非饱和土路基水作用机理及其迁移特性研究
|
摘要
随着蓬勃发展的国民经济对交通需求的日益提高,公路、铁路建设不断扩大,细粒土(粉质土和粘质土)、膨胀土及湿陷性土等非饱和土作为路基材料也逐渐增多,非饱和土的工程性质及非饱和土水分迁移特性也越来越引起工程界及科研者的重视。修建的路基一般属于非饱和土范畴,而含水量是影响非饱和土工程性质的主要因素。建后路基暴露于自然环境中,路面荷载作用、降雨渗流作用、地下水毛细作用及四季温度变化等因素直接给路基水分迁移提供动力,使路基中的水分产生迁移,路基土含水量发生变化,导致路基工程性质下降。因此,为了了解路基水分迁移的规律及程度以提高路基工程设计,对外界因素下路基土的水分迁移研究非常必要。本文基于以上工程实践要求,主要通过理论分析、室内试验及数值模拟等手段系统地研究了水分对非饱和土路基工程性质作用机理、路基水分在毛细作用、降雨作用路基渗流和路基裂隙渗流作用及水热耦合作用迁移等问题。
首先,本文研究了非饱和土吸力的本质问题。从吸力的承载体—土颗粒水膜的本质特征进行了研究,引用并扩展了水膜理论,从广义的水膜理论及土性方面分析了非饱和土总吸力问题,推导了广义非饱和土水膜理论下的总吸力公式;同时,通过对长沙非饱和红粘土的非饱和土三轴试验,获得了长沙非饱和重塑红粘土的土水特征曲线及在不同的吸力下抗剪强度特性。
其次,研究了毛细作用下路基水分迁移特性。探讨了路基中毛细作用机理和毛细上升高度与时间、土颗粒大小的关系;基于简单的路基毛细作用模型及土-水特征曲线,初步导出单位体积路基土毛细作用下含水量的变化关系。利用多孔介质理论,分析路基土毛细作用多孔介质模型;分别从结合路基毛细作用模型、土-水特征曲线及多孔介质理论,从两方面导出单位体积路基土毛细作用下含水量的变化公式。
再次,研究了降雨渗流作用下的水分迁移特性。基于路基内部水运动原理,分析了降雨渗流(包括路表渗流及路基裂隙渗流)对路基的浸润作用,探讨了IEM和FDEM降雨模型强降雨及弱降雨强度下雨水入渗路基机理,推导出降雨强度与雨水入渗路基深度的公式,研究了降雨作用下非饱和土路基的饱和-非饱和流,且基于一般渗流方程的基础上,初步导出了降雨作用下非饱和土路基的饱和-非饱和渗流公式;同时,对路基土质裂隙进行了初步探讨,分析了非饱和土路基裂隙介质特征,并建立考虑吸力水头的土质裂隙渗流公式。
最后,研究了水-热偶合作用下路基的水分迁移特性。研究了路基温度场及温度场与水分场耦合作用下路基水分迁移规律,同时,根据前人路基土性热参数的测试成果,利用matlab语言数值模拟砂质路基和粘性土路基在不同初始干密度及不同初始含水量条件下的路基温度场随时间变化特性;按照质量守恒及热力学定理推导了水-热耦合方程,分别分析了水-热耦合场的基质势与温度场的耦合作用及渗流场与温度场的耦合作用,继而推导了基质势-温度场及基质势-温度场-渗流场耦合方程;数值模拟砂质路基和粘性土路基分别在基质势、基质势-温度场及基质势-温度场-渗流场三场耦合作用下路基中的水分场随时间的变化过程,初步探讨了三场偶合作用下不同土质路基在不同的初始干密度及初始含水量变化下土中含水量变化的机理。
With the increasing requirement of traffic to the development of flourishing economy in our country, the construction of highway and railroad were enlarged, with the result that such the Fine-grained Soils(including silty soil and clayey soil),expansive soil,loess,collapsible soil,and so on,were gradually used as subgrade materials. The engineering property of unsaturated soil and moisture transfer had been attracted much attention by practical engineering workers and researchers more and more .The roadbed is belong to unsaturated soil, which is greatly influenced by water content of soil. The subgrade constructed was exposed to environment,strongly suffering the load of road surface and seepage effect of rainfall and capillary effect of under-ground water and seasonal temperature exchange,etc.,which straightly provided the motility of water transfer in the subgrades and the water content of subgrades changed a lot. The variety of water content in the subgrade would decrease the engineering property such as the decrease of rebound modulus in subgrade. Therefore,it is essential to study the rule of moisture transfer in the roadbed with the various natural factors in order to improve the roadbed design in future. The moisture effect of engineering property of unsaturated-soil subgrades and the water transfer in the sungrades with capillary effect and the seepage of rainfall and the coupled thermal and water effect was studied with theory analysis and laboratory experiment and numerical simulation in the paper. First , the essential characteristics of matrix suction of unsaturated soil was discussed in the paper. The characteristics of water film of soil grains,which is the mass of matrix suction,was studied. theory of water film was applied in the petrochemical science and soil science. The theory of water film is used and amplified based on the origin, namely, the water film composes of absorbed bound water and free water induced by capillary effect and matrix suction and the total suction was analyzed,meanwhile,the formula of total suction was come into being step by step. In addition,With the unsaturated triaxial equipment for remold red clay in Changsha test , we analyze systematically the characteristics of soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and the shear strength under the condition of various suction.
Second,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the capillary effect was studied. The capillary mechanism in subgrade and the relationship between the height of capillary rising and time and soil size were discussed in the paper for the purpose of investigating the capillary effect on the subgrade. The porous medium model of capillarity in subgrade was analyzed on the basement of the theory of porous medium. The formula,which describe the variation of water content in unit soil because of capillary effect,was deduced based on the simple model of capillarity and soil-water characteristic curve. The capillary mechanism in subgrade and the relationship between the height of capillary rising and time and soil size were discussed in the paper for the purpose of investigating the capillary effect on the subgrade. The porous medium model of capillarity in subgrade was analyzed on the basement of the theory of porous medium. The formulas, which describe the variation of water content in unit soil because of capillary effect,were deduced respectively based on the simple model of capillarity and soil-water characteristic curve and the theory of porous medium.
Third,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the seepage effect of rainfall was studied. The seepage of the subgrade in the process of rainfall and the impaction of rainfall on the water content of the subgrade were discussed in the following paper. The soakage effect of rainfall to the subgrade was studied by the movement mechanism of interior water in subgrade;Second, the mechanism of rainfall’s seepage of IEM and FDEM in the subgrade was discussed and the formulae of seepage depth in the subgrade with different rainfall models were derived; In addition, saturated-unsaturated seepage flow in the subgrade was discussed and the formulae of saturated-unsaturated seepage flow were deduced based on the general seepage theory. Meanwhile,the paper discovered the characteristics of seepage of subgrade’s fissures and the effect of seepage to subgrade engineering and the characteristics of subgrade’s fissures and the models of subgrade’s fissures were studied. For the main source of seepage of subgrade is rainfall,the formula of seepage of subgrade with the effect of rainfall were derived.
Finally,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the effect of coupled moisture and thermal.The characteristics of moisture transfer in the subgrade with the process of temperature field and the coupled moisture and thermal field were discussed,respectively. Meanwhile,with the boundary of different initial dry intensity and initial water content,the change characteristics of temperature field with the time in the subgrade of sandy soil and the subgrade of clay soil were numerical modified, based on the thermal parameters of subgrade soil tested. Then,the formula of the coupled moisture and thermal was educed in the light of the thermo of mass conservation and thermodynamics. The coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and the coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential were discussed in details,meanwhile,the formula of the coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential was educed,accordingly. The change characteristics of moisture field with the time in the subgrade with he coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential were numerical modified in the Matlab of computer language.
