并行多任务自动测试系统分层化建模及其关键技术研究
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摘要
随着自动测试系统逐渐从传统的串行测试发展为并行测试,国内外学术界已开始对并行多任务自动测试系统(本文简称为并行自动测试系统)进行研究,并取得了初步的成果。并行自动测试系统具有很高的灵活性和可扩展性,其结构复杂,体系庞大,搭建与设计过程均比串行自动测试系统复杂。针对大型的并行自动测试系统,传统的系统组建方法单纯地依靠人工经验,组建的系统容易发生死锁、资源冲突和饥饿等问题,逐渐难以满足实际应用需求,因此,并行自动测试系统形式化建模与验证方面的研究具有重要的意义。本论文以现代测试技术、Petri网理论、UML语言、遗传算法和神经网络理论等为基础,在并行自动测试系统的建模与验证、死锁避免、任务调度优化和故障诊断等方面进行了深入的研究。主要工作如下:
1.提出了一种新的系统分层化建模方法,指导工程人员快速优化并行自动测试系统设计方案。
首先分析了仅依靠人工经验组建并行自动测试系统时容易发生的问题,结合对UML和Petri网的对比分析,提出使用UML进行系统功能描述,构建初步的领域模型;进而给出UML模型到Petri网模型的映射方法,得到具备严格形式化语义,可支持系统性能分析和评估的系统Petri网模型,从而将UML和Petri网的优势良好的结合起来。
2.设计了雷达自动测试系统分层化建模实例,研究了系统的性能评估问题。
首先,以雷达自动测试系统为例阐述了分层化建模方法的实施过程,分析了系统UML模型和映射后得到的Petri网模型之间的行为语义一致性,并编程实现了映射工具软件“UML2Petri”,实现了自动映射模式;基于Petri网理论对系统进行了定性的分析,并和人工设计过程进行对比,体现了Petri网的优越性;引入时间因素,将系统Petri网模型扩展为广义有色随机Petri网模型,对测试时间和资源利用率等性能指标进行了定量的评估,并和TestStand软件设计的并行系统进行对比,验证了建模方法的有效性。
3.针对并行自动测试系统死锁问题,提出了一种基于Petri网和遗传算法(GA)的死锁避免策略。
首先分析了并行自动测试系统的死锁发生问题,对比了几种典型的死锁避免方法;然后基于Petri网的形式描述了并行自动测试系统的死锁问题,并结合GA算法,提出了一种新的死锁避免策略,通过一个双通道放大器并行测试实验描述和验证了该策略;最后以雷达接收机并行测试仿真系统为例,和启发式搜索进行对比,体现了该策略的实用性能。
4.研究了并行自动测试系统任务调度优化问题,提出一种基于赋时Petri网和模拟退火遗传算法(SAGA)的任务调度优化算法。
首先分析了并行自动测试系统的任务调度问题,将任务测试时间引入系统Petri网模型,扩展出系统的赋时Petri网;然后结合模拟退火遗传算法设计系统任务调度优化算法,用于获取模型的最优任务调度序列;进而通过一个并行测试实验,和接口开关转换测试方法、交错并行测试方法等进行了对比,体现了该算法的优越性;最后通过雷达接收机并行测试仿真系统,对比了模拟退火遗传算法和遗传算法的搜索效率,体现了该算法的实用价值。
5.研究了自动测试系统中故障诊断的问题,提出了一种基于自适应模糊Petri网的故障诊断方法。
首先分析了自动测试系统的故障诊断问题,针对传统“产生式规则+故障树”的专家系统故障诊断模式的不足,提出用模糊Petri网表达知识,进行并行故障推理与分析的故障诊断方法,进而结合神经网路训练调节权值,形成自适应模糊Petri网;最后应用该方法对相控阵雷达进行了故障诊断。
Along with the development that the serial test has been substituted by the parallel multi-task test in Automatic Test System(ATS), The parallel multi-task ATS's(PATS's) structure design, task scheduling and construction have been studied in academic field, and many first fruits have been achieved. The PATS has the flexibility and extension, and its structure is complex and huge. The process of its construction and design is more complicated than the serial ATS, and it can not be completed depending on the traditional method only based on the people's experiences because it will bring the deadlock, resouces confliction, hunger and so on. So the formal modeling and verification of the PATS are very important to the construction and design of test system. This dissertation bases on the test technologies, Petri net, Unified Modeling Language(UML), genetic algorithm and neural network. The PATS's modeling and verification, deadlock avoidance, task scheduling optimization and fault diagnosis are studied deeply in the dissertation. Author's main work is depicted as follows:
1. A new hierarchical system modeling method is proposed for engineer instruction in getting a good project design of the PATS at short time.
At first, studying on the problems produced by the project design method only based on the people's experiences, combine the comparative analysis between UML and Petri net, use the UML to depict system function, build initial domain model. Then, the mapping method from the UML model to Petri net model is proposed. Get system Petri net model with strict formal semantic for performance analysis and evaluation, the advantage of UML and Petri net is combined consequently.
2. A hierarchical modeling instance of the radar ATS is designed, and then through it the system's performance evaluation is studied.
Firstly, the execution process of the radar ATS hierarchical modeling method is introduced, the consistency of behavior sematics between UML model and Petri net model got by UML models maping to is analysed, the soft "UML2Petri" is developed and the automatic map pattern is realized. Secondly, The system performance is evaluated qualitatively base on Petri net theory, is compared with the system designed only by people's experiencs to prove the advantage of Petri net. Thirdly, after the time factor is introduced, the system's Petri net model is extended to Generalized Colored Stochastic Petri net model, then the system performance is evaluated quantitatively about the system test time and the resource utilization, and is compared with the system designed by TestStand software, the results proved the validity of this hierarchical modeling method.
3. Studying on the deadlock in the PATS, a deadlock avoidance policy based on the Petri net and genetic algorithm (GA).
Firstly, the deadlock problem in the PATS is discussed, and some typical deadlock avoidance methods are compared. Secondly, the deadlock problem in the PATS is elaborated based on Petri net, a new deadlock avoidance policy is proposed by combined with the GA, this policy is validated by a parallel test experiment about dual channels amplifier. Lastly, practicality of this policy is emobied with comparing between GA and heuristic algorithm using a parallel test simulation system about radar reciever.
4. Studying on the PATS's task scheduling, the optimal method based on the Time Petri net and the Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm (SAGA) is proposed.
Firstly, the PATS's task scheduling problem is discussed, introduce the time factor into system Petri model to get system Timed Petri net model. Secondly, in order to acquire the optimal task schedule sequence, the SAGA is combined to design the optimal algorithm of task scheduling. Thirdly, via a parallel test experiment, advantage of this optimal algorithm is embodied by a parallel test experiment. Lastly, the search efficiency is compared between SAGA and GA methods in a radar receiver PATS.
5. Studying on the fault diagnosis problem in the ATS, a fault diagnosis mothed based on the Adaptive Fuzzy Petri net (AFPN) is proposed.
Firstly, the fault diagnosis problem in the ATS is discussed, according to the defect of tradition expert system based on production rule and fault tree, the Fuzzy Petri net is used to present knowledge and reason process. Secondly, the AFPN is created by combined neural to adjust the weight. Lastly, this method is used to diagnose the fault in the phased array radar system.
1.提出了一种新的系统分层化建模方法,指导工程人员快速优化并行自动测试系统设计方案。
首先分析了仅依靠人工经验组建并行自动测试系统时容易发生的问题,结合对UML和Petri网的对比分析,提出使用UML进行系统功能描述,构建初步的领域模型;进而给出UML模型到Petri网模型的映射方法,得到具备严格形式化语义,可支持系统性能分析和评估的系统Petri网模型,从而将UML和Petri网的优势良好的结合起来。
2.设计了雷达自动测试系统分层化建模实例,研究了系统的性能评估问题。
首先,以雷达自动测试系统为例阐述了分层化建模方法的实施过程,分析了系统UML模型和映射后得到的Petri网模型之间的行为语义一致性,并编程实现了映射工具软件“UML2Petri”,实现了自动映射模式;基于Petri网理论对系统进行了定性的分析,并和人工设计过程进行对比,体现了Petri网的优越性;引入时间因素,将系统Petri网模型扩展为广义有色随机Petri网模型,对测试时间和资源利用率等性能指标进行了定量的评估,并和TestStand软件设计的并行系统进行对比,验证了建模方法的有效性。
3.针对并行自动测试系统死锁问题,提出了一种基于Petri网和遗传算法(GA)的死锁避免策略。
首先分析了并行自动测试系统的死锁发生问题,对比了几种典型的死锁避免方法;然后基于Petri网的形式描述了并行自动测试系统的死锁问题,并结合GA算法,提出了一种新的死锁避免策略,通过一个双通道放大器并行测试实验描述和验证了该策略;最后以雷达接收机并行测试仿真系统为例,和启发式搜索进行对比,体现了该策略的实用性能。
4.研究了并行自动测试系统任务调度优化问题,提出一种基于赋时Petri网和模拟退火遗传算法(SAGA)的任务调度优化算法。
首先分析了并行自动测试系统的任务调度问题,将任务测试时间引入系统Petri网模型,扩展出系统的赋时Petri网;然后结合模拟退火遗传算法设计系统任务调度优化算法,用于获取模型的最优任务调度序列;进而通过一个并行测试实验,和接口开关转换测试方法、交错并行测试方法等进行了对比,体现了该算法的优越性;最后通过雷达接收机并行测试仿真系统,对比了模拟退火遗传算法和遗传算法的搜索效率,体现了该算法的实用价值。
5.研究了自动测试系统中故障诊断的问题,提出了一种基于自适应模糊Petri网的故障诊断方法。
首先分析了自动测试系统的故障诊断问题,针对传统“产生式规则+故障树”的专家系统故障诊断模式的不足,提出用模糊Petri网表达知识,进行并行故障推理与分析的故障诊断方法,进而结合神经网路训练调节权值,形成自适应模糊Petri网;最后应用该方法对相控阵雷达进行了故障诊断。
Along with the development that the serial test has been substituted by the parallel multi-task test in Automatic Test System(ATS), The parallel multi-task ATS's(PATS's) structure design, task scheduling and construction have been studied in academic field, and many first fruits have been achieved. The PATS has the flexibility and extension, and its structure is complex and huge. The process of its construction and design is more complicated than the serial ATS, and it can not be completed depending on the traditional method only based on the people's experiences because it will bring the deadlock, resouces confliction, hunger and so on. So the formal modeling and verification of the PATS are very important to the construction and design of test system. This dissertation bases on the test technologies, Petri net, Unified Modeling Language(UML), genetic algorithm and neural network. The PATS's modeling and verification, deadlock avoidance, task scheduling optimization and fault diagnosis are studied deeply in the dissertation. Author's main work is depicted as follows:
1. A new hierarchical system modeling method is proposed for engineer instruction in getting a good project design of the PATS at short time.
At first, studying on the problems produced by the project design method only based on the people's experiences, combine the comparative analysis between UML and Petri net, use the UML to depict system function, build initial domain model. Then, the mapping method from the UML model to Petri net model is proposed. Get system Petri net model with strict formal semantic for performance analysis and evaluation, the advantage of UML and Petri net is combined consequently.
2. A hierarchical modeling instance of the radar ATS is designed, and then through it the system's performance evaluation is studied.
Firstly, the execution process of the radar ATS hierarchical modeling method is introduced, the consistency of behavior sematics between UML model and Petri net model got by UML models maping to is analysed, the soft "UML2Petri" is developed and the automatic map pattern is realized. Secondly, The system performance is evaluated qualitatively base on Petri net theory, is compared with the system designed only by people's experiencs to prove the advantage of Petri net. Thirdly, after the time factor is introduced, the system's Petri net model is extended to Generalized Colored Stochastic Petri net model, then the system performance is evaluated quantitatively about the system test time and the resource utilization, and is compared with the system designed by TestStand software, the results proved the validity of this hierarchical modeling method.
3. Studying on the deadlock in the PATS, a deadlock avoidance policy based on the Petri net and genetic algorithm (GA).
Firstly, the deadlock problem in the PATS is discussed, and some typical deadlock avoidance methods are compared. Secondly, the deadlock problem in the PATS is elaborated based on Petri net, a new deadlock avoidance policy is proposed by combined with the GA, this policy is validated by a parallel test experiment about dual channels amplifier. Lastly, practicality of this policy is emobied with comparing between GA and heuristic algorithm using a parallel test simulation system about radar reciever.
4. Studying on the PATS's task scheduling, the optimal method based on the Time Petri net and the Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm (SAGA) is proposed.
Firstly, the PATS's task scheduling problem is discussed, introduce the time factor into system Petri model to get system Timed Petri net model. Secondly, in order to acquire the optimal task schedule sequence, the SAGA is combined to design the optimal algorithm of task scheduling. Thirdly, via a parallel test experiment, advantage of this optimal algorithm is embodied by a parallel test experiment. Lastly, the search efficiency is compared between SAGA and GA methods in a radar receiver PATS.
5. Studying on the fault diagnosis problem in the ATS, a fault diagnosis mothed based on the Adaptive Fuzzy Petri net (AFPN) is proposed.
Firstly, the fault diagnosis problem in the ATS is discussed, according to the defect of tradition expert system based on production rule and fault tree, the Fuzzy Petri net is used to present knowledge and reason process. Secondly, the AFPN is created by combined neural to adjust the weight. Lastly, this method is used to diagnose the fault in the phased array radar system.
引文
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