基于知识的产品建模技术及在热流道设计中的应用研究
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摘要
本文在国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA04Z114)、国家自然科学基金(50775201)和浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y107428)的资助下,从理论到应用对基于知识的机械产品建模设计进行了深入研究,在全面综述国内外现有机械系统设计研究方法和注塑模热流道系统应用研究的基础上,综合运用知识表示、知识推理、知识驱动和知识融合等技术,针对产品设计信息建模、产品概念设计、热流道结构设计、温度场模拟与结构优化,提出了若干新思想、原理和新方法,对于解决目前基于知识的机械系统设计和多腔注塑模热流道系统设计问题,具有理论和学术价值。
主要研究内容如下:
第一章介绍了国内外基于知识的产品设计研究和热流道系统的应用情况,从对基于知识的信息建模表达和推理,和不同的知识表达的特点分析,到基于知识的概念设计、集成设计,系统介绍了各种基于知识的产品设计研究方法:同时,分析了国内外注塑模热流道系统各种设计方法,以及注塑模具与热流道相关CAD/CAM/CAE技术;从而,导出本文的主要内容和研究思路。
第二章研究了产品设计信息的知识建模方法,提出了知识单元作为描述某一对象或事物的知识子集,反映在一定阶段内系统的相关领域知识的内容和结构特征、问题描述和推理规则、方法等;分析了知识单元的功能和性质,提出产品设计知识单元的层次内涵。对产品设计过程中的功能设计、概念设计和结构设计,分别建立信息模型,并提出各层次信息模型之间的知识关联表达。
第三章通过对设计规则的表达,提出基于知识推理与设计任务规划思路。针对热流道系统的特点,设计热流道概念设计流程;通过热流道系统的功能分解和概念设计方案分解,进而建立概念设计空间模型,确定热流道系统概念设计方案。
第四章从逻辑与图形相结合的角度,引入流道知识单元的概念。根据对多种流道产品实例布局的单元化分解和归一化处理,得到包含最基本流道布局信息的单元化结构,并将其作为布局设计的基本单位:提出流道单元概念及其拓扑与矢量描述方法,建立了基于流道单元的流道布局网络模型和矢量模型,并研究了模型的变动与重构技术。
分析了多腔热流道结构主要由浇口模型、流道板模型和喷嘴模型等三大功能模型组成,根据知识单元中一定推理方法定义,利用知识库的规则对数据信息进行匹配和操作并获得结果;根据知识单元驱动机制,利用结构单元的派生组合,在设计知识引导下,实现产品结构设计。
第五章使用知识融合技术,实现有限元前置分析参数的自动读入以及温度场分析结果的继承性,结合温度场模拟分析结果,通过SDBDF型混杂法对热流道结构进行优化,实现了注塑模热流道系统的集成设计。
第六章根据设计理论和方法,通过各功能模块的分解,分析产品实例,建立了基于知识的多腔热流道设计系统,并在实际中得到应用。
第七章是总结与展望。
The paper which supported by 863 High-tech Research and Development Program of China (Project No. 2006AA04Z114), National Nature Science Fund (50775201) and Zhejiang Nature Science Fund (Y107428) researched knowledge-based modeling design of mechanical products from theory to application. Having overviewed domestic and overseas modern knowledge-based design of mechanical and hot-runner systems, several new thoughts, principles and methods has been posed for design information representation of products, concepts design of products, structure design of hot runners, simulation of temperature field and optimization of structure, by means of knowledge representation, knowledge reasoning, knowledge driven and knowledge fusion. The research is both theoretically and academically valuable for solving problems about knowledge-based design of mechanical system and design of multi-cavity plastic injection mould hot runner system. Main research contents:
Chapter1 introduced domestic and overseas knowledge-based design methods of products were comprehensively presented by different understanding of knowledge meaning, character analysis of various knowledge representations; Moreover, analyzed domestic and overseas application of hot runner systems, structure design methods of plastic injection mould hot runner and relevant CAD/CAM/CAE technologies, and application of knowledge to lead out the main contents and research method of the paper.
Chapter2 researched knowledge modeling methods of products design information, and posed a concept that as the knowledge subset describing a certain object, knowledge unit reflects characters of contents and structure, problem presentation, reasoning principles and methods of relevant knowledge within certain degree. Besides, it analyzed the functions and properties of knowledge unit, and posed meanings of products design knowledge unit in different levels. Having classified products design into function design, concept design and structure design, information models were established for each of them. Knowledge representation correlation between levels of information models were posed as well.
Chapter3 presented thoughts based on knowledge reasoning and design task planning through the representation of design rules. Hot runner concept design procedure has been designed focusing on the characteristics of hot runner systems. That was decomposing the concept design scheme by decomposition of functions of hot runner systems, and then establishing a space model of concept design for hot runner systems.
Chapter4 introduced a concept of knowledge unit of runners from the angle of the combination of logic and graphics. Based on unitized decomposition and normalization for various layouts of real runner products, the unitized structure that contains primary information of runner layout has been obtained, which is used as the basic unit for layout design. The concept of runner unit and its topological and vector representation were posed. The network model and vector model of runner layout that based on runner unit were established, and the variation and reconfiguration technologies of the model were researched.
The multi-cavity hot runner structure design consists of three functional models, namely, gate model design, runner plate model design and nozzle model design. The process of defining by knowledge unit reasoning, matching and operating data information by the rules of knowledge base and conclusion acquiring were analyzed. The variable structure design of products was realized by the driving mechanism of knowledge unit, the derivation and combination of structure unit, and the guidance of design knowledge. The design of the three modules of hot runner was discussed in details.
Chapter5 realized automatic reading of pre-analytical parameters of finite element knowledge fusion, and inheritance of temperature field analysis results. With the results, by means of hybrid method of SDBDF, and performing optimized design for hot runner structure, the integrated design of plastic hot runner system has been realized.
Chapter6 analyzed real products by design principles and methods, and decomposition of each functional module. The knowledge-based multi-cavity hot runner system design was realized, and has been applied in real manufacturing. Chapter7 made conclusions and prospects.
主要研究内容如下:
第一章介绍了国内外基于知识的产品设计研究和热流道系统的应用情况,从对基于知识的信息建模表达和推理,和不同的知识表达的特点分析,到基于知识的概念设计、集成设计,系统介绍了各种基于知识的产品设计研究方法:同时,分析了国内外注塑模热流道系统各种设计方法,以及注塑模具与热流道相关CAD/CAM/CAE技术;从而,导出本文的主要内容和研究思路。
第二章研究了产品设计信息的知识建模方法,提出了知识单元作为描述某一对象或事物的知识子集,反映在一定阶段内系统的相关领域知识的内容和结构特征、问题描述和推理规则、方法等;分析了知识单元的功能和性质,提出产品设计知识单元的层次内涵。对产品设计过程中的功能设计、概念设计和结构设计,分别建立信息模型,并提出各层次信息模型之间的知识关联表达。
第三章通过对设计规则的表达,提出基于知识推理与设计任务规划思路。针对热流道系统的特点,设计热流道概念设计流程;通过热流道系统的功能分解和概念设计方案分解,进而建立概念设计空间模型,确定热流道系统概念设计方案。
第四章从逻辑与图形相结合的角度,引入流道知识单元的概念。根据对多种流道产品实例布局的单元化分解和归一化处理,得到包含最基本流道布局信息的单元化结构,并将其作为布局设计的基本单位:提出流道单元概念及其拓扑与矢量描述方法,建立了基于流道单元的流道布局网络模型和矢量模型,并研究了模型的变动与重构技术。
分析了多腔热流道结构主要由浇口模型、流道板模型和喷嘴模型等三大功能模型组成,根据知识单元中一定推理方法定义,利用知识库的规则对数据信息进行匹配和操作并获得结果;根据知识单元驱动机制,利用结构单元的派生组合,在设计知识引导下,实现产品结构设计。
第五章使用知识融合技术,实现有限元前置分析参数的自动读入以及温度场分析结果的继承性,结合温度场模拟分析结果,通过SDBDF型混杂法对热流道结构进行优化,实现了注塑模热流道系统的集成设计。
第六章根据设计理论和方法,通过各功能模块的分解,分析产品实例,建立了基于知识的多腔热流道设计系统,并在实际中得到应用。
第七章是总结与展望。
The paper which supported by 863 High-tech Research and Development Program of China (Project No. 2006AA04Z114), National Nature Science Fund (50775201) and Zhejiang Nature Science Fund (Y107428) researched knowledge-based modeling design of mechanical products from theory to application. Having overviewed domestic and overseas modern knowledge-based design of mechanical and hot-runner systems, several new thoughts, principles and methods has been posed for design information representation of products, concepts design of products, structure design of hot runners, simulation of temperature field and optimization of structure, by means of knowledge representation, knowledge reasoning, knowledge driven and knowledge fusion. The research is both theoretically and academically valuable for solving problems about knowledge-based design of mechanical system and design of multi-cavity plastic injection mould hot runner system. Main research contents:
Chapter1 introduced domestic and overseas knowledge-based design methods of products were comprehensively presented by different understanding of knowledge meaning, character analysis of various knowledge representations; Moreover, analyzed domestic and overseas application of hot runner systems, structure design methods of plastic injection mould hot runner and relevant CAD/CAM/CAE technologies, and application of knowledge to lead out the main contents and research method of the paper.
Chapter2 researched knowledge modeling methods of products design information, and posed a concept that as the knowledge subset describing a certain object, knowledge unit reflects characters of contents and structure, problem presentation, reasoning principles and methods of relevant knowledge within certain degree. Besides, it analyzed the functions and properties of knowledge unit, and posed meanings of products design knowledge unit in different levels. Having classified products design into function design, concept design and structure design, information models were established for each of them. Knowledge representation correlation between levels of information models were posed as well.
Chapter3 presented thoughts based on knowledge reasoning and design task planning through the representation of design rules. Hot runner concept design procedure has been designed focusing on the characteristics of hot runner systems. That was decomposing the concept design scheme by decomposition of functions of hot runner systems, and then establishing a space model of concept design for hot runner systems.
Chapter4 introduced a concept of knowledge unit of runners from the angle of the combination of logic and graphics. Based on unitized decomposition and normalization for various layouts of real runner products, the unitized structure that contains primary information of runner layout has been obtained, which is used as the basic unit for layout design. The concept of runner unit and its topological and vector representation were posed. The network model and vector model of runner layout that based on runner unit were established, and the variation and reconfiguration technologies of the model were researched.
The multi-cavity hot runner structure design consists of three functional models, namely, gate model design, runner plate model design and nozzle model design. The process of defining by knowledge unit reasoning, matching and operating data information by the rules of knowledge base and conclusion acquiring were analyzed. The variable structure design of products was realized by the driving mechanism of knowledge unit, the derivation and combination of structure unit, and the guidance of design knowledge. The design of the three modules of hot runner was discussed in details.
Chapter5 realized automatic reading of pre-analytical parameters of finite element knowledge fusion, and inheritance of temperature field analysis results. With the results, by means of hybrid method of SDBDF, and performing optimized design for hot runner structure, the integrated design of plastic hot runner system has been realized.
Chapter6 analyzed real products by design principles and methods, and decomposition of each functional module. The knowledge-based multi-cavity hot runner system design was realized, and has been applied in real manufacturing. Chapter7 made conclusions and prospects.
引文
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