分段压裂水平井产能与底水油藏水平井流入动态研究
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摘要
水平井是一种先进的二次采油技术,用分段压裂水平井开发低渗透油藏以及用普通水平井开发中高渗油藏高含水期厚油层顶部的剩余油是水平井应用的两个新领域,它们引起了比较复杂的油藏工程问题。
本文重点研究了低渗透油藏和底水油藏中水平井开采所引起的一系列油藏工程问题。在低渗油藏方面,主要研究了分段压裂水平井及其混合井网的产能评价方法,以长庆吴420井区分段压裂水平井为例,通过数值解和解析解的结合,比较深入地分析了该分段压裂水平井的开采动态,得到了一些有特色的结果。在中高渗油藏方面,首先阐述了底水锥进机理,以普通直井锥进原理为基础,完成了水平井底水油藏流入动态研究。重点讨论二维底水模型和三维底水模型的特点,对五种底水模型进行数值解的对比。结合数值模拟手段,对L8-P18水平井进行油藏工程研究,可以更好的指导水平井技术在底水油藏中的应用效果。
经过论文的研究,主要取得以下几个成果:1)应用当量井径模型,结合混合五点井网公式,推导得出带无限导流和有限导流垂直裂缝水平井的产能公式。2)常规底水油藏呈轴向对称底水油藏二维渗流模型的研究,建立轴对称普通直井底水锥进模型,给出相应的推导原理和求解过程,得到普通直井锥进计算公式。3)Ozkan简化公式仅在满足re D≥3.3或L D≥2.3这两个限定条件下才能应用,且推导过程中边界条件的定义存在模糊不清的情况。针对这两点本文进一步计算FL与FBH影响参数的关系,得出非简化公式。并且清晰定义了边界条件,完成圆形底水模型的公式原理和求解方法研究,结合稳定水脊形成条件,得出新的三维底水模型公式,应用于实际计算。
本文的研究成果可以用于压裂水平井优化设计研究,指导分段压裂水平井技术在低渗油藏的应用。而底水油藏工程研究,可以确定水平井开发指标,达到优化生产制度、提高最终采收率的目的。
The horizontal well is an advanced secondary oil recovery technology. The application for the horizontal wells includes two aspects. One is used to develop the low permeability reservoir with segregated fracturing horizontal wells and the other is used to develop the residual oil at the top of thick layers in the hypertonic reservoir when development is at the high water cut stage, which can be caused a series of more complicated problems of reservoir engineering.
This dissertation focuses on a series of reservoir engineering problems about using horizontal wells to develop the low-permeability reservoir and bottom water reservoir. For low-permeability reservoir, Combined the numerical simulation for the model of Wu Ping-3 horizontal wells five point pattern in Wu -420 of the Changqing field, it mainly research on the segregated fracturing horizontal well and the evaluation method for its mixed pattern of productivity. It comprehensively analyzes of the impact of reservoir sensitivity parameters, and has been a number of characteristics results. For the high permeability bottom water reservoir, firstly it presents the mechanism of coning, and then bases on the general vertical well, finally completes the research on the inflow performance of horizontal well for bottom water reservoir. It is important to discuss the modeling of two or three-dimensional, and then contrasts the five models at the end of the numerical solution. Combined with the numerical simulation of the L8-P18 horizontal well, it is better to guide the horizontal well technology application in the bottom water reservoir.
Through researching, it is mainly to obtain the following results: 1) the application of equivalent diameter model, combined with a five-point pattern mixing formula is derived come with infinite and finite segeration vertical fracture in horizontal well productivity formula. 2) Conventional bottom water reservoir was at the end of the axial symmetry of two-dimensional flow model water reservoir studies, the establishment of an ordinary straight axisymmetric bottom water coning model, given the principle of the derivation and solution process, vertical wells have been coning general formula for calculating . 3) Ozkan simplified formula is used only under the conditions of the two re D≥3.3or L D≥2.3, and the definition of boundary conditions is very ambiguous, it hard to applicate of the process and derive it. In this paper, these two points for further calculation of the impact of FL and FBH parameters, and derived non-simplified formula. And a clear definition of the boundary conditions to complete the round at the bottom water model and the formula of the principle of method, in combination with the formation of stable water ridge conditions, gives out a new three-dimensional model of the formula for bottom water reservoir.