首先,本文研究了非饱和土吸力的本质问题。从吸力的承载体—土颗粒水膜的本质特征进行了研究,引用并扩展了水膜理论,从广义的水膜理论及土性方面分析了非饱和土总吸力问题,推导了广义非饱和土水膜理论下的总吸力公式;同时,通过对长沙非饱和红粘土的非饱和土三轴试验,获得了长沙非饱和重塑红粘土的土水特征曲线及在不同的吸力下抗剪强度特性。
其次,研究了毛细作用下路基水分迁移特性。探讨了路基中毛细作用机理和毛细上升高度与时间、土颗粒大小的关系;基于简单的路基毛细作用模型及土-水特征曲线,初步导出单位体积路基土毛细作用下含水量的变化关系。利用多孔介质理论,分析路基土毛细作用多孔介质模型;分别从结合路基毛细作用模型、土-水特征曲线及多孔介质理论,从两方面导出单位体积路基土毛细作用下含水量的变化公式。
再次,研究了降雨渗流作用下的水分迁移特性。基于路基内部水运动原理,分析了降雨渗流(包括路表渗流及路基裂隙渗流)对路基的浸润作用,探讨了IEM和FDEM降雨模型强降雨及弱降雨强度下雨水入渗路基机理,推导出降雨强度与雨水入渗路基深度的公式,研究了降雨作用下非饱和土路基的饱和-非饱和流,且基于一般渗流方程的基础上,初步导出了降雨作用下非饱和土路基的饱和-非饱和渗流公式;同时,对路基土质裂隙进行了初步探讨,分析了非饱和土路基裂隙介质特征,并建立考虑吸力水头的土质裂隙渗流公式。
最后,研究了水-热偶合作用下路基的水分迁移特性。研究了路基温度场及温度场与水分场耦合作用下路基水分迁移规律,同时,根据前人路基土性热参数的测试成果,利用matlab语言数值模拟砂质路基和粘性土路基在不同初始干密度及不同初始含水量条件下的路基温度场随时间变化特性;按照质量守恒及热力学定理推导了水-热耦合方程,分别分析了水-热耦合场的基质势与温度场的耦合作用及渗流场与温度场的耦合作用,继而推导了基质势-温度场及基质势-温度场-渗流场耦合方程;数值模拟砂质路基和粘性土路基分别在基质势、基质势-温度场及基质势-温度场-渗流场三场耦合作用下路基中的水分场随时间的变化过程,初步探讨了三场偶合作用下不同土质路基在不同的初始干密度及初始含水量变化下土中含水量变化的机理。
With the increasing requirement of traffic to the development of flourishing economy in our country, the construction of highway and railroad were enlarged, with the result that such the Fine-grained Soils(including silty soil and clayey soil),expansive soil,loess,collapsible soil,and so on,were gradually used as subgrade materials. The engineering property of unsaturated soil and moisture transfer had been attracted much attention by practical engineering workers and researchers more and more .The roadbed is belong to unsaturated soil, which is greatly influenced by water content of soil. The subgrade constructed was exposed to environment,strongly suffering the load of road surface and seepage effect of rainfall and capillary effect of under-ground water and seasonal temperature exchange,etc.,which straightly provided the motility of water transfer in the subgrades and the water content of subgrades changed a lot. The variety of water content in the subgrade would decrease the engineering property such as the decrease of rebound modulus in subgrade. Therefore,it is essential to study the rule of moisture transfer in the roadbed with the various natural factors in order to improve the roadbed design in future. The moisture effect of engineering property of unsaturated-soil subgrades and the water transfer in the sungrades with capillary effect and the seepage of rainfall and the coupled thermal and water effect was studied with theory analysis and laboratory experiment and numerical simulation in the paper. First , the essential characteristics of matrix suction of unsaturated soil was discussed in the paper. The characteristics of water film of soil grains,which is the mass of matrix suction,was studied. theory of water film was applied in the petrochemical science and soil science. The theory of water film is used and amplified based on the origin, namely, the water film composes of absorbed bound water and free water induced by capillary effect and matrix suction and the total suction was analyzed,meanwhile,the formula of total suction was come into being step by step. In addition,With the unsaturated triaxial equipment for remold red clay in Changsha test , we analyze systematically the characteristics of soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and the shear strength under the condition of various suction.
Second,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the capillary effect was studied. The capillary mechanism in subgrade and the relationship between the height of capillary rising and time and soil size were discussed in the paper for the purpose of investigating the capillary effect on the subgrade. The porous medium model of capillarity in subgrade was analyzed on the basement of the theory of porous medium. The formula,which describe the variation of water content in unit soil because of capillary effect,was deduced based on the simple model of capillarity and soil-water characteristic curve. The capillary mechanism in subgrade and the relationship between the height of capillary rising and time and soil size were discussed in the paper for the purpose of investigating the capillary effect on the subgrade. The porous medium model of capillarity in subgrade was analyzed on the basement of the theory of porous medium. The formulas, which describe the variation of water content in unit soil because of capillary effect,were deduced respectively based on the simple model of capillarity and soil-water characteristic curve and the theory of porous medium.
Third,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the seepage effect of rainfall was studied. The seepage of the subgrade in the process of rainfall and the impaction of rainfall on the water content of the subgrade were discussed in the following paper. The soakage effect of rainfall to the subgrade was studied by the movement mechanism of interior water in subgrade;Second, the mechanism of rainfall’s seepage of IEM and FDEM in the subgrade was discussed and the formulae of seepage depth in the subgrade with different rainfall models were derived; In addition, saturated-unsaturated seepage flow in the subgrade was discussed and the formulae of saturated-unsaturated seepage flow were deduced based on the general seepage theory. Meanwhile,the paper discovered the characteristics of seepage of subgrade’s fissures and the effect of seepage to subgrade engineering and the characteristics of subgrade’s fissures and the models of subgrade’s fissures were studied. For the main source of seepage of subgrade is rainfall,the formula of seepage of subgrade with the effect of rainfall were derived.
Finally,the characteristics of moisture transfer with the effect of coupled moisture and thermal.The characteristics of moisture transfer in the subgrade with the process of temperature field and the coupled moisture and thermal field were discussed,respectively. Meanwhile,with the boundary of different initial dry intensity and initial water content,the change characteristics of temperature field with the time in the subgrade of sandy soil and the subgrade of clay soil were numerical modified, based on the thermal parameters of subgrade soil tested. Then,the formula of the coupled moisture and thermal was educed in the light of the thermo of mass conservation and thermodynamics. The coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and the coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential were discussed in details,meanwhile,the formula of the coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential was educed,accordingly. The change characteristics of moisture field with the time in the subgrade with he coupled effect of matrix potential and thermal potential and seepage potential were numerical modified in the Matlab of computer language.
引文
[1]凌建明,谢经保,郑悦锋等.基于地下水变位的路基顶面当量回弹模量预估[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(2):162-165
[2] Jin M S,Lee KW,Kovacs WD.Seasonal variation of resilient modulus of subgrade soils[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,1994,120(4):603-616
[3] Valaa E I K,Kenneth O A..Assessing seasonal variations in cohesive subgrade soils[A].International Symposiumon Stubdrainage in Road way Pavements and Subgrades[C]. [s.l]:World Road Association,1998,803-822
[4] Wai Y Y G,Jorge A C.Soil suction and insitu resilient modulus-A study devaloped at a full-scale pavement test facility in southern Brazil[A]. International Symposium on Subdrainage in Roadway Pavements and Subgrades[C]. [s.l.]:World Road Association,1998,129-135
[5] Wai Y Y G,Jorge A C.A study of the influence of suction on the resilient modulus of pavement subgrade soils[A].International Symposium on Subdrainage in Roadway Pavements and Subgrades[C].[s.l.] : World Road Association,1998,137-144
[6] Ping WV.Effect of moisture on resilience characteristics of compacted granular subgrades[Z/CD]([I]):77th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board,1998
[7] Ping WV.Effect of moisture on resilience characteristics of compacted granular subgrades[Z/CD]([II]) : 77th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board,1998
[8] National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho. Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture for Pavement Design and Rehabilitation in Idaho(Phase III:Data Collection and Analysis):2005
[9]代寒松,盛煜,陈继.青藏公路路基纵向裂缝病害及其发生规律[J].公路,2006,12(1):85-88
[10] Klas Hansson.Water and heat transport in road structure[M].UPPSALA Universitet,2003
[11]田开铭,陈明佑,王海林.裂隙水偏流[M].北京:学苑出版社,1989,145-152
[12]王永红,王育平,尹增德等.采动土体裂隙水流运动特征的研究[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(6):566-571
[13]王育平,王永红.水-土相互作用对土体裂隙水流的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5):554-557
[14]王绍令.冻土退化与青藏高原环境问题的探讨[C].见:第五届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上).甘肃:文化出版社,1996,11-l8
[15]翁家杰,周希圣.冻结土体的水分迁移和固结作用[J].地下工程与隧道,1999,9(1):2-8
[16] Bickel John O,Kuesel T R.Tunnel Engineering Handtood[M].Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,1982
[17] Lyle Prunty , A.M..Soil Water Heat of Transport[J].JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING,2002,6:435-440
[18]毛雪松,王秉纲,胡长顺.多年冻土路基水分迁移热力学性能分析[J] .路基工程,2006,24(4):1-4
[19]毛雪松,胡长顺,窦明建等.正冻土中分水场和温度场耦合过程的动态观测与分析[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(1):55-59
[20]杨诗秀.土壤冻结状态下水热耦合的数值计算[J].清华大学学报,1987,2(3):20-27
[21]洪毓康.土质学与土力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1997,36-37
[22]唐红梅,陈洪凯,叶四桥.新疆天山公路翻浆土体毛细特性试验研究[J].重庆交通学院学报,2003,22(4):45-48
[23]冯炜炜,陆会清,姚力.浅谈土的不同物质组成对毛细性的影响[J].新疆有色金属,2004,29(2):16-18
[24]董加瑞,王昂生.毛细作用下土壤水分扩散特性研究及试验[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(1):50-57
[25]翁通.盐渍土毛细水作用及击实特性研究:[长安大学硕士论文].长安:长安大学,2006,23-31
[26]方云.毛细体系中界面力平衡方程的通式及其应用[J].无锡轻工大学学报,1996,15(2):134-139
[27]李锐,赵文光,陈善雄.基于GEO-SLOPE的膨胀土路基毛细水上升分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2006,23(s1):36-39
[28] Lane,K. S.,Washburn,S. E..Capillary tests by capillarimeter and by soil filled tubes[J].Proc. Highway Research Board,1996,26,460-473
[29] N Lu , W.J.Likos.Rate of Capillary Rise in Soil[J].JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICALAND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2004,130(6):646-650
[30] S.Assouline.A model for soil relative hydraulic conductivity based on the waterretention characteristic curve[J].Water Reources Research, 2001, 37(2):265-271
[31]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988,87-89
[32] Jordi Grifoll , Josep Ma.Gasto , Yoram Cohen.Non-isothermal soil water transport and evaporation[J].Advances in Water Res.,2005,28:1254-1266
[33] Rubin,J.Theoretical analysis of two-dimensionaltransient flow of water in unsaturatedand partly unsaturated soils[J].Proc.SoilSci.Soc.A mer.,1998,32(2):607-615
[34] T. Vogela,H.H. Gerkeb,R. Zhangc,M.Th. Van Genuchtend.Modeling flow and transport in a two-dimensional dual-permeability system with spatially variable hydraulic properties[J].Journal of Hydrology,2000,238:78-89
[35] Mohanty.B.P. , Bowman.R.S. , Hendrickx , etc..New piecewise-continuous hydraulic functions for modeling preferential flow in an intermittent flood-irrigated field[J].Water Resour. Res.,1997,33 (9):2049-2063
[36] Liu,H.H,Doughty C.,Bodvarsson G.S..An active fracture model for unsaturated flow and transport in fractured rocks[J].Water Resour. Res.,1998,34 (10):2633-2646
[37] Dekker L.,Ritsema C..How water moves in a water repellent sandy soil:1. Potential and actual water repellency[J].Water Resour.Res. , 1994 , 30 :2507-2517
[38]赤井浩一,大西有三,西垣诚.有限要素法饱和-不饱和的浸透流解析[R].见:土木学会论文报告集,1977,87-96
[39] Fredlund D G,Morgenstern N R,Widger A.Shear stength of unsaturated soils[J].Can. Geotech.J.,1978,15:313-321
[40] L.Lam, D. G.Fredlund , S.L.Barbour.Transient seepage model for saturat ed-unsaturated soil systems : a geotechnical engineering approach[J]. Geotechnique,1987,24:565-580
[41]黄俊,苏向明,汪炜平.土坝饱和-非饱和渗流数值分析方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(5):30-39
[42] T.T .L im,H.Rahardjo,M.F.Chang,etc..Effect of rainfall on matric suctions in a residual soil slope[J].Can.Geotech.J,1996,33:618-628
[43]张家发.三维饱和非饱和稳定非稳定渗流场的有限元模拟[J].长江科学院院报.1997,14(3):35-38
[44]陈虹,陈彤.堤坝饱和-非饱和渗流数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展,1997,12 (3):356-364
[45]陈善雄,陈守义.考虑降雨的非饱和土边坡稳定性分析方法[J].岩土力学,2001,22 (4):44-45
[46]陈守义.考虑入渗和蒸发影响的土坡稳定性分析方法[J].岩土力学,1997,18(2):8-22
[47]朱伟,山村和野.雨水、洪水渗透时河堤的稳定性[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21 (4):414-419
[48]吴梦喜,高莲士.饱和-非饱和非稳定渗流数值分析[J].水利学报,1999,44(12):38-42
[49]朱军,刘光廷,陆述远.饱和非饱和三维多孔介质非稳定渗流分析[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2001,34(3):5-9
[50] Freeze,R.A.and Cherry,J.A.Groundwater.England Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall,1979
[51] Forsyth,P.A .Comparison of the single-phase and two-phase numerical model for mulation for saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow[J].Computer Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg,1988,69:243-259
[52]邵龙潭,王助贫,关立军,等.非饱和土中水流入渗和气体排出过程的求解[J].2000,11 (l):8-13
[53] B.J. Dempsey.A mathematical model for predicting coupled heat and water movement in unsaturated soil[J].Int. J. Numer. Anal.Meth. Geomech,1978,2: 319-324
[54] J.R. Philip,D.A. De Vries.Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients[J].Trans. Am. Geophys.Union,1957,38 (2):222-232
[55]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[56]陈善雄.非饱和土热湿耦合传输问题的模型试验与数值模拟:[中科院武汉岩土力学研究所硕士论文].武汉:中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,1991,44-49
[57]张字纶,陈守义.用积分有限差分方法求解土壤中热量和水分的耦合流动问题.见:第三界全国岩土力学数值分析和解析方法讨论会论文集,1988,247-364
[58]陈善雄,陈守义.非饱和土热湿耦合传输问题的数值解[J].岩土力学,1992,13(1):39-50
[59] Fremond M,Mikkola M.Thermomechanical of freeing soil.Proceedings of the Sixth Internatioal Symposium on Ground freezing Rotterdam:A.A. balklema,1991
[60]陆海红.黄土温度场和水分迁移场及其耦合问题的研究:[西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2003,23-28
[61] H.R. Radhakrishna,K-C. Lau,A.M Crawford.Coupled heat and moisture flow through soils[J].Geotech. Eng.,ASCE ,1984,110 (12):1766-1784
[62] H.R. Thomas,C.L.W. Li.An assessment of model of heat and moisture transfer in unsaturated soil[J].Geotechnique,1997,47 (1):113-131
[63] H.R. Thomas,W.F.Ferguson.A fully coupled heat and mass transfer model incorporating contaminate gas transfer in an unsaturated porous medium[J]. omput. Geotech.,1999,24 (1):65-87
[64] D.S. Freitas,A.T. Prata,A.J. De Lima.Thermal performance of underground cables with constant and cyclic currents in presence of moisture migration in the surrounding soil[J].Trans. Power Delivery IEEE,1996,11 (3):1159-1170.
[65] G.P. Newman,G. Ward Wilson.Heat and mass transfer in unsaturated soils during freezing[J].Can.Geotech.J,1997,3:63-70
[66] H.A. Basha,A.P.S. Selvadurai.Heat-induced moisture transport in the vicinity of a spherical heat source[J].Int. J. Numer. Anal.Meth. Geomech,1998,22:969-981
[67] A.J.Raudkivi,V.V.Nguyen.Soil moisture movement by temperature gradient[J]. Geotech. Eng.,ASCE,1976,102 (GT12):1225-1244
[68] J.C. Hartley,W.J. Black.Transient simultaneous heat and mass transfer in moist unsaturated soils[J].Heat Transfer,ASME. 1981,103:376-382
[69] J.Y. Baladi,D.L. Ayers,R.J. Schoenhals.Transient heat and mass transfer in soils[J].Heat Mass Transfer,1981,24:449-458
[70] J. Ewen.Thermal instability in gently heated unsaturated sand[J].Heat Mass Transfer,1988,31:1701-1710
[71] Federal Highway Administration.TPP Seasonal Monitoring Program : Instrumentation Installation and Data Collection Guidelines.FHWA-RD-94- 110,Research and Development,Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center,6300 Georgetown Pike,McLean,1994,2101-2296
[72] Fredlund,D.G.,A. Xing.Equation For The Soil-Water Characteristic Curve. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31:521-532
[73] Fredlund,D.G.,A. Xing and S. Huang.Predicting The Permeability Function For Unsaturated Soils Using The Soil-Water Characteristic Curve.Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31:533-546
[74]李宁,程国栋,徐学祖等.冻土力学的研究进展与思考[J].力学进展,2001,31(1):95-102
[75]徐绍新.季节冻土区水工建筑物抗冻害技术研究的成就与展望[A].见:第5届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上)[C].兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996,291-298
[76]朱林楠,吴紫旺,臧恩穆.冻土退化与道路工程[A].见:第5届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上)[C].兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996,333-340
[77]喻文学,武敬民.青藏公路多年冻土区沥青路面路基临界高度问题[J].西安公路学院学报,1986,6(1):25-42
[78]吴紫汪,朱林楠,郭兴民等.青藏公路多年冻土区路堤的临界高度[J].冰川冻土,1988,10(1):36-43
[79]黄小铭.青藏高原多年冻土区铁路路堤临界高度的确定[A].见:第2届全国冻土学术会议论文选集[C].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,1983,391-397
[80]王铁行,窦明健,胡长顺.多年冻土地区路基临界高度研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(4):94-98
[81] Kay B D M,Fukuda.The importance of water migrationin the measurements of the thermal conductivity of unsaturated frozen soils[J].Cold Region Science andTechnology,1981,6(5):95-106
[82] Cary J W.A new method for calculating frost heave incluseing solute effects[J].Water Resources Research,1987,23:1620-1624
[83] Nassar I.N.,Benjamin J.G.,Horton R..Thermally induced moisture movement in uniform clayey[J].Soil Science,1996,161(8):471-479
[84] Guymon G,Berg R,Hromadka T.A one-dimensional frost heave model based upon simulation of simultaneous heatand water flux[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1980,3:253-263
[85] Shen Mu,Ladanyi B.Modelling of coupled heat,moisture and stress field in freezing soil[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1987,14:237-246.
[86] Kim , S..Coupled Heat and Moisture Flow Analysis in Unsaturated Soil[D].Toledo:Department of Civil Engineering,University of Toledo,OH,2002
[87] Larson,G.,B. J. Dempsey.Enhanced Integrated Climatic Model Version 2.0,DTFA MN/DOT 72114,1997
[88] Lytton,R. L.,C. H. Pufahl,H. S. Michalak,eyc..An Integrated Model of the Climatic Effects on Pavements[J].FHWA-RD-90-033,1993
[89] Newman,G. P.,G. W. Wilson.Heat And Mass Transfer In Unsaturated Soils During Freezing[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1997,34:63-70
[90] Ohio University.Instrumentation Plan for the Ohio SPS Test Pavement (DEL-23-17.48).Center for Geotechnical and Environmental Research,Civil Engineering Department,1994
[91] Konrad J M , Morgenstern N R.The segregation potential of a freezing soil[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1981,18:482-491
[92]苗天德,郭力,牛永红等.正冻土中水热迁移问题的混合物理论模型[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(S):8-14
[93]陈飞熊,李宁,程国栋.饱和正冻土多孔多相介质的理论构架[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):213-217
[94]李宁,陈波,陈飞熊.冻土路基温度场、水分场、变形场三场耦合分析[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(10):66-71
[95] Gardner W R.Solution of the flow equation for the drying of soils and the porous media[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding,1959,23:183-187
[96] Hopmans J W,Dane J H.Temperature dependence of soil water retention curves[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1986,50:562-567
[97]张一平,白锦鳞,张君常等.温度对土壤水势影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1990,27(4):454-458
[98]张富仓,张一平,张君常.温度对土壤水发保持影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1997,34(2):160-169
[99]姚贤良,程云生.土壤物理学[M].北京:农业出版社,1986
[100] P.P. Overduin,D.L. Kane,W.K.P. van Loon.Measuring thermal conductivity in freezing and thawing soil using the soil temperature response to heating[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology,2006,45:8-22
[101]Gurr C G,Marshall T J,Hutton J T.Movement of water in soil due to a temperature gradient[J].Soil Science,1952,72:335-344
[102]韩晓非,柳云龙,吕军等.土壤水热耦合运移数值模型研究进展[J].土壤通报,2001,32(4):151-154
[103]Philip J R , Vries D A.Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients[J].Transactions of America Geophysics Union,1957,38:222-231
[104]Milly C P D.Moisture and heat transfer in hysteretic,in homogeneous porous media: A matrix head-based formulation and a numerical model[J].Water Resources resourse,1982,18(3):489-498
[105]Milly C P D.A simulation analysis of thermal effects on evaporation from soil[J].Water Resources resourse,1984,20(8):1087-1098
[106]Nassar I N,Robert Horton.Water transport in unsaturated noniso-thermal salty soil:Ⅰ.experimental results[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53:1323-1329
[107]Nassar I N,Robert Horton.Water transport in unsaturated noniso-thermal salty soil:Ⅱ. theoretical development[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53:1330-1337
[108]Nassar I N,Globus A M,Robert Horton.Simultaneous soil heat and water transfer[J]. Soil Science,1992,154(6):465-472
[109]Taylor S A,Lary J W.Linear equations for the simultaneous flux of matter and energy in a continuous soil system[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding,1964,28:167-172
[110]Cassle D K,Nielsen D R,Bigger J W.Soil-water movement in response to imposed temperature gradients[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding, 1969,33:483-500
[111]Jackson R D,Reginato R J,Nakayama F S.Diurnal soil water evaporation:comparison of measured and calculated soil-water fluxes[J].Science Society of America Proceeding,1974,38:861-866
[112]林家鼎,孙菽芬.土壤内水分流动、温度分布及其表面蒸发效应的研究-土壤表面蒸发阻抗的探讨[J].水利学报,1983,28(7):1-8
[113]蔡树英,张瑜芳.温度影响下土壤水分蒸发的数值分析[J].水利学报,1992,37(11):1-8
[114]随红建,曾德超,陈发祖.不同覆盖条件对土壤水热分布影响的计算机模拟:I.数学模型[J].地理学报,1992,37(1):74-79
[115]随红建,曾德超,陈发祖.不同覆盖条件对土壤水热分布影响的计算机模拟:Ⅱ.有限元分折及应用[J].地理学报,1992,47(2):18l-187
[116]康绍忠,熊运章,王振镒.土壤-植物-大气连续体水分运移力能关系的田间试验研究[J].水利学报,1990,35(7):1-9
[117]康绍忠,刘晓明,张国瑜.作物覆盖条件下的水热运移的模拟研究[J].水利学报,1993,38(3):11-17,27
[118]任理,张瑜芳,沈荣开.条带覆盖下土壤水热动态的田间试验及模型建立[J].水利学报,1998,43(2):1-9
[119]谢定义.试论我国黄土力学研究中的若干新趋势[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(1):1-13
[120]陈正汉,刘祖典.黄土的湿陷变形机理[J].岩土工程学报,1986,8(2):1-12
[121]张苏民,张炜.减湿和增湿时黄土的湿陷性[J].岩土工程学报,1992,14(1):57-61
[122]党进谦,李靖.含水量对非饱和黄土强度的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,1996,24(1):56-60
[123]张伯平,袁海智,王力.含水量对黄土结构强度影响的定量分析[J].西北农业大学学报,1994,22(1):54-60
[124]陈希泉,李茂坤,龙安宝.在温度梯度作用下膨胀土水分转移的性状[A].见:第4届全国土力学及基础工程论文集[C].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[125]缪林昌,仲晓晨.膨胀土的强度与含水量的关系[J].岩土力学,1999,20(2):71-75
[126]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[127]王铁行,陆海红.温度影响下的非饱和黄土水分迁移问题探讨[J].岩土力学,2004,25(7):1081-1084
[128]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土土力学[M].陈仲颐,张在明,陈愈炯等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997,47
[129]邢义川.非饱和土的有效应力与变形-强度特性规律的研究:[西安理工大学博士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学,2001,17-23
[130]И.Л.马尔哈辛著,李殿文译.油层物理化学机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1987
[131]贺承祖,华明琪.油气藏物理化学[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,1995
[132]Derjaguin B V,et al.Structure Component of Disjoining Pressure.JCIS,1974,12
[133]贺承祖,华明琪.油气储层中的水膜[J].油田化学,1993,3(10):272-276
[134]ANANDARAIAH A,CHEN J.Van Der.Walls attractive force between clay particles in water and contamin- ants[J].soil Foundations,1997,37(2):27-37
[135]何开胜,沈珠江.结构性土的微观变形和机理研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(2):161-165
[136]罗戴A A.土壤水[M].巴逢辰,等译.北京:北京科学出版社,1964,56-61
[137]戚国庆,黄润秋.土水特征曲线的通用数学模型研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(2):182-186
[138]Fredlund,D G,Xing.An equations for the soil-water characteristic curve [J].Can. Geotech.J,1994,31:521-532
[139]将刚,林鲁生,刘祖德,等.考虑非饱和土强度的边坡稳定分析方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(A01):1070-1074
[140]徐永福,董平.非饱和土的水分特征曲线的分形模型[J].岩土力学,2002,23(4):400-405
[141]刘晓敏,赵慧丽,王连俊.非饱和粉质粘土的土水特性试验研究[J].地下空间,2001,21(5):375-378
[142]王康,张仁铎,王富庆.基于不完全分形理论的土壤水分特征曲线模型[J].水利学报,2004,49(5):1-7
[143]孟黔灵,姚海林,邱伦锋.吸力对非饱和土抗剪强度的贡献[J].岩土力学,2001,22(4):423-431
[144]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土土力学[M].陈仲颐,张在明,陈愈炯等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997,28
[145]卢肇钧,吴肖茗,陈建华等.膨胀力在非饱和土强度理论中的作用[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(5):20-27
[146]沈珠江.广义吸力和非饱和土的统一变形理论[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(2):1-9
[147]汤连生,王思敬.湿吸力及非饱和土的有效应力原理探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):83-88
[148]卢肇钧.非饱和土抗剪强度的探索研究[J].中国铁道科学,1999,20(2):10-15
[149]罗戴A A.土壤水[M].巴逢辰,等译.北京:科学出版社,1964,41-43
[150]程金茹,郭择德,郭大波.非饱和土壤特性参数获取方法[J].水文地质工程地质,1996,23(2):9-13
[151]Wen-Bin Young.Analysis of capillary flows in non-uniform cross-sectional capillaries[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng.Aspects 234,2004, 123-128
[152]华孟,王坚.土壤物理学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[153]蔚榛.包气带水分运移问题讲座[J].水文地质工程地质,1981,25(3):1-5
[154]吴大任.微分几何讲义(第四版) [M].北京:高等教育出版社,1981
[155]赵国玺.表面活性荆物理化学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1984
[156]Fredlund D G,Rahardjo H.Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons,1993
[157]葛士福.降速干燥阶段毛细多孔体湿含量与其中水液面蒸汽分压间关系的探讨[C].见:1988中国工程热物理学会传热传质学术会议论文集.北京:科学出版社,1988,59-63
[158]丁贝尔著,李竞生,陈崇希译.多孔介质流体动力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983,125-127
[159]N. Depountis M.C.R,Davies C.Harris,S.Burkhart L.,etc..Centrifuge modeling of capillary rise[J].Engineering Geology,2001,60:95-106
[160]Williams J,UYANG Ying.Estimation of infiltration rate in vadose zone:Application of selected mathematical models[Z].Washington : Washington Environmental Protection Agency,1998
[161]David A. DiCarlo.Drainage in finite-sized unsaturated zones[J].Advances in Water Resources,2003,26:1257-1266
[162]Fouad Bayomy , Hassan Salem.Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture or Pavement Design and Rehabilitation in Idaho (Phase III:Data Collection and Analysis)[J].National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho,2005,48-64
[163]Lumb,P.B..Slope failures in Hong Kong[J].Q.J. Engineering Geologist,1975,34(8):31-65
[164]Pradel D,Raad,G..Effect of permeability on surficial stability of homogeneous slopes[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1993,119(2):315–332
[165]Jaehong Kim , Sangseom Jeong , Seongwan Park , etc..Influence of rainfall-induced wetting on the stability of slopes in weathered soils[J].Engineering Geology,2004,75:251-262
[166]刘朴.快速干道综合排水系统的研究[D]:[同济大学博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2004
[167]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998,34-38
[168]谭新,陈善雄,杨明.降雨条件下土坡饱和-非饱和渗流分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(3):381-383
[169]Jaehong Kima,Sangseom Jeonga,Seongwan Parkb,etc..Influence of rainfall induced wetting on the stability of slopes in weathered soils[J].Engineering Geology,2004,75:251-262
[170]Hopmans J.W. , Schukking H. , Torfs P.J.J.F..Two-dimensional steady unsaturated water flow in heterogeneous soils with autocorelated soil hydraulic properties[J].Water Resour. Res. 1998,24 (12):2005-2017
[171]Jarvis N.J.,Jansson P-E.,Dik P.E.,etc..Modelling water and solute transport in macroporous soil. I. Model description and sensitivity analysis[J].J. Soil Sci. 1991,42:59-70
[172]Holtan , H.N.A concept for infiltration estimates in water shed engineering[J].USDA-ARS,1961,41-51
[173]Putkonen J..Determination of frozen soil thermal properties by heated needle probe. Permafr[J].Periglac. Process,2003,14:343-347
[174]J.R.Rigby,A. Porporato.Simplified stochastic soil-moisture models:a look at infiltration [J].Hydrol.Earth Syst.Sci.,2006,10:861-871
[175]Philip,J.R.The Theory of Infiltration of Sorptivity and algebraic infiltration equations[J].Soil Sci.,1957,84:257-264
[176] Liu M. C.,Parlange,J. Y.,Sivapalan,M.,etc..A note on the time compression approximation[J].Water Resour.Res.,1998,34:3683–3686
[177]Klas Hansson.Water and heat transpot in road structure[M].UPPSALA Universitet,2003
[178]王秀艳,刘长礼.对粘性土孔隙水渗流规律本质的新认识[J].地球学报,2003,24(1):91-95
[179]周志芳,王锦国.裂隙介质水动力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004,29-32,73
[180]孙讷正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1981,31-32
[181]陈永平,施明恒.基于分行理论的多孔介质渗透率的研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2000,40(12):94-97
[182]Abdel-Rahman M.Shurbaji , Fred M.Phillips , Andrew R.Campbell , etc.. Application of a numerical model for simulating water flow,isotope transport,and heat transfer in the unsaturated zone[J].Journal of Hydrology,1995,171:143-163
[183]Adrian S S,Tao Y-X,Liu G GV.Effective thermal conductivity for anisotropic granular porous media using fractal concepts A[C].A SM E Proc 32nd National Heat Transfer Conf C.N ew York:ASM E Publication,1997:121-128
[184]刘松玉,方磊,陈浩东.论我国特殊土粒度分布的分形结构[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(1):23-30
[185]Anderson A N,M cBratneyA B,Fitzpatrick EA,etc..Soil Mass,Surface,and Spectral Fractal Dimensions Established from Thin Section Photographs J [J].Soil Sci SocAM J,1996,60:962-969
[186]Orbach R.Dynamics of Fractal Networks[J].Theory Science,1986,231:814-819
[187]Chen Yongpin,Shi Mingheng.Determination of Effective Thermal Conductivity for Real Porous,Media Using Fractal Theory[J].Thermal Sci,1999,8(2):102-107
[188]黄文熙.土的工程性质[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[189]杨果林,刘义虎.膨胀土路基含水量在不同气候条件下的变化规律模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4524-4533
[190]王尚国,陶兆祥,金会军等.从土的导热系数影响因素探讨其可变性.见:第五届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上册).兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996
[191]黄洪峰.土壤?植物?大气相互作用原理及模拟研究[M].北京:气象出版社,1997
[192]潘守文.小气候考察的理论基础及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1989,151-154
[193]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J] .岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[194]华孟,王坚主编.土壤物理学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[195]刘炳成,刘伟,李庆领.温度效应对非饱和土壤中湿分迁移影响的实验[J].华东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(4):106-108
[196]Haridasan M,J ensen R D.Effect of temperature on pressure head-water content relationship and conductivity of two soils[J].Soil Sci Soc Amer J,1972,36:7032708
[197]Cray J W.Soil moisture transport due to thermal gradients : practical aspects[J].Soil Science Sco AmerPro,1966,30:428-433
[198]易福华.地膜内由温度梯度引起的土壤水分运动及其应用[J].中国农业科学,1988,21(1):27-32
[199]刘思春,张一平,朱建楚等.温度对非饱和土壤水分运动的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,2000,28(4):28-33
[200]徐学祖,王家澄,张立新等.温度梯度诱导薄膜水迁移的冻胀机理[J].科学通报,1997,42(9):956-959
[201]刘思春,白锦鳞,张一平等.温度梯度对非饱和土壤水分运动的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,1994,22(1):45-50
[202]Eckert E R G,Pfender E.Heat and mass transfer in porous media with phase change[C].Proc The Sixth Int Heat Trans Conf .Canada,1978
[203]陈振乾,施明恒.大气对流对土壤内热和水分迁移影响的数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(3):117-122
[204]李继红,刘花云,巩贵仁.研究包气带水分运移常用理论方法存在的问题浅议[J].勘察科学技术,2001,19(3):37-40
[205]刘伟.资源-环境-植物系统中热物理问题的理论与实验研究:[华中科技大学博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[206]王选仓.沙漠地区路基路面温度场暨路面工作环境温度指标研究:[长安大学博士学位论文].长安:长安大学,2006
[207]严作人.层状路面体系的温度场分析[J].同济大学学报,1984,28(3):76-85
[208]郭宽良.计算传热学[M].安徽:中国科学技术大学出版社,1988
[209]葛绍岩,那鸿扰.热辐射性质及其测量[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1989
[210]朱林楠.高原冻土区不同下垫面的附面层研究[J].冰川冻土,1998,10 (1):35-39
[211]徐学祖,王家澄,张立新.冻土物理学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2001
[212]Mr. Robert (Bob) Smith,PE.Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture for Pavement Design and ehabilitation in Idaho Phase III: Data Collection and Analysis[R].Amei. : National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho,Idaho Transportation Department,2005
[213]Ping Liu , Zhang Yang , Horhota.EFFECTS OF HIGH GROUNDWATER TABLE AND CAPILLARY RISE ON PAVEMENT BASE CLEARANCE OF GRANULAR SUBGRADES[C].Washington,D.C.:Transportation Research Board. 81st Annual Meeting,2002
[214]邓友生,徐学组.非饱和土壤水扩散系数的变化特征.冰川冻土,1994,16(3):251-258
[2] Jin M S,Lee KW,Kovacs WD.Seasonal variation of resilient modulus of subgrade soils[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,1994,120(4):603-616
[3] Valaa E I K,Kenneth O A..Assessing seasonal variations in cohesive subgrade soils[A].International Symposiumon Stubdrainage in Road way Pavements and Subgrades[C]. [s.l]:World Road Association,1998,803-822
[4] Wai Y Y G,Jorge A C.Soil suction and insitu resilient modulus-A study devaloped at a full-scale pavement test facility in southern Brazil[A]. International Symposium on Subdrainage in Roadway Pavements and Subgrades[C]. [s.l.]:World Road Association,1998,129-135
[5] Wai Y Y G,Jorge A C.A study of the influence of suction on the resilient modulus of pavement subgrade soils[A].International Symposium on Subdrainage in Roadway Pavements and Subgrades[C].[s.l.] : World Road Association,1998,137-144
[6] Ping WV.Effect of moisture on resilience characteristics of compacted granular subgrades[Z/CD]([I]):77th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board,1998
[7] Ping WV.Effect of moisture on resilience characteristics of compacted granular subgrades[Z/CD]([II]) : 77th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board,1998
[8] National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho. Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture for Pavement Design and Rehabilitation in Idaho(Phase III:Data Collection and Analysis):2005
[9]代寒松,盛煜,陈继.青藏公路路基纵向裂缝病害及其发生规律[J].公路,2006,12(1):85-88
[10] Klas Hansson.Water and heat transport in road structure[M].UPPSALA Universitet,2003
[11]田开铭,陈明佑,王海林.裂隙水偏流[M].北京:学苑出版社,1989,145-152
[12]王永红,王育平,尹增德等.采动土体裂隙水流运动特征的研究[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(6):566-571
[13]王育平,王永红.水-土相互作用对土体裂隙水流的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(5):554-557
[14]王绍令.冻土退化与青藏高原环境问题的探讨[C].见:第五届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上).甘肃:文化出版社,1996,11-l8
[15]翁家杰,周希圣.冻结土体的水分迁移和固结作用[J].地下工程与隧道,1999,9(1):2-8
[16] Bickel John O,Kuesel T R.Tunnel Engineering Handtood[M].Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,1982
[17] Lyle Prunty , A.M..Soil Water Heat of Transport[J].JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING,2002,6:435-440
[18]毛雪松,王秉纲,胡长顺.多年冻土路基水分迁移热力学性能分析[J] .路基工程,2006,24(4):1-4
[19]毛雪松,胡长顺,窦明建等.正冻土中分水场和温度场耦合过程的动态观测与分析[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(1):55-59
[20]杨诗秀.土壤冻结状态下水热耦合的数值计算[J].清华大学学报,1987,2(3):20-27
[21]洪毓康.土质学与土力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1997,36-37
[22]唐红梅,陈洪凯,叶四桥.新疆天山公路翻浆土体毛细特性试验研究[J].重庆交通学院学报,2003,22(4):45-48
[23]冯炜炜,陆会清,姚力.浅谈土的不同物质组成对毛细性的影响[J].新疆有色金属,2004,29(2):16-18
[24]董加瑞,王昂生.毛细作用下土壤水分扩散特性研究及试验[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(1):50-57
[25]翁通.盐渍土毛细水作用及击实特性研究:[长安大学硕士论文].长安:长安大学,2006,23-31
[26]方云.毛细体系中界面力平衡方程的通式及其应用[J].无锡轻工大学学报,1996,15(2):134-139
[27]李锐,赵文光,陈善雄.基于GEO-SLOPE的膨胀土路基毛细水上升分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2006,23(s1):36-39
[28] Lane,K. S.,Washburn,S. E..Capillary tests by capillarimeter and by soil filled tubes[J].Proc. Highway Research Board,1996,26,460-473
[29] N Lu , W.J.Likos.Rate of Capillary Rise in Soil[J].JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICALAND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2004,130(6):646-650
[30] S.Assouline.A model for soil relative hydraulic conductivity based on the waterretention characteristic curve[J].Water Reources Research, 2001, 37(2):265-271
[31]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988,87-89
[32] Jordi Grifoll , Josep Ma.Gasto , Yoram Cohen.Non-isothermal soil water transport and evaporation[J].Advances in Water Res.,2005,28:1254-1266
[33] Rubin,J.Theoretical analysis of two-dimensionaltransient flow of water in unsaturatedand partly unsaturated soils[J].Proc.SoilSci.Soc.A mer.,1998,32(2):607-615
[34] T. Vogela,H.H. Gerkeb,R. Zhangc,M.Th. Van Genuchtend.Modeling flow and transport in a two-dimensional dual-permeability system with spatially variable hydraulic properties[J].Journal of Hydrology,2000,238:78-89
[35] Mohanty.B.P. , Bowman.R.S. , Hendrickx , etc..New piecewise-continuous hydraulic functions for modeling preferential flow in an intermittent flood-irrigated field[J].Water Resour. Res.,1997,33 (9):2049-2063
[36] Liu,H.H,Doughty C.,Bodvarsson G.S..An active fracture model for unsaturated flow and transport in fractured rocks[J].Water Resour. Res.,1998,34 (10):2633-2646
[37] Dekker L.,Ritsema C..How water moves in a water repellent sandy soil:1. Potential and actual water repellency[J].Water Resour.Res. , 1994 , 30 :2507-2517
[38]赤井浩一,大西有三,西垣诚.有限要素法饱和-不饱和的浸透流解析[R].见:土木学会论文报告集,1977,87-96
[39] Fredlund D G,Morgenstern N R,Widger A.Shear stength of unsaturated soils[J].Can. Geotech.J.,1978,15:313-321
[40] L.Lam, D. G.Fredlund , S.L.Barbour.Transient seepage model for saturat ed-unsaturated soil systems : a geotechnical engineering approach[J]. Geotechnique,1987,24:565-580
[41]黄俊,苏向明,汪炜平.土坝饱和-非饱和渗流数值分析方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(5):30-39
[42] T.T .L im,H.Rahardjo,M.F.Chang,etc..Effect of rainfall on matric suctions in a residual soil slope[J].Can.Geotech.J,1996,33:618-628
[43]张家发.三维饱和非饱和稳定非稳定渗流场的有限元模拟[J].长江科学院院报.1997,14(3):35-38
[44]陈虹,陈彤.堤坝饱和-非饱和渗流数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展,1997,12 (3):356-364
[45]陈善雄,陈守义.考虑降雨的非饱和土边坡稳定性分析方法[J].岩土力学,2001,22 (4):44-45
[46]陈守义.考虑入渗和蒸发影响的土坡稳定性分析方法[J].岩土力学,1997,18(2):8-22
[47]朱伟,山村和野.雨水、洪水渗透时河堤的稳定性[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21 (4):414-419
[48]吴梦喜,高莲士.饱和-非饱和非稳定渗流数值分析[J].水利学报,1999,44(12):38-42
[49]朱军,刘光廷,陆述远.饱和非饱和三维多孔介质非稳定渗流分析[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2001,34(3):5-9
[50] Freeze,R.A.and Cherry,J.A.Groundwater.England Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall,1979
[51] Forsyth,P.A .Comparison of the single-phase and two-phase numerical model for mulation for saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow[J].Computer Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg,1988,69:243-259
[52]邵龙潭,王助贫,关立军,等.非饱和土中水流入渗和气体排出过程的求解[J].2000,11 (l):8-13
[53] B.J. Dempsey.A mathematical model for predicting coupled heat and water movement in unsaturated soil[J].Int. J. Numer. Anal.Meth. Geomech,1978,2: 319-324
[54] J.R. Philip,D.A. De Vries.Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients[J].Trans. Am. Geophys.Union,1957,38 (2):222-232
[55]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[56]陈善雄.非饱和土热湿耦合传输问题的模型试验与数值模拟:[中科院武汉岩土力学研究所硕士论文].武汉:中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,1991,44-49
[57]张字纶,陈守义.用积分有限差分方法求解土壤中热量和水分的耦合流动问题.见:第三界全国岩土力学数值分析和解析方法讨论会论文集,1988,247-364
[58]陈善雄,陈守义.非饱和土热湿耦合传输问题的数值解[J].岩土力学,1992,13(1):39-50
[59] Fremond M,Mikkola M.Thermomechanical of freeing soil.Proceedings of the Sixth Internatioal Symposium on Ground freezing Rotterdam:A.A. balklema,1991
[60]陆海红.黄土温度场和水分迁移场及其耦合问题的研究:[西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2003,23-28
[61] H.R. Radhakrishna,K-C. Lau,A.M Crawford.Coupled heat and moisture flow through soils[J].Geotech. Eng.,ASCE ,1984,110 (12):1766-1784
[62] H.R. Thomas,C.L.W. Li.An assessment of model of heat and moisture transfer in unsaturated soil[J].Geotechnique,1997,47 (1):113-131
[63] H.R. Thomas,W.F.Ferguson.A fully coupled heat and mass transfer model incorporating contaminate gas transfer in an unsaturated porous medium[J]. omput. Geotech.,1999,24 (1):65-87
[64] D.S. Freitas,A.T. Prata,A.J. De Lima.Thermal performance of underground cables with constant and cyclic currents in presence of moisture migration in the surrounding soil[J].Trans. Power Delivery IEEE,1996,11 (3):1159-1170.
[65] G.P. Newman,G. Ward Wilson.Heat and mass transfer in unsaturated soils during freezing[J].Can.Geotech.J,1997,3:63-70
[66] H.A. Basha,A.P.S. Selvadurai.Heat-induced moisture transport in the vicinity of a spherical heat source[J].Int. J. Numer. Anal.Meth. Geomech,1998,22:969-981
[67] A.J.Raudkivi,V.V.Nguyen.Soil moisture movement by temperature gradient[J]. Geotech. Eng.,ASCE,1976,102 (GT12):1225-1244
[68] J.C. Hartley,W.J. Black.Transient simultaneous heat and mass transfer in moist unsaturated soils[J].Heat Transfer,ASME. 1981,103:376-382
[69] J.Y. Baladi,D.L. Ayers,R.J. Schoenhals.Transient heat and mass transfer in soils[J].Heat Mass Transfer,1981,24:449-458
[70] J. Ewen.Thermal instability in gently heated unsaturated sand[J].Heat Mass Transfer,1988,31:1701-1710
[71] Federal Highway Administration.TPP Seasonal Monitoring Program : Instrumentation Installation and Data Collection Guidelines.FHWA-RD-94- 110,Research and Development,Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center,6300 Georgetown Pike,McLean,1994,2101-2296
[72] Fredlund,D.G.,A. Xing.Equation For The Soil-Water Characteristic Curve. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31:521-532
[73] Fredlund,D.G.,A. Xing and S. Huang.Predicting The Permeability Function For Unsaturated Soils Using The Soil-Water Characteristic Curve.Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1994,31:533-546
[74]李宁,程国栋,徐学祖等.冻土力学的研究进展与思考[J].力学进展,2001,31(1):95-102
[75]徐绍新.季节冻土区水工建筑物抗冻害技术研究的成就与展望[A].见:第5届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上)[C].兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996,291-298
[76]朱林楠,吴紫旺,臧恩穆.冻土退化与道路工程[A].见:第5届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上)[C].兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996,333-340
[77]喻文学,武敬民.青藏公路多年冻土区沥青路面路基临界高度问题[J].西安公路学院学报,1986,6(1):25-42
[78]吴紫汪,朱林楠,郭兴民等.青藏公路多年冻土区路堤的临界高度[J].冰川冻土,1988,10(1):36-43
[79]黄小铭.青藏高原多年冻土区铁路路堤临界高度的确定[A].见:第2届全国冻土学术会议论文选集[C].兰州:甘肃人民出版社,1983,391-397
[80]王铁行,窦明健,胡长顺.多年冻土地区路基临界高度研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(4):94-98
[81] Kay B D M,Fukuda.The importance of water migrationin the measurements of the thermal conductivity of unsaturated frozen soils[J].Cold Region Science andTechnology,1981,6(5):95-106
[82] Cary J W.A new method for calculating frost heave incluseing solute effects[J].Water Resources Research,1987,23:1620-1624
[83] Nassar I.N.,Benjamin J.G.,Horton R..Thermally induced moisture movement in uniform clayey[J].Soil Science,1996,161(8):471-479
[84] Guymon G,Berg R,Hromadka T.A one-dimensional frost heave model based upon simulation of simultaneous heatand water flux[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1980,3:253-263
[85] Shen Mu,Ladanyi B.Modelling of coupled heat,moisture and stress field in freezing soil[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1987,14:237-246.
[86] Kim , S..Coupled Heat and Moisture Flow Analysis in Unsaturated Soil[D].Toledo:Department of Civil Engineering,University of Toledo,OH,2002
[87] Larson,G.,B. J. Dempsey.Enhanced Integrated Climatic Model Version 2.0,DTFA MN/DOT 72114,1997
[88] Lytton,R. L.,C. H. Pufahl,H. S. Michalak,eyc..An Integrated Model of the Climatic Effects on Pavements[J].FHWA-RD-90-033,1993
[89] Newman,G. P.,G. W. Wilson.Heat And Mass Transfer In Unsaturated Soils During Freezing[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1997,34:63-70
[90] Ohio University.Instrumentation Plan for the Ohio SPS Test Pavement (DEL-23-17.48).Center for Geotechnical and Environmental Research,Civil Engineering Department,1994
[91] Konrad J M , Morgenstern N R.The segregation potential of a freezing soil[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1981,18:482-491
[92]苗天德,郭力,牛永红等.正冻土中水热迁移问题的混合物理论模型[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(S):8-14
[93]陈飞熊,李宁,程国栋.饱和正冻土多孔多相介质的理论构架[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):213-217
[94]李宁,陈波,陈飞熊.冻土路基温度场、水分场、变形场三场耦合分析[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(10):66-71
[95] Gardner W R.Solution of the flow equation for the drying of soils and the porous media[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding,1959,23:183-187
[96] Hopmans J W,Dane J H.Temperature dependence of soil water retention curves[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1986,50:562-567
[97]张一平,白锦鳞,张君常等.温度对土壤水势影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1990,27(4):454-458
[98]张富仓,张一平,张君常.温度对土壤水发保持影响的研究[J].土壤学报,1997,34(2):160-169
[99]姚贤良,程云生.土壤物理学[M].北京:农业出版社,1986
[100] P.P. Overduin,D.L. Kane,W.K.P. van Loon.Measuring thermal conductivity in freezing and thawing soil using the soil temperature response to heating[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology,2006,45:8-22
[101]Gurr C G,Marshall T J,Hutton J T.Movement of water in soil due to a temperature gradient[J].Soil Science,1952,72:335-344
[102]韩晓非,柳云龙,吕军等.土壤水热耦合运移数值模型研究进展[J].土壤通报,2001,32(4):151-154
[103]Philip J R , Vries D A.Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients[J].Transactions of America Geophysics Union,1957,38:222-231
[104]Milly C P D.Moisture and heat transfer in hysteretic,in homogeneous porous media: A matrix head-based formulation and a numerical model[J].Water Resources resourse,1982,18(3):489-498
[105]Milly C P D.A simulation analysis of thermal effects on evaporation from soil[J].Water Resources resourse,1984,20(8):1087-1098
[106]Nassar I N,Robert Horton.Water transport in unsaturated noniso-thermal salty soil:Ⅰ.experimental results[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53:1323-1329
[107]Nassar I N,Robert Horton.Water transport in unsaturated noniso-thermal salty soil:Ⅱ. theoretical development[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53:1330-1337
[108]Nassar I N,Globus A M,Robert Horton.Simultaneous soil heat and water transfer[J]. Soil Science,1992,154(6):465-472
[109]Taylor S A,Lary J W.Linear equations for the simultaneous flux of matter and energy in a continuous soil system[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding,1964,28:167-172
[110]Cassle D K,Nielsen D R,Bigger J W.Soil-water movement in response to imposed temperature gradients[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceeding, 1969,33:483-500
[111]Jackson R D,Reginato R J,Nakayama F S.Diurnal soil water evaporation:comparison of measured and calculated soil-water fluxes[J].Science Society of America Proceeding,1974,38:861-866
[112]林家鼎,孙菽芬.土壤内水分流动、温度分布及其表面蒸发效应的研究-土壤表面蒸发阻抗的探讨[J].水利学报,1983,28(7):1-8
[113]蔡树英,张瑜芳.温度影响下土壤水分蒸发的数值分析[J].水利学报,1992,37(11):1-8
[114]随红建,曾德超,陈发祖.不同覆盖条件对土壤水热分布影响的计算机模拟:I.数学模型[J].地理学报,1992,37(1):74-79
[115]随红建,曾德超,陈发祖.不同覆盖条件对土壤水热分布影响的计算机模拟:Ⅱ.有限元分折及应用[J].地理学报,1992,47(2):18l-187
[116]康绍忠,熊运章,王振镒.土壤-植物-大气连续体水分运移力能关系的田间试验研究[J].水利学报,1990,35(7):1-9
[117]康绍忠,刘晓明,张国瑜.作物覆盖条件下的水热运移的模拟研究[J].水利学报,1993,38(3):11-17,27
[118]任理,张瑜芳,沈荣开.条带覆盖下土壤水热动态的田间试验及模型建立[J].水利学报,1998,43(2):1-9
[119]谢定义.试论我国黄土力学研究中的若干新趋势[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(1):1-13
[120]陈正汉,刘祖典.黄土的湿陷变形机理[J].岩土工程学报,1986,8(2):1-12
[121]张苏民,张炜.减湿和增湿时黄土的湿陷性[J].岩土工程学报,1992,14(1):57-61
[122]党进谦,李靖.含水量对非饱和黄土强度的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,1996,24(1):56-60
[123]张伯平,袁海智,王力.含水量对黄土结构强度影响的定量分析[J].西北农业大学学报,1994,22(1):54-60
[124]陈希泉,李茂坤,龙安宝.在温度梯度作用下膨胀土水分转移的性状[A].见:第4届全国土力学及基础工程论文集[C].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[125]缪林昌,仲晓晨.膨胀土的强度与含水量的关系[J].岩土力学,1999,20(2):71-75
[126]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[127]王铁行,陆海红.温度影响下的非饱和黄土水分迁移问题探讨[J].岩土力学,2004,25(7):1081-1084
[128]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土土力学[M].陈仲颐,张在明,陈愈炯等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997,47
[129]邢义川.非饱和土的有效应力与变形-强度特性规律的研究:[西安理工大学博士学位论文].西安:西安理工大学,2001,17-23
[130]И.Л.马尔哈辛著,李殿文译.油层物理化学机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1987
[131]贺承祖,华明琪.油气藏物理化学[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,1995
[132]Derjaguin B V,et al.Structure Component of Disjoining Pressure.JCIS,1974,12
[133]贺承祖,华明琪.油气储层中的水膜[J].油田化学,1993,3(10):272-276
[134]ANANDARAIAH A,CHEN J.Van Der.Walls attractive force between clay particles in water and contamin- ants[J].soil Foundations,1997,37(2):27-37
[135]何开胜,沈珠江.结构性土的微观变形和机理研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(2):161-165
[136]罗戴A A.土壤水[M].巴逢辰,等译.北京:北京科学出版社,1964,56-61
[137]戚国庆,黄润秋.土水特征曲线的通用数学模型研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(2):182-186
[138]Fredlund,D G,Xing.An equations for the soil-water characteristic curve [J].Can. Geotech.J,1994,31:521-532
[139]将刚,林鲁生,刘祖德,等.考虑非饱和土强度的边坡稳定分析方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(A01):1070-1074
[140]徐永福,董平.非饱和土的水分特征曲线的分形模型[J].岩土力学,2002,23(4):400-405
[141]刘晓敏,赵慧丽,王连俊.非饱和粉质粘土的土水特性试验研究[J].地下空间,2001,21(5):375-378
[142]王康,张仁铎,王富庆.基于不完全分形理论的土壤水分特征曲线模型[J].水利学报,2004,49(5):1-7
[143]孟黔灵,姚海林,邱伦锋.吸力对非饱和土抗剪强度的贡献[J].岩土力学,2001,22(4):423-431
[144]弗雷德隆德D G,拉哈尔佐H.非饱和土土力学[M].陈仲颐,张在明,陈愈炯等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997,28
[145]卢肇钧,吴肖茗,陈建华等.膨胀力在非饱和土强度理论中的作用[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(5):20-27
[146]沈珠江.广义吸力和非饱和土的统一变形理论[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(2):1-9
[147]汤连生,王思敬.湿吸力及非饱和土的有效应力原理探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):83-88
[148]卢肇钧.非饱和土抗剪强度的探索研究[J].中国铁道科学,1999,20(2):10-15
[149]罗戴A A.土壤水[M].巴逢辰,等译.北京:科学出版社,1964,41-43
[150]程金茹,郭择德,郭大波.非饱和土壤特性参数获取方法[J].水文地质工程地质,1996,23(2):9-13
[151]Wen-Bin Young.Analysis of capillary flows in non-uniform cross-sectional capillaries[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng.Aspects 234,2004, 123-128
[152]华孟,王坚.土壤物理学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[153]蔚榛.包气带水分运移问题讲座[J].水文地质工程地质,1981,25(3):1-5
[154]吴大任.微分几何讲义(第四版) [M].北京:高等教育出版社,1981
[155]赵国玺.表面活性荆物理化学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1984
[156]Fredlund D G,Rahardjo H.Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons,1993
[157]葛士福.降速干燥阶段毛细多孔体湿含量与其中水液面蒸汽分压间关系的探讨[C].见:1988中国工程热物理学会传热传质学术会议论文集.北京:科学出版社,1988,59-63
[158]丁贝尔著,李竞生,陈崇希译.多孔介质流体动力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983,125-127
[159]N. Depountis M.C.R,Davies C.Harris,S.Burkhart L.,etc..Centrifuge modeling of capillary rise[J].Engineering Geology,2001,60:95-106
[160]Williams J,UYANG Ying.Estimation of infiltration rate in vadose zone:Application of selected mathematical models[Z].Washington : Washington Environmental Protection Agency,1998
[161]David A. DiCarlo.Drainage in finite-sized unsaturated zones[J].Advances in Water Resources,2003,26:1257-1266
[162]Fouad Bayomy , Hassan Salem.Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture or Pavement Design and Rehabilitation in Idaho (Phase III:Data Collection and Analysis)[J].National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho,2005,48-64
[163]Lumb,P.B..Slope failures in Hong Kong[J].Q.J. Engineering Geologist,1975,34(8):31-65
[164]Pradel D,Raad,G..Effect of permeability on surficial stability of homogeneous slopes[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1993,119(2):315–332
[165]Jaehong Kim , Sangseom Jeong , Seongwan Park , etc..Influence of rainfall-induced wetting on the stability of slopes in weathered soils[J].Engineering Geology,2004,75:251-262
[166]刘朴.快速干道综合排水系统的研究[D]:[同济大学博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2004
[167]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998,34-38
[168]谭新,陈善雄,杨明.降雨条件下土坡饱和-非饱和渗流分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(3):381-383
[169]Jaehong Kima,Sangseom Jeonga,Seongwan Parkb,etc..Influence of rainfall induced wetting on the stability of slopes in weathered soils[J].Engineering Geology,2004,75:251-262
[170]Hopmans J.W. , Schukking H. , Torfs P.J.J.F..Two-dimensional steady unsaturated water flow in heterogeneous soils with autocorelated soil hydraulic properties[J].Water Resour. Res. 1998,24 (12):2005-2017
[171]Jarvis N.J.,Jansson P-E.,Dik P.E.,etc..Modelling water and solute transport in macroporous soil. I. Model description and sensitivity analysis[