社会资本对产品创新影响研究：知识管理和供应链整合中介效应
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摘要
随着知识经济时代的到来，知识的重要性逐步超越物力财力、人力资本与智力资本，成为企业创新的关键技术源泉；而创新在供应链上所表现出的集群性，供应链整合也成为企业创新的重要技术资源。
基于社会资本理论、知识管理理论、供应链整合理论和产品创新理论，构建企业的社会资本与产品创新的理论模型，分别引入知识管理和供应链整合作为中介变量，采用统计分析软件SPSS16.0及AMOS7.0进行实证分析，探索四者之间的内在逻辑影响关系和中介效应。本文主要工作体现在以下三个方面：
第一，将社会资本划分为外部社会资本和内部社会资本两方面，并分别从结构维度、认知维度和关系维度考察对知识管理、供应链整合和产品创新的影响作用。研究表明：（1）社会资本的认知维度积极影响产品创新，社会资本的结构维度和关系维度对产品创新没有直接影响；（2）外部社会资本积极影响知识获取，内部社会资本积极影响知识共享、知识转化和知识应用；（3）外部社会资本的结构维度和认知维度积极影响供应商整合和客户整合，外部社会资本的关系维度对供应商整合和客户整合没有直接影响；内部社会资本的结构维度积极影响内部整合，内部社会资本的认知维度和关系维度对内部整合没有直接影响。
第二，构建了社会资本、知识管理和产品创新的结构模型，检验三者之间的影响关系和知识管理的中介效应。将知识管理作为中介变量，探究了社会资本与产品创新关系研究的内部逻辑路径。研究表明知识获取、知识共享、知识转化和知识应用分别在社会资本与产品创新的影响关系中存在中介效应。
第三，构建了社会资本、供应链整合和产品创新的结构模型，检验三者之间的影响关系和供应链整合的中介效应。将供应链整合作为中介变量，剖析了社会资本与产品创新的内部逻辑路径。研究表明供应商整合和客户整合在外部社会资本的结构维度和认知维度及产品创新的关系中存在中介效应，供应商整合和客户整合在外部社会资本的关系维度及产品创新的关系中不存在中介效应；内部整合在内部社会资本的结构维度对产品创新的影响关系中存在中介效应，然而内部整合在内部社会资本的认知维度和关系维度中不存在中介效应。
本论文基于中国大陆十三个省市四个行业的实证调查，验证了以上两个结构模型的作用机理和逻辑路径，拓展和深化了社会资本与产品创新影响关系的研究视角，为我国企业的社会资本管理、知识管理、供应链整合管理和产品创新管理提供了具有中国国情的理论指导。
With the coming of the era of knowledge economy, the knowledge is graduallyexceeding the materials, financial resources, human capitals, and intellectual capitals,and becomes the key technological source of corporate innovation. Thus, with thecluster character of innovation in the supply chain, the supply chain integration alsobecomes an important technological resource of corporate innovation.
Based on the social capital theory, the knowledge management theory, the supplychain integration theory, and the product innovation theory, this paper builds atheoretical model of corporate social capital and product innovation, respectivelyintroduces the knowledge management and supply chain integration as interveningvariables, uses the statistical analysis software SPSS16.0and AMOS7.0to makeempirical analysis, and explores the internal logic interactions and intermediaryeffects among the four elements. This paper includes the four aspects as follows.
Firstly, divide the social capital into two aspects, i.e. the external social capitaland the internal social capital, and study the impacts on the knowledge management,supply chain integration, and product innovation respectively from the structuraldimension, cognitive dimension, and relationship dimension. Studies show that:(1)The cognitive dimension of social capital has positive impacts on product innovationand the structural dimension and relationship dimension of social capital have nodirect impact on product innovation;(2) The external social capital affects knowledgeacquisition positively and the internal social capital affects knowledge sharing,knowledge transfer and knowledge application positively;(3) The structuraldimension and cognitive dimension of external social capital affects the supplierintegration and customer integration positively, and the relationship dimension ofexternal capital has no direct impacts on supplier integration and customer integration;the structural dimension of internal social capital affects the internal integrationpositively, and the cognitive dimension and relationship dimension of internal socialcapital have no direct impacts on the internal integration.
Secondly, build the structural model of social capital, knowledge management,and product innovation, and test the relationships of the three elements and theintervening effects of knowledge management. By introducing the knowledgemanagement as a intervening variable, this paper explores the internal logic path ofthe relationship of social capital and product innovation. Studies prove that knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, and knowledgeapplication respectively have intervening effects on the relationship of social capitaland product innovation.
Thirdly, build the structural model of social capital, supply chain integration, andproduct innovation, and test the relationships of the three elements and the interveningeffects of supply chain integration. By introducing the supply chain integration as theintervening variable, this paper analyzes the internal logic path of the relationship ofsocial capital and product innovation. Studies show that the supplier integration andcustomer integration have intervening effects on product innovation at the structuraldimension and cognitive dimension of external social capital, while the supplierintegration and customer integration have no intervening effect on product innovationat the relationship dimension of external social capital; the internal integration hasintervening effects on product innovation at the structural dimension of internal socialcapital, while the internal integration has no intervening effect on product innovationat the cognitive dimension and relationship dimension of internal social capital.
This paper completes an empirical research on four industries in thirteenprovinces and cities of China, verifies the functional mechanism and logic path of twostructural models, expands and deepens the study of relationships of social capital andproduct innovation, and provides theoretical directions for social capital management,knowledge management, supply chain integration management, and productinnovation management in Chinese corporations.
基于社会资本理论、知识管理理论、供应链整合理论和产品创新理论，构建企业的社会资本与产品创新的理论模型，分别引入知识管理和供应链整合作为中介变量，采用统计分析软件SPSS16.0及AMOS7.0进行实证分析，探索四者之间的内在逻辑影响关系和中介效应。本文主要工作体现在以下三个方面：
第一，将社会资本划分为外部社会资本和内部社会资本两方面，并分别从结构维度、认知维度和关系维度考察对知识管理、供应链整合和产品创新的影响作用。研究表明：（1）社会资本的认知维度积极影响产品创新，社会资本的结构维度和关系维度对产品创新没有直接影响；（2）外部社会资本积极影响知识获取，内部社会资本积极影响知识共享、知识转化和知识应用；（3）外部社会资本的结构维度和认知维度积极影响供应商整合和客户整合，外部社会资本的关系维度对供应商整合和客户整合没有直接影响；内部社会资本的结构维度积极影响内部整合，内部社会资本的认知维度和关系维度对内部整合没有直接影响。
第二，构建了社会资本、知识管理和产品创新的结构模型，检验三者之间的影响关系和知识管理的中介效应。将知识管理作为中介变量，探究了社会资本与产品创新关系研究的内部逻辑路径。研究表明知识获取、知识共享、知识转化和知识应用分别在社会资本与产品创新的影响关系中存在中介效应。
第三，构建了社会资本、供应链整合和产品创新的结构模型，检验三者之间的影响关系和供应链整合的中介效应。将供应链整合作为中介变量，剖析了社会资本与产品创新的内部逻辑路径。研究表明供应商整合和客户整合在外部社会资本的结构维度和认知维度及产品创新的关系中存在中介效应，供应商整合和客户整合在外部社会资本的关系维度及产品创新的关系中不存在中介效应；内部整合在内部社会资本的结构维度对产品创新的影响关系中存在中介效应，然而内部整合在内部社会资本的认知维度和关系维度中不存在中介效应。
本论文基于中国大陆十三个省市四个行业的实证调查，验证了以上两个结构模型的作用机理和逻辑路径，拓展和深化了社会资本与产品创新影响关系的研究视角，为我国企业的社会资本管理、知识管理、供应链整合管理和产品创新管理提供了具有中国国情的理论指导。
With the coming of the era of knowledge economy, the knowledge is graduallyexceeding the materials, financial resources, human capitals, and intellectual capitals,and becomes the key technological source of corporate innovation. Thus, with thecluster character of innovation in the supply chain, the supply chain integration alsobecomes an important technological resource of corporate innovation.
Based on the social capital theory, the knowledge management theory, the supplychain integration theory, and the product innovation theory, this paper builds atheoretical model of corporate social capital and product innovation, respectivelyintroduces the knowledge management and supply chain integration as interveningvariables, uses the statistical analysis software SPSS16.0and AMOS7.0to makeempirical analysis, and explores the internal logic interactions and intermediaryeffects among the four elements. This paper includes the four aspects as follows.
Firstly, divide the social capital into two aspects, i.e. the external social capitaland the internal social capital, and study the impacts on the knowledge management,supply chain integration, and product innovation respectively from the structuraldimension, cognitive dimension, and relationship dimension. Studies show that:(1)The cognitive dimension of social capital has positive impacts on product innovationand the structural dimension and relationship dimension of social capital have nodirect impact on product innovation;(2) The external social capital affects knowledgeacquisition positively and the internal social capital affects knowledge sharing,knowledge transfer and knowledge application positively;(3) The structuraldimension and cognitive dimension of external social capital affects the supplierintegration and customer integration positively, and the relationship dimension ofexternal capital has no direct impacts on supplier integration and customer integration;the structural dimension of internal social capital affects the internal integrationpositively, and the cognitive dimension and relationship dimension of internal socialcapital have no direct impacts on the internal integration.
Secondly, build the structural model of social capital, knowledge management,and product innovation, and test the relationships of the three elements and theintervening effects of knowledge management. By introducing the knowledgemanagement as a intervening variable, this paper explores the internal logic path ofthe relationship of social capital and product innovation. Studies prove that knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, and knowledgeapplication respectively have intervening effects on the relationship of social capitaland product innovation.
Thirdly, build the structural model of social capital, supply chain integration, andproduct innovation, and test the relationships of the three elements and the interveningeffects of supply chain integration. By introducing the supply chain integration as theintervening variable, this paper analyzes the internal logic path of the relationship ofsocial capital and product innovation. Studies show that the supplier integration andcustomer integration have intervening effects on product innovation at the structuraldimension and cognitive dimension of external social capital, while the supplierintegration and customer integration have no intervening effect on product innovationat the relationship dimension of external social capital; the internal integration hasintervening effects on product innovation at the structural dimension of internal socialcapital, while the internal integration has no intervening effect on product innovationat the cognitive dimension and relationship dimension of internal social capital.
This paper completes an empirical research on four industries in thirteenprovinces and cities of China, verifies the functional mechanism and logic path of twostructural models, expands and deepens the study of relationships of social capital andproduct innovation, and provides theoretical directions for social capital management,knowledge management, supply chain integration management, and productinnovation management in Chinese corporations.
引文
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