The results of dissertation can be used to optimize the design of fractured horizontal wells in the application of low permeability reservoir. And the study of bottom water reservoir engineering is to determine the development of horizontal wells to optimize production systems, improve the ultimate recovery purposes.
本文重点研究了低渗透油藏和底水油藏中水平井开采所引起的一系列油藏工程问题。在低渗油藏方面,主要研究了分段压裂水平井及其混合井网的产能评价方法,以长庆吴420井区分段压裂水平井为例,通过数值解和解析解的结合,比较深入地分析了该分段压裂水平井的开采动态,得到了一些有特色的结果。在中高渗油藏方面,首先阐述了底水锥进机理,以普通直井锥进原理为基础,完成了水平井底水油藏流入动态研究。重点讨论二维底水模型和三维底水模型的特点,对五种底水模型进行数值解的对比。结合数值模拟手段,对L8-P18水平井进行油藏工程研究,可以更好的指导水平井技术在底水油藏中的应用效果。
经过论文的研究,主要取得以下几个成果:1)应用当量井径模型,结合混合五点井网公式,推导得出带无限导流和有限导流垂直裂缝水平井的产能公式。2)常规底水油藏呈轴向对称底水油藏二维渗流模型的研究,建立轴对称普通直井底水锥进模型,给出相应的推导原理和求解过程,得到普通直井锥进计算公式。3)Ozkan简化公式仅在满足re D≥3.3或L D≥2.3这两个限定条件下才能应用,且推导过程中边界条件的定义存在模糊不清的情况。针对这两点本文进一步计算FL与FBH影响参数的关系,得出非简化公式。并且清晰定义了边界条件,完成圆形底水模型的公式原理和求解方法研究,结合稳定水脊形成条件,得出新的三维底水模型公式,应用于实际计算。
本文的研究成果可以用于压裂水平井优化设计研究,指导分段压裂水平井技术在低渗油藏的应用。而底水油藏工程研究,可以确定水平井开发指标,达到优化生产制度、提高最终采收率的目的。
The horizontal well is an advanced secondary oil recovery technology. The application for the horizontal wells includes two aspects. One is used to develop the low permeability reservoir with segregated fracturing horizontal wells and the other is used to develop the residual oil at the top of thick layers in the hypertonic reservoir when development is at the high water cut stage, which can be caused a series of more complicated problems of reservoir engineering.
This dissertation focuses on a series of reservoir engineering problems about using horizontal wells to develop the low-permeability reservoir and bottom water reservoir. For low-permeability reservoir, Combined the numerical simulation for the model of Wu Ping-3 horizontal wells five point pattern in Wu -420 of the Changqing field, it mainly research on the segregated fracturing horizontal well and the evaluation method for its mixed pattern of productivity. It comprehensively analyzes of the impact of reservoir sensitivity parameters, and has been a number of characteristics results. For the high permeability bottom water reservoir, firstly it presents the mechanism of coning, and then bases on the general vertical well, finally completes the research on the inflow performance of horizontal well for bottom water reservoir. It is important to discuss the modeling of two or three-dimensional, and then contrasts the five models at the end of the numerical solution. Combined with the numerical simulation of the L8-P18 horizontal well, it is better to guide the horizontal well technology application in the bottom water reservoir.
Through researching, it is mainly to obtain the following results: 1) the application of equivalent diameter model, combined with a five-point pattern mixing formula is derived come with infinite and finite segeration vertical fracture in horizontal well productivity formula. 2) Conventional bottom water reservoir was at the end of the axial symmetry of two-dimensional flow model water reservoir studies, the establishment of an ordinary straight axisymmetric bottom water coning model, given the principle of the derivation and solution process, vertical wells have been coning general formula for calculating . 3) Ozkan simplified formula is used only under the conditions of the two re D≥3.3or L D≥2.3, and the definition of boundary conditions is very ambiguous, it hard to applicate of the process and derive it. In this paper, these two points for further calculation of the impact of FL and FBH parameters, and derived non-simplified formula. And a clear definition of the boundary conditions to complete the round at the bottom water model and the formula of the principle of method, in combination with the formation of stable water ridge conditions, gives out a new three-dimensional model of the formula for bottom water reservoir.
The results of dissertation can be used to optimize the design of fractured horizontal wells in the application of low permeability reservoir. And the study of bottom water reservoir engineering is to determine the development of horizontal wells to optimize production systems, improve the ultimate recovery purposes.
引文
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