基于CBR和HTML5的建筑空间检索与生成研究
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摘要
论文系统总结和梳理计算机辅助建筑设计（CAAD）发展历程，以“建筑形式综合论”为切入点，在剖析建筑表面“外形”和内在“形式”之区别基础上，揭示当前建筑学界因将参数化设计方法和应用局限于建筑外形表达，而陷入过分追求形式误区的现状，提出建筑数字技术的本质，即适应性地将信息技术应用与建筑设计中，使设计过程更加高效和令人愉悦。
设计师应摆脱传统设计中“翻书”和“冥思苦想”过程，取而代之的是“随心所欲”和“一触即发”的更加高效和令人愉悦的数字化设计体验。通过比较分析基于案例推理（CBR）在CAAD领域20年发展过程中的各种原型并借鉴其不同的功能特征和优势，本研究提出基于CBR和HTML5的建筑空间检索与生成原型Architable，以及建筑空间关系数据库构想。Architable原型使设计参与者跨越专业和地理限制，随时随地通过在智能手机和平板电脑等触摸设备上绘制构思草图，从网络数据库中快速检索到大量相关参考案例，从而获得新的设计灵感。随后计算机根据设计条件和建筑师喜好自动对构思草图进行调整、生成和进化，将“老方案”进化为“新方案”，在提高设计效率的同时，激发设计师创新思维。
为实现这一构想，论文在介绍空间关系及其形式化研究基础上，根据建筑空间的特征提出建筑空间“层级关系”、“连通性关系”和“方位关系”等拓扑关系，建立建筑空间关系的形式化表达方法，并开发Space Grammar原型验证建筑空间关系分类和形式化表达的技术可靠性。在此基础上建立建筑空间关系数据库模型，以及建筑设计方案录入和建筑空间关系匹配方法，实现设计案例的存储与检索。最后提出建筑空间的适应性调整、自动生成及布局进化方法，并开发C-Sign原型，借助遗传算法模拟设计师“理性”与“感性”思维共同控制下的建筑空间布局进化过程，实现在激发设计师灵感的同时，对建筑空间生成结果进行方案优化，并最终形成一种理性、高效和令人愉悦的建筑数字化设计方式。
With the development of Computer-aided Architectural Design (CAAD)summarized, the difference between architectural “shape” and “form” analyzed, andthe phenomenon of parametric application restricted in finding shape revealed, thisarticle proposes the principal of architectural digital technology as, adaptivelyapplying information technology into architectural design, and making design processmore efficient and pleasant.
Instead of the traditional architactural design process by reading huge amounts ofbooks and keeping boring thinking, architects need a new rational, efficient andpleasant digital design experience of "as you wish" and "one button go". Throughcomparing and analyzing different CBR prototypes applied in CAAD during the past20years, concept of Architable and its human-computer interaction based on networkand touch system is proposed. The Architable prototype allows people from differentplaces to operate on the graphical webpage together through iphone and ipad,recieving abundent precedent references by drawing conceptual sketches, in order toget new ideas and transform old solutions into new one though automatic spatialgenerating and evolution.
After introducing the research on spatial relation and its formalization,architectural spatial relations are classified as different topological relations including“hierarchy relation”,“connectivity relation” and “direction relation”. Withformalization method of architectural spatial relation proposed, the architecturalspatial relation database (ASRD) is established, and the storage and retrieval ofarchitectural spatial relation will be realized through inputting and matching approach.Finally, with methods of adaptively modification, automatically generating andevolution researched, and Space Grammar and C-Sign prototypes developed, theobjective of Architable is preliminarily achieved, and the future development ofASRD in solutions generating is shown.
设计师应摆脱传统设计中“翻书”和“冥思苦想”过程，取而代之的是“随心所欲”和“一触即发”的更加高效和令人愉悦的数字化设计体验。通过比较分析基于案例推理（CBR）在CAAD领域20年发展过程中的各种原型并借鉴其不同的功能特征和优势，本研究提出基于CBR和HTML5的建筑空间检索与生成原型Architable，以及建筑空间关系数据库构想。Architable原型使设计参与者跨越专业和地理限制，随时随地通过在智能手机和平板电脑等触摸设备上绘制构思草图，从网络数据库中快速检索到大量相关参考案例，从而获得新的设计灵感。随后计算机根据设计条件和建筑师喜好自动对构思草图进行调整、生成和进化，将“老方案”进化为“新方案”，在提高设计效率的同时，激发设计师创新思维。
为实现这一构想，论文在介绍空间关系及其形式化研究基础上，根据建筑空间的特征提出建筑空间“层级关系”、“连通性关系”和“方位关系”等拓扑关系，建立建筑空间关系的形式化表达方法，并开发Space Grammar原型验证建筑空间关系分类和形式化表达的技术可靠性。在此基础上建立建筑空间关系数据库模型，以及建筑设计方案录入和建筑空间关系匹配方法，实现设计案例的存储与检索。最后提出建筑空间的适应性调整、自动生成及布局进化方法，并开发C-Sign原型，借助遗传算法模拟设计师“理性”与“感性”思维共同控制下的建筑空间布局进化过程，实现在激发设计师灵感的同时，对建筑空间生成结果进行方案优化，并最终形成一种理性、高效和令人愉悦的建筑数字化设计方式。
With the development of Computer-aided Architectural Design (CAAD)summarized, the difference between architectural “shape” and “form” analyzed, andthe phenomenon of parametric application restricted in finding shape revealed, thisarticle proposes the principal of architectural digital technology as, adaptivelyapplying information technology into architectural design, and making design processmore efficient and pleasant.
Instead of the traditional architactural design process by reading huge amounts ofbooks and keeping boring thinking, architects need a new rational, efficient andpleasant digital design experience of "as you wish" and "one button go". Throughcomparing and analyzing different CBR prototypes applied in CAAD during the past20years, concept of Architable and its human-computer interaction based on networkand touch system is proposed. The Architable prototype allows people from differentplaces to operate on the graphical webpage together through iphone and ipad,recieving abundent precedent references by drawing conceptual sketches, in order toget new ideas and transform old solutions into new one though automatic spatialgenerating and evolution.
After introducing the research on spatial relation and its formalization,architectural spatial relations are classified as different topological relations including“hierarchy relation”,“connectivity relation” and “direction relation”. Withformalization method of architectural spatial relation proposed, the architecturalspatial relation database (ASRD) is established, and the storage and retrieval ofarchitectural spatial relation will be realized through inputting and matching approach.Finally, with methods of adaptively modification, automatically generating andevolution researched, and Space Grammar and C-Sign prototypes developed, theobjective of Architable is preliminarily achieved, and the future development ofASRD in solutions generating is shown.
引文
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