Kinetics andstoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation[J]. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.,1968,125:189-198.
[161]彭运生,刘恩.关于提取叶绿素方法的比较研究[J].北京农业大学学报,1992,18(3):247-250.
[162]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量的测定-丙酮乙醇混合法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986,(3)：26-28.
[163]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测方法[M].中国环境科学出版社,北京:2002.
[164] Van AFV, Clij Sters H. Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants[J]. Plant Cell andEnvironment,1990,13:195-206.
[165] Li X G, Meng Q W, Jiang G Q, Zou Q. The susceptibility of cucumber and sweet pepper tochilling under low irradiance is related to energy dissipation and water-water cycle[J].Photosynthetica,2003,41(2):259-265.
[166]许楠,孙广玉.低温锻炼后桑树幼苗光合作用和抗氧化酶对冷胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(4):761-766.
[167] Zhang Xiaoai, Wang Zhihui, Zhang Xinquan, et al. Effects of heavy metals and saline-alkalion growth, physiology and biochemistry of Orychophragmus violaceus[J]. AgriculturalScience&Technology,2012,13(7)：1478-1483.
[168]冯世静,杨途熙,张艳军,等.镉胁迫对杨树光合特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(3):539-547.
[169]王珺,顾宇飞,纪东成,等.富营养条件下不同形态氮对轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)的生理影响[J].环境科学研究,2006,19(1):71-74.
[170]刘燕，王圣瑞，金相灿,等.水体营养水平对3种沉水植物生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(1):57-63.
[171]马剑敏,靳同霞,靳萍,等.伊乐藻和苦草对硝氮胁迫的响应[J].河南师范大学学报,2007,35(3):115-118.
[172]许秋瑾,金相灿,王兴民,等.不同浓度铵态氮对镉胁迫轮叶黑藻生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(2):420-424.
[173]周希琴,莫灿冲.植物重金属胁迫及其抗氧化系统[J].新疆教育学院学报,2003,19(2):103-1008.
[174]王斌,李伟.不同N、P浓度条件下竹叶眼子菜的生理反应[J].生态学报,2002,22(10):1616-1621.
[175] Thai K V, Greg S W, Ted D C. Competition between Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneriaamericana as in fluenced by soil fertility[J]. Aquatic Botany,1999,62:225-233.
[176]朱伟,张俊,赵联芳.底质中氨氮对沉水植物生长的影响[J].生态环境2006,15(5):914-920.
[177] I. Cakmak, H. Marschner. Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activitiesof superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves[J].Plant physiology,1992,(98):1222-1227.
[178] Apel K, Hirt H. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signaltransduction[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2004,55(1):373-399．
[179]陈金峰,王宫南,程素满.过氧化氢酶在植物胁迫响应中的功能研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):188-193.
[180] Fan Yuanyuan, Yuan Miaomiao, Deng Meifeng, et al. Effects of High N、P Water onActivities of SOD, POD and CAT of Elodeanuttallii[J].Amino Acids&BioticResources,2007,29(3):38-41.
[181]陈少裕.膜脂过氧化与植物逆境胁迫[J].植物学通报,1989,6(4):211-217.
[182]薛继澄,毕德义,李家金,等.保护地栽培蔬菜生理障碍的土壤因子与对策[J].土壤肥料,1994(1):4-9.
[183] Bansyat P, Teeter L D, Flynn KM, et al. Relationships between landscape characteristicsand non-point source pollution inputs to coastal estuaries [J]. Environmental Management,1999,23(4):539-549.
[184]杨凤娟. NO-3胁迫导致黄瓜生育障害机理的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2006.
[185]苏秀荣,王秀峰,杨凤娟.不同浓度的NO-3对黄瓜幼苗光合特性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1110-1117.
[186] Wincor I. New molecular approaches to improving salt tolerance in crop plants[J]. Annals ofBotany,1998,82:703-710.
[187] Horneck D A, Miller R O. Determination of total nitrogen in plant tissue. In:Kalra YP, ed.Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis[M].New York: CRC Press.1998:75-83.
[188] Motomizu S, Wakimoto T, Toei K. Spectra photometric determination of phosphate in riverwaters with molybdate blue and malachite green[J]. Analyse:1983(108):361-367.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |