松辽盆地晚白垩世地层及微体古生物群
|
摘要
松辽盆地是全球晚白垩世最大的内陆沉积盆地,孕育了具有强烈地域特色的松花江生物群和明水生物群。通过对其中的微体化石系统研究,建立了51个微体化石组合(或化石带)。结合岩石地层学、年代地层学、地震地层学、测井地层学、磁性地层学和事件地层学等研究成果,确立了松辽盆地上、下白垩统的界线划分方案及晚白垩世各组的地质时代,进而探讨了松辽盆地晚白垩世微体生物群演替与古湖泊演化之间的关系。获得的主要认识如下:
1、泉头组产有晚白垩世重要的被子植物花粉化石Quantonenpollis,Cranwellia,Scollardia,Lythraites,Xinjiangpollis,Gothanipollis,Triporopollenites等和晚白垩世被子植物化石Platanus septentrionalis,Trapa angulata等。磷灰石裂变径迹和锆石U-Pb法给出的泉头组的合理年龄值应小于100Ma。因此,松辽盆地上、下白垩统的界线应在泉头组的底界,即泉头组与登娄库组之间,而不是泉头组的顶界。
2、青山口组一段黑色泥岩、页岩具有有机碳含量高、重排甾烷含量低,生物标志物出现28,30—双降藿烷和伽马蜡烷,干酷根碳同位素具有正向偏移等有机地球化学特征,表征为青山口组一段黑色页岩、油页岩是古湖泊缺氧事件的产物,它对应于白垩纪古海洋Cenomanian—Turonian期界线附近缺氧事件,二者具同步性。
3、通过生物地层学、年代地层学、磁性地层学和事件地层学研究,认为泉头阶大体相当于Cenomanian阶,青山口阶相当于晚Cenomanian—早Turonian阶,姚家阶对应于晚Turonian—Coniacian阶,嫩江阶对应于Santonian—Campanian阶,四方台阶和明水阶相当于Maastrichtian阶。
4、通过对松辽盆地上白垩统的岩性、岩相及微体化石分析,认为滨浅湖相是微体生物群最为发育的相带,其次为三角洲前缘相和三角洲分流平原相。高水位期的滨浅湖环境(如青山口组和嫩江组),化石属种具有高的分异度和丰富度,化石纹饰结构趋于复杂化、多元化;低水位期(如姚家组),微体化石分异度和丰富度低,纹饰结构相对简单。
Songliao Basin is the largest continental sedimentary basin during late Cretaceous in Asia,where yields the Songhuajiang Biota and Minshui Biota of strong endemic features. Based on the study of microfossils,51 fossil assemblages(or fossil zones) have been set up. According to new data of lithostratigraphy,chronostratigraphy,seismic stratigraphy,logging stratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy and event stratigraphy,the division schemes on Lower/ Upper Cretaceous boundary has been located,and the geological times have been referred to each formation.Under the revised stratigraphic succession,the relation between micropaleontological evolution and lacustrine environmental change has been generally discussed.The major scientific achievements of this study are as follows:
1.Important angiospermae pollen fossils such as Quantonenpollis,Cranwellia,Scollardia, Lythraites,Xinjiangpollis,Gothanipollis,Triporopollenites and angiospermae fossils as Platanus septentrionalis,Trapa angulata have been obtained from the Quantou Formation. They are Late Cretaceous in age.The reasonable geologic time of the Quantou Formation may be later than 100Ma deduced by apatite fission tracks and zircon U-Pb analysis.The Lower/Upper Cretaceous boundary in Songliao Basin is,therefore,between the Quantou and Denglouku formations,instead of between the Quantou and Qingshankou formations.
2.The dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are of high organic carbon and low diasteranes contents.Organic geochemical characters are illustrated by biomarkers of 28,30-bisnorhopane and gammacerane,and positive excursion of kerogen isotopes.It is suggested that the dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are the products of lake anoxic period.It corresponds to the oceanic anoxic event at Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in Cretaceous.
3.Based on the study of biostratigraphy,chronostratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy and event stratigraphy,a correlation of the lacustrine sequence to marine standard has been proposed,i.e.,the Quantou Formation corresponds to Cenomanian stage,Qingshankou Formation correlates to Later Cenomanian-Early Turonian,Yaojia Formation to Later Turonian-Coniacian,Nenjiang Formation to Santonian-Campanian.Sifangtai and Minshui Formations to Maastrichtian.
4.Analysis of lithology,lithofacies and microfossils of Cretaceous in Songliao Basin, shows that shore and shallow lake facies yield the most abundant microfossil groups,and the predelta and deltaic distributary plain facies rich in fossils as well.In the shore and shallow lake areas during the high level periods(such as Qingshankou and Nenjiang sedimentary periods),the lacustrine biota are of high diversity and high abundance.The fossil ornamentations tend to be complicated and multiplicated.During the lower level period(such as Yaojia sedimentary periods),fossil assemblages are of lower diversity and lower abundance. The fossil ornamentations show relatively simple structures.
1、泉头组产有晚白垩世重要的被子植物花粉化石Quantonenpollis,Cranwellia,Scollardia,Lythraites,Xinjiangpollis,Gothanipollis,Triporopollenites等和晚白垩世被子植物化石Platanus septentrionalis,Trapa angulata等。磷灰石裂变径迹和锆石U-Pb法给出的泉头组的合理年龄值应小于100Ma。因此,松辽盆地上、下白垩统的界线应在泉头组的底界,即泉头组与登娄库组之间,而不是泉头组的顶界。
2、青山口组一段黑色泥岩、页岩具有有机碳含量高、重排甾烷含量低,生物标志物出现28,30—双降藿烷和伽马蜡烷,干酷根碳同位素具有正向偏移等有机地球化学特征,表征为青山口组一段黑色页岩、油页岩是古湖泊缺氧事件的产物,它对应于白垩纪古海洋Cenomanian—Turonian期界线附近缺氧事件,二者具同步性。
3、通过生物地层学、年代地层学、磁性地层学和事件地层学研究,认为泉头阶大体相当于Cenomanian阶,青山口阶相当于晚Cenomanian—早Turonian阶,姚家阶对应于晚Turonian—Coniacian阶,嫩江阶对应于Santonian—Campanian阶,四方台阶和明水阶相当于Maastrichtian阶。
4、通过对松辽盆地上白垩统的岩性、岩相及微体化石分析,认为滨浅湖相是微体生物群最为发育的相带,其次为三角洲前缘相和三角洲分流平原相。高水位期的滨浅湖环境(如青山口组和嫩江组),化石属种具有高的分异度和丰富度,化石纹饰结构趋于复杂化、多元化;低水位期(如姚家组),微体化石分异度和丰富度低,纹饰结构相对简单。
Songliao Basin is the largest continental sedimentary basin during late Cretaceous in Asia,where yields the Songhuajiang Biota and Minshui Biota of strong endemic features. Based on the study of microfossils,51 fossil assemblages(or fossil zones) have been set up. According to new data of lithostratigraphy,chronostratigraphy,seismic stratigraphy,logging stratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy and event stratigraphy,the division schemes on Lower/ Upper Cretaceous boundary has been located,and the geological times have been referred to each formation.Under the revised stratigraphic succession,the relation between micropaleontological evolution and lacustrine environmental change has been generally discussed.The major scientific achievements of this study are as follows:
1.Important angiospermae pollen fossils such as Quantonenpollis,Cranwellia,Scollardia, Lythraites,Xinjiangpollis,Gothanipollis,Triporopollenites and angiospermae fossils as Platanus septentrionalis,Trapa angulata have been obtained from the Quantou Formation. They are Late Cretaceous in age.The reasonable geologic time of the Quantou Formation may be later than 100Ma deduced by apatite fission tracks and zircon U-Pb analysis.The Lower/Upper Cretaceous boundary in Songliao Basin is,therefore,between the Quantou and Denglouku formations,instead of between the Quantou and Qingshankou formations.
2.The dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are of high organic carbon and low diasteranes contents.Organic geochemical characters are illustrated by biomarkers of 28,30-bisnorhopane and gammacerane,and positive excursion of kerogen isotopes.It is suggested that the dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are the products of lake anoxic period.It corresponds to the oceanic anoxic event at Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in Cretaceous.
3.Based on the study of biostratigraphy,chronostratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy and event stratigraphy,a correlation of the lacustrine sequence to marine standard has been proposed,i.e.,the Quantou Formation corresponds to Cenomanian stage,Qingshankou Formation correlates to Later Cenomanian-Early Turonian,Yaojia Formation to Later Turonian-Coniacian,Nenjiang Formation to Santonian-Campanian.Sifangtai and Minshui Formations to Maastrichtian.
4.Analysis of lithology,lithofacies and microfossils of Cretaceous in Songliao Basin, shows that shore and shallow lake facies yield the most abundant microfossil groups,and the predelta and deltaic distributary plain facies rich in fossils as well.In the shore and shallow lake areas during the high level periods(such as Qingshankou and Nenjiang sedimentary periods),the lacustrine biota are of high diversity and high abundance.The fossil ornamentations tend to be complicated and multiplicated.During the lower level period(such as Yaojia sedimentary periods),fossil assemblages are of lower diversity and lower abundance. The fossil ornamentations show relatively simple structures.
引文
[1]顾知微.热河动物化石群地质时代的研究.见:王鸿桢(主编),中国地质学科发展的回顾--孙云铸教授百年诞辰纪念文集.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1995
[2]沙金庚.黑龙江东部早白垩世生物地层学研究的主要进展.地学前缘,2002,9(3):95-101
[3]尚玉珂.黑龙江省鸡西城子河组被子植物化石层的孢粉研究.微体古生物学报,1997,14(2):161-174
[4]陈丕基等.松花江生物群与东北白垩系地层序列.古生物学报,1998,37(3):380-385
[5]陈丕基.中国陆相侏罗、白垩系划分对比评述.地层学杂志,2000,24(2):114-119
[6]黎文本.从孢粉组合论证松辽盆地泉头组的地质时代及上、下白垩统界线.古生物学报,2001,40(2):153-176
[7]季强.陈文,王五力等.中国辽西中生代热河生物群.北京:地质出版社,2003
[8]黎文本,李建国.吉林榆树-302孔阿尔布期孢粉组合.古生物学报,2005,44(2):209-228
[9]邵济安,张履桥,牟保磊.大兴安岭中生代伸展造山过程中的岩浆作用.地学前缘,1999,6(4):339-346
[10]Tarduno J A,Sager W W.Polar standstill of the mid-Cretaceous Pacific Plate and its geodynamic implications.Science,1995,269:956-959
[11]邵济安,刘福田,陈辉等.大兴安岭-燕山晚中生代岩浆活动与俯冲作用关系.地质学报,2001,75(1):56-63
[12]张旗,钱青,王二七等.燕山中晚期的中国东部高原:埃达克岩的启示.地质科学,2001,36(2):248-255
[13]赵海玲,狄永军,李凯明等.大火成岩省及地幔动力学.岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3):307-312
[14]邓晋福,莫宣学等.白垩纪大火成岩省与地幔对流.地学前缘,2005,12(2):217-221
[15]刘招君,王东坡,刘立等.松辽盆地白垩纪沉积特征.地质学报,1992,66(4):327-337
[16]万晓樵,李罡,陈丕基等.松辽盆地白垩纪青山口阶的同位素地层标志及其与海相Cenomanian 阶的对比.地质学报,2005,79(2):150-156
[17]高瑞祺,蔡希源.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社,1997
[18]吴福元,孙德有,李惠民等.松辽盆地基底岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄.科学通报,2000,45(6):656-660
[19]高瑞琪,张莹,崔同翠.松辽盆地白垩纪石油地层.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[20]聂恰耶娃,刘宗云,苏德英等.松辽平原下白垩纪介形虫化石.北京:地质出版社,1959
[21]郝诒纯,苏德英,李友桂等.松辽平原白垩-第三纪介形虫化石.北京:地质出版社,1974
[22]张文堂等.中国的叶肢介化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[23]叶得泉.松辽盆地白垩纪的分统问题.石油勘探与开发,1980,(4):15-22
[24]叶得泉,张莹等.松辽盆地白垩纪介形类化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[25]叶得泉,张莹.大庆油田介形类化石在油层对比中的应用.古生物学报,1981,20(1):81-87
[26]叶得泉,钟筱春等.中国北方含油气区白垩系.北京:石油工业出版社,1990
[27]叶得泉,黄清华,张莹等.松辽盆地白垩纪介形类生物地层学.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[28]高瑞祺.被子植物花粉的演化.古生物学报,1982,21(2):217-224
[29]高瑞祺.松辽盆地白垩纪孢粉化石的石油地质意义.大庆石油地质与开发,1988,7(1):7-18
[30]高瑞祺,赵传本等.松辽盆地晚白垩世孢粉化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[31]李友桂,苏德英.中国东部侏罗-白垩纪介形虫动物群及其对比.见:中国地质科学院地质研究所地层组著,中国东部侏罗纪-白垩纪古生物及地层.北京:地质出版社,1989,82-105
[32]高瑞琪,何承全,乔秀云.松辽盆地白垩纪非海相沟鞭藻、绿藻及疑源类.南京:南京大学出版社,1992
[33]高瑞琪,赵传本,乔秀云等.松辽盆地白垩纪石油地层孢粉学.北京:地质出版社,1999
[34]余静贤,郭正英,茅绍智.松花江南部白垩纪孢粉组合.中国地质科学院地层古生物论文集,1983,10:1-87
[35]王振,卢辉楠,赵传本.松辽盆地及其邻区白垩纪轮藻类.哈尔滨:黑龙江省科学技术出版社,1985
[36]崔同翠.松辽盆地白垩纪叶肢介化石.北京:石油工业出版社,1987
[37]崔同翠.东方叶肢介在松辽盆地的发现及意义.大庆石油地质与开发,1988,7(1):27-30
[38]崔同翠.松辽盆地叶肢介化石的地质地理分布特征.大庆石油地质与开发,1989,8(4):15-22
[39]Li Wen-ben,Liu Zhao-sheng.The Cretaceous palynofloras and their bearing on stratigraphic correlation in China.Cretaceous Research,1994,15:333-365
[40]孔惠,陈春瑞,党毅敏等.松辽盆地白垩纪三大生物群评述.古生物学报,2006,45(3):416-424
[41]黑龙江省地质矿产局.黑龙江省岩石地层-全国地层多重划分对比研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997
[42]王璞珺,周燕,王东坡.白垩纪非海相沉积层序同位素年龄的直接测定研究及盆地分析中的同位素年代学方法.世界地质,1994,13(3):124-130
[43]杨峰平,陈发景,王玉华等.松辽盆地中央坳陷磷灰石裂变径迹分析.石油勘探与开发,1995,22(6):20-25
[44]刘耀光.松辽盆地地热场特征与油气勘探关系.石油勘探与开发,1982,(3):26-31
[45]高瑞祺,程学儒.松辽陆相沉积盆地的成因机制及其与烃类形成的关系.见:杨万里(主编),松辽陆相盆地石油地质.北京:石油工业出版社,1985
[46]李星学.中国上白垩纪沉积中首次发现的一种被子植物.古生物学报,1959,7(1):33-40
[47]郭双兴.松辽盆地晚白垩世植物.古生物学报,1984,23(1):85-90
[48]王成善.全球大洋缺氧事件与黑色页岩沉积.岩相古地理通讯,1987,(5):18-23
[49]王东坡,刘招君,刘立.松辽盆地的演化与海平面升降.北京:地质出版社,1992
[50]黄清华,陈春瑞,王平在等.松辽盆地晚白垩世生物演化与古湖泊缺氧事件.微体古生物学报,1998.15(4):417-425
[51]Schlanger S O,Jenkyns H C.Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events:cause and consequence.Geolologie en Mijnbouw,1976,55:179-184
[52]Jenkyns H C.Cretaceous anoxic events:from continents to oceans.J.Goel.Sot.,London,1980,137:171-188
[53]Arthur M A,Sageman B B.Marine black shales:depositional mechanisms and environments of ancient deposits.Annu.Rev.Earth planet.Sci.,1994,22:499-551
[54]Leckie R M,Bralower T J,Cashman R.Oceanic anoxic events and plankton evolution:Biotic response to tectonic forcing during the mid-Cretaceous.Paleoceanography,2002,17(3):610-623
[55]Erba E.Calcareous narmofossils and Mesozoic oceanic events.Marine Micropaleontology,2004,52,85-106
[56]Sehlanger S O,Arthur M A,Jenkyns H C,et al..The Cenomanian-Turonian oceanic anoxic events,Ⅰ.Stratigraphy and distribution of organic carbon-rich beds and the marine δ~(13)C excursion.In:Brooks J,Fleet A J,eds.Marine petroleum source rocks.Geological Society Special Publications,1987,26:371-399
[57]Arthur M A,Dean W,Pratt L M.Geochemical and climatic effects of increased marine organic carbon burial at the Cenomaaian/Turonian boundary.Nature,1988,335:714-717
[58]Lini A,Weissert H,and Erba E.The Valanginian carbon isotope event:a first episode of greenhouse climate conditions during the Cretaceous.Terra Nova,1992,4:374-384
[59]Hasegawa T.Cenomanian-Turonian carbon isotope events recorded in terrestrial organic matter from northern Japan.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoeeology,1997,130:251-273
[60]Weissert H,Lini A,Follmi K B,et al..Correlation of Early Cretaceous carbon isotope stratigraphy and platform drowning events:A possible link? Palaeogeography,Palaeoelimatology,Palaeoeeology,1998,137:159-203
[61]Jones C E,Jenkyns H C.Seawater strontium isotopes,oceanic anoxie events,and seafloor hydrothermal activity in the Jurassic and Cretaceous,American Journal Science,2001,301:112-149
[62]Bice K L,Norris R D.Possible atmospheric CO2 extremes of the warm mid-Cretaceous(late Albian-Turonian).Paleoceanography,2003,17(4):10-70
[63]Hasegawa T.A global carbon isotope event in the middle Turonian(Cretaceous) sequences in Japan and Russian Far East.Proceedings of the Japan Academy,2003a,79(6):141-144
[64]王成善,胡修棉,万晓樵等.西藏南部Cenomanian-Turonian缺氧事件.自然杂志,1999,21(4):244-246。
[65]胡修棉,王成善,李祥辉等.西藏南部Cenomanian-Turonian缺氧事件:有机地球化学研究.地球化学,2000,29(5):417-425
[66]胡修棉,王成善,李祥辉.藏南海相白垩纪碳酸盐碳稳定同位素演化与古海洋溶解氧事件.自然科学进展,2001,11:721-728
[67]Wang C S,Hu X M,Jansa L,et al..The Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event in southern Tibet.Cretaceous Research,2001,22:481-490
[68]Wan Xiaoqiao,Wei Mingrui,and Li Guobiao.δ~(13)C values from the Cenomanian-Turonian passage beds of southern Tibet.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003a,21(8):861-866
[69]Wan Xiaoqiao,Wignall P B,and Zhao Wenjin.The Cenomanian-Turonian extinction and oceanic anoxic event:evidence from South Tibet.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2003b,199(3-4):283-298
[70]Wan Xiaoqiao,Si Jialiang.Variation of foraminiferal composition in oceanic anoxic to oxic circumstances,southern Tibet,China.Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,15(1):46-54
[71]Tsikos H,Jenkyns H C,Walsworth-Bell B,et al..Carbon-isotope stratigraphy recorded by the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event:correlation and implications based on three key locations.J Geol.Sot.,London,2004,161:711-719
[72]Baudin F,Fiet N,Coccioni R,Galeotti S.Organic matter characterization of the Selli Level (Umbria-Marche Basin,central Italy).Cretaceous Research,1998,19:701-714
[73]杨万里,李永康,高瑞祺等.松辽盆地陆相生油母质的类型与演化模式.见:杨万里(主编),松辽陆相盆地石油地质.北京:石油工业出版社,1985,219-227
[74]侯读杰,冯子辉,黄清华.松辽盆地白垩纪缺氧地质事件的地质地球化学特征.现代地质,2003,17(3):311-317
[75]Peters K E and Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:interpreting molecular fossils in petroleum and ancient sediments.Englewood cliffs,N J:Prentice Hall,1993
[76]张弥曼,周家健.松辽盆地似狼鳍鱼属的发现及舌骨鱼目的起源.古脊椎动物与古人类,1976,14(3):146-153
[77]张弥曼,周家健,刘智成.东北白垩纪含鱼化石地层的时代和沉积环境.古脊椎动物与古人类,1977,15(3):194-197
[78]周家健.东北晚白垩世鱼化石二新属-东北鱼化石之二.古脊椎动物与古人类,1976,14(4):234-241
[79]顾知微,于菁珊.松辽地区白垩纪双壳类化石.北京:科学出版社,1999
[80]邓胜徽,陈芬.东北地区早白垩世植物群组合序列及时代.石油勘探与开发,1998,25(1):35-38
[81]曹瑞骥.松辽盆地白垩纪青山口组叠层石的环境意义.古生物学报,1987,26(5):536-543
[82]张志诚.东北北部白垩纪被子植物的基本发展阶段.古生物学报,1985,24(4):453-460
[83]赵传本.大庆油田巴尔姆孢的发现及其意义.古生物学报,1976,15(2):132-146
[84]全国地层委员会.中国区域年代地层(地质年代)表说明书.北京:地质出版社,2002
[85]黑龙江省区域地层表编写组.东北地区区域地层表-黑龙江省分册.北京:地质出版社,1979
[86]Brenner G J.Early angiospermous pollen differentiation in the Albian to Cenomanian deposits of Delaware.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,1967,1:219-227
[87]Chlonova A F,Strepetilova V G et al..Changes in composition of palynological assemblages from Cretaceous deposits of the eastern part of the West Sibirian Plain.Cretaceous Research,1994,15:435-444
[88]Dettmann M E.Angiospermous pollen from Albian to turonian sediments of eastern Australia.Special Publication,Geological Society of Australia,1973,4:3-34
[89]Laing J F.Mid-Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from southern England and northern France.Palaeontology,1975,18(4):775-808
[90]张一勇,詹家祯.塔里木盆地西部晚白垩世-早第三纪孢粉.北京:科学出版社,1991
[91]Zaklinskaja E D.Angiospermous pollen and their significance on Upper Cretaceous and Palaeogene stratigraphy.Tr,Geol.Inst.,AN SSSR,1963,74:256
[92]Markevitch V S.Palynological zonation of the continental Cretaceous and lower Tertiary of eastern Russia.Cretaceous Reasearch,1994,15:165-177
[93]余静贤.新疆莎车地区晚白垩世孢粉组合.地质学报,1981,55(2):93-104
[94]王大宁,赵英娘.湖北江汉盆地晚白垩世孢粉新属新种.植物学报,1979,21(4):286-293
[95]Srivastava S K.Cretaceous spore-pollen floras:A global evolution.Biology men.,1978,3(1):2-130
[96]侯祐堂,勾韵娴,陈德琼.中国介形类化石.北京:科学出版社,2002
[97]Helsley C E,Steiner M B.Evidence for long intervals of normal polarity during the Cretaceous period[J].Earth Planet Science Lett,1969,5:325-332
[98]Larson R L.Latest pulse of the Earth:Evidence for a mid-Cretaceous superplume.Geology,1991,19:547-550
[99]朱日祥,刘青松,潘永信.地磁极性倒转与全球性地质事件的相关性.科学通报,1999,44(15):1582-1589
[100]Zhu R X,Pan Y X,Shaw J.,Li D M,Li Q.Geomagnetic palaeointensity just prior to the Cretaceous normal superchron.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2001,128(1-4),207-222
[101]史瑞萍,朱日祥.白垩纪地球物理场异常与地球深部动力学.地球物理学报,2002,17(2):295-300
[102]方大钧,王兆樑,金国海等.中国松辽盆地白垩系磁性地层.中国科学(B辑),1989,第10期:1084-1091
[2]沙金庚.黑龙江东部早白垩世生物地层学研究的主要进展.地学前缘,2002,9(3):95-101
[3]尚玉珂.黑龙江省鸡西城子河组被子植物化石层的孢粉研究.微体古生物学报,1997,14(2):161-174
[4]陈丕基等.松花江生物群与东北白垩系地层序列.古生物学报,1998,37(3):380-385
[5]陈丕基.中国陆相侏罗、白垩系划分对比评述.地层学杂志,2000,24(2):114-119
[6]黎文本.从孢粉组合论证松辽盆地泉头组的地质时代及上、下白垩统界线.古生物学报,2001,40(2):153-176
[7]季强.陈文,王五力等.中国辽西中生代热河生物群.北京:地质出版社,2003
[8]黎文本,李建国.吉林榆树-302孔阿尔布期孢粉组合.古生物学报,2005,44(2):209-228
[9]邵济安,张履桥,牟保磊.大兴安岭中生代伸展造山过程中的岩浆作用.地学前缘,1999,6(4):339-346
[10]Tarduno J A,Sager W W.Polar standstill of the mid-Cretaceous Pacific Plate and its geodynamic implications.Science,1995,269:956-959
[11]邵济安,刘福田,陈辉等.大兴安岭-燕山晚中生代岩浆活动与俯冲作用关系.地质学报,2001,75(1):56-63
[12]张旗,钱青,王二七等.燕山中晚期的中国东部高原:埃达克岩的启示.地质科学,2001,36(2):248-255
[13]赵海玲,狄永军,李凯明等.大火成岩省及地幔动力学.岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3):307-312
[14]邓晋福,莫宣学等.白垩纪大火成岩省与地幔对流.地学前缘,2005,12(2):217-221
[15]刘招君,王东坡,刘立等.松辽盆地白垩纪沉积特征.地质学报,1992,66(4):327-337
[16]万晓樵,李罡,陈丕基等.松辽盆地白垩纪青山口阶的同位素地层标志及其与海相Cenomanian 阶的对比.地质学报,2005,79(2):150-156
[17]高瑞祺,蔡希源.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社,1997
[18]吴福元,孙德有,李惠民等.松辽盆地基底岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄.科学通报,2000,45(6):656-660
[19]高瑞琪,张莹,崔同翠.松辽盆地白垩纪石油地层.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[20]聂恰耶娃,刘宗云,苏德英等.松辽平原下白垩纪介形虫化石.北京:地质出版社,1959
[21]郝诒纯,苏德英,李友桂等.松辽平原白垩-第三纪介形虫化石.北京:地质出版社,1974
[22]张文堂等.中国的叶肢介化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[23]叶得泉.松辽盆地白垩纪的分统问题.石油勘探与开发,1980,(4):15-22
[24]叶得泉,张莹等.松辽盆地白垩纪介形类化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[25]叶得泉,张莹.大庆油田介形类化石在油层对比中的应用.古生物学报,1981,20(1):81-87
[26]叶得泉,钟筱春等.中国北方含油气区白垩系.北京:石油工业出版社,1990
[27]叶得泉,黄清华,张莹等.松辽盆地白垩纪介形类生物地层学.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[28]高瑞祺.被子植物花粉的演化.古生物学报,1982,21(2):217-224
[29]高瑞祺.松辽盆地白垩纪孢粉化石的石油地质意义.大庆石油地质与开发,1988,7(1):7-18
[30]高瑞祺,赵传本等.松辽盆地晚白垩世孢粉化石.北京:科学出版社,1976
[31]李友桂,苏德英.中国东部侏罗-白垩纪介形虫动物群及其对比.见:中国地质科学院地质研究所地层组著,中国东部侏罗纪-白垩纪古生物及地层.北京:地质出版社,1989,82-105
[32]高瑞琪,何承全,乔秀云.松辽盆地白垩纪非海相沟鞭藻、绿藻及疑源类.南京:南京大学出版社,1992
[33]高瑞琪,赵传本,乔秀云等.松辽盆地白垩纪石油地层孢粉学.北京:地质出版社,1999
[34]余静贤,郭正英,茅绍智.松花江南部白垩纪孢粉组合.中国地质科学院地层古生物论文集,1983,10:1-87
[35]王振,卢辉楠,赵传本.松辽盆地及其邻区白垩纪轮藻类.哈尔滨:黑龙江省科学技术出版社,1985
[36]崔同翠.松辽盆地白垩纪叶肢介化石.北京:石油工业出版社,1987
[37]崔同翠.东方叶肢介在松辽盆地的发现及意义.大庆石油地质与开发,1988,7(1):27-30
[38]崔同翠.松辽盆地叶肢介化石的地质地理分布特征.大庆石油地质与开发,1989,8(4):15-22
[39]Li Wen-ben,Liu Zhao-sheng.The Cretaceous palynofloras and their bearing on stratigraphic correlation in China.Cretaceous Research,1994,15:333-365
[40]孔惠,陈春瑞,党毅敏等.松辽盆地白垩纪三大生物群评述.古生物学报,2006,45(3):416-424
[41]黑龙江省地质矿产局.黑龙江省岩石地层-全国地层多重划分对比研究.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997
[42]王璞珺,周燕,王东坡.白垩纪非海相沉积层序同位素年龄的直接测定研究及盆地分析中的同位素年代学方法.世界地质,1994,13(3):124-130
[43]杨峰平,陈发景,王玉华等.松辽盆地中央坳陷磷灰石裂变径迹分析.石油勘探与开发,1995,22(6):20-25
[44]刘耀光.松辽盆地地热场特征与油气勘探关系.石油勘探与开发,1982,(3):26-31
[45]高瑞祺,程学儒.松辽陆相沉积盆地的成因机制及其与烃类形成的关系.见:杨万里(主编),松辽陆相盆地石油地质.北京:石油工业出版社,1985
[46]李星学.中国上白垩纪沉积中首次发现的一种被子植物.古生物学报,1959,7(1):33-40
[47]郭双兴.松辽盆地晚白垩世植物.古生物学报,1984,23(1):85-90
[48]王成善.全球大洋缺氧事件与黑色页岩沉积.岩相古地理通讯,1987,(5):18-23
[49]王东坡,刘招君,刘立.松辽盆地的演化与海平面升降.北京:地质出版社,1992
[50]黄清华,陈春瑞,王平在等.松辽盆地晚白垩世生物演化与古湖泊缺氧事件.微体古生物学报,1998.15(4):417-425
[51]Schlanger S O,Jenkyns H C.Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events:cause and consequence.Geolologie en Mijnbouw,1976,55:179-184
[52]Jenkyns H C.Cretaceous anoxic events:from continents to oceans.J.Goel.Sot.,London,1980,137:171-188
[53]Arthur M A,Sageman B B.Marine black shales:depositional mechanisms and environments of ancient deposits.Annu.Rev.Earth planet.Sci.,1994,22:499-551
[54]Leckie R M,Bralower T J,Cashman R.Oceanic anoxic events and plankton evolution:Biotic response to tectonic forcing during the mid-Cretaceous.Paleoceanography,2002,17(3):610-623
[55]Erba E.Calcareous narmofossils and Mesozoic oceanic events.Marine Micropaleontology,2004,52,85-106
[56]Sehlanger S O,Arthur M A,Jenkyns H C,et al..The Cenomanian-Turonian oceanic anoxic events,Ⅰ.Stratigraphy and distribution of organic carbon-rich beds and the marine δ~(13)C excursion.In:Brooks J,Fleet A J,eds.Marine petroleum source rocks.Geological Society Special Publications,1987,26:371-399
[57]Arthur M A,Dean W,Pratt L M.Geochemical and climatic effects of increased marine organic carbon burial at the Cenomaaian/Turonian boundary.Nature,1988,335:714-717
[58]Lini A,Weissert H,and Erba E.The Valanginian carbon isotope event:a first episode of greenhouse climate conditions during the Cretaceous.Terra Nova,1992,4:374-384
[59]Hasegawa T.Cenomanian-Turonian carbon isotope events recorded in terrestrial organic matter from northern Japan.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoeeology,1997,130:251-273
[60]Weissert H,Lini A,Follmi K B,et al..Correlation of Early Cretaceous carbon isotope stratigraphy and platform drowning events:A possible link? Palaeogeography,Palaeoelimatology,Palaeoeeology,1998,137:159-203
[61]Jones C E,Jenkyns H C.Seawater strontium isotopes,oceanic anoxie events,and seafloor hydrothermal activity in the Jurassic and Cretaceous,American Journal Science,2001,301:112-149
[62]Bice K L,Norris R D.Possible atmospheric CO2 extremes of the warm mid-Cretaceous(late Albian-Turonian).Paleoceanography,2003,17(4):10-70
[63]Hasegawa T.A global carbon isotope event in the middle Turonian(Cretaceous) sequences in Japan and Russian Far East.Proceedings of the Japan Academy,2003a,79(6):141-144
[64]王成善,胡修棉,万晓樵等.西藏南部Cenomanian-Turonian缺氧事件.自然杂志,1999,21(4):244-246。
[65]胡修棉,王成善,李祥辉等.西藏南部Cenomanian-Turonian缺氧事件:有机地球化学研究.地球化学,2000,29(5):417-425
[66]胡修棉,王成善,李祥辉.藏南海相白垩纪碳酸盐碳稳定同位素演化与古海洋溶解氧事件.自然科学进展,2001,11:721-728
[67]Wang C S,Hu X M,Jansa L,et al..The Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event in southern Tibet.Cretaceous Research,2001,22:481-490
[68]Wan Xiaoqiao,Wei Mingrui,and Li Guobiao.δ~(13)C values from the Cenomanian-Turonian passage beds of southern Tibet.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2003a,21(8):861-866
[69]Wan Xiaoqiao,Wignall P B,and Zhao Wenjin.The Cenomanian-Turonian extinction and oceanic anoxic event:evidence from South Tibet.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2003b,199(3-4):283-298
[70]Wan Xiaoqiao,Si Jialiang.Variation of foraminiferal composition in oceanic anoxic to oxic circumstances,southern Tibet,China.Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,15(1):46-54
[71]Tsikos H,Jenkyns H C,Walsworth-Bell B,et al..Carbon-isotope stratigraphy recorded by the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event:correlation and implications based on three key locations.J Geol.Sot.,London,2004,161:711-719
[72]Baudin F,Fiet N,Coccioni R,Galeotti S.Organic matter characterization of the Selli Level (Umbria-Marche Basin,central Italy).Cretaceous Research,1998,19:701-714
[73]杨万里,李永康,高瑞祺等.松辽盆地陆相生油母质的类型与演化模式.见:杨万里(主编),松辽陆相盆地石油地质.北京:石油工业出版社,1985,219-227
[74]侯读杰,冯子辉,黄清华.松辽盆地白垩纪缺氧地质事件的地质地球化学特征.现代地质,2003,17(3):311-317
[75]Peters K E and Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:interpreting molecular fossils in petroleum and ancient sediments.Englewood cliffs,N J:Prentice Hall,1993
[76]张弥曼,周家健.松辽盆地似狼鳍鱼属的发现及舌骨鱼目的起源.古脊椎动物与古人类,1976,14(3):146-153
[77]张弥曼,周家健,刘智成.东北白垩纪含鱼化石地层的时代和沉积环境.古脊椎动物与古人类,1977,15(3):194-197
[78]周家健.东北晚白垩世鱼化石二新属-东北鱼化石之二.古脊椎动物与古人类,1976,14(4):234-241
[79]顾知微,于菁珊.松辽地区白垩纪双壳类化石.北京:科学出版社,1999
[80]邓胜徽,陈芬.东北地区早白垩世植物群组合序列及时代.石油勘探与开发,1998,25(1):35-38
[81]曹瑞骥.松辽盆地白垩纪青山口组叠层石的环境意义.古生物学报,1987,26(5):536-543
[82]张志诚.东北北部白垩纪被子植物的基本发展阶段.古生物学报,1985,24(4):453-460
[83]赵传本.大庆油田巴尔姆孢的发现及其意义.古生物学报,1976,15(2):132-146
[84]全国地层委员会.中国区域年代地层(地质年代)表说明书.北京:地质出版社,2002
[85]黑龙江省区域地层表编写组.东北地区区域地层表-黑龙江省分册.北京:地质出版社,1979
[86]Brenner G J.Early angiospermous pollen differentiation in the Albian to Cenomanian deposits of Delaware.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,1967,1:219-227
[87]Chlonova A F,Strepetilova V G et al..Changes in composition of palynological assemblages from Cretaceous deposits of the eastern part of the West Sibirian Plain.Cretaceous Research,1994,15:435-444
[88]Dettmann M E.Angiospermous pollen from Albian to turonian sediments of eastern Australia.Special Publication,Geological Society of Australia,1973,4:3-34
[89]Laing J F.Mid-Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from southern England and northern France.Palaeontology,1975,18(4):775-808
[90]张一勇,詹家祯.塔里木盆地西部晚白垩世-早第三纪孢粉.北京:科学出版社,1991
[91]Zaklinskaja E D.Angiospermous pollen and their significance on Upper Cretaceous and Palaeogene stratigraphy.Tr,Geol.Inst.,AN SSSR,1963,74:256
[92]Markevitch V S.Palynological zonation of the continental Cretaceous and lower Tertiary of eastern Russia.Cretaceous Reasearch,1994,15:165-177
[93]余静贤.新疆莎车地区晚白垩世孢粉组合.地质学报,1981,55(2):93-104
[94]王大宁,赵英娘.湖北江汉盆地晚白垩世孢粉新属新种.植物学报,1979,21(4):286-293
[95]Srivastava S K.Cretaceous spore-pollen floras:A global evolution.Biology men.,1978,3(1):2-130
[96]侯祐堂,勾韵娴,陈德琼.中国介形类化石.北京:科学出版社,2002
[97]Helsley C E,Steiner M B.Evidence for long intervals of normal polarity during the Cretaceous period[J].Earth Planet Science Lett,1969,5:325-332
[98]Larson R L.Latest pulse of the Earth:Evidence for a mid-Cretaceous superplume.Geology,1991,19:547-550
[99]朱日祥,刘青松,潘永信.地磁极性倒转与全球性地质事件的相关性.科学通报,1999,44(15):1582-1589
[100]Zhu R X,Pan Y X,Shaw J.,Li D M,Li Q.Geomagnetic palaeointensity just prior to the Cretaceous normal superchron.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2001,128(1-4),207-222
[101]史瑞萍,朱日祥.白垩纪地球物理场异常与地球深部动力学.地球物理学报,2002,17(2):295-300
[102]方大钧,王兆樑,金国海等.中国松辽盆地白垩系磁性地层.中国科学(B辑),1989,第10期:1084-1091
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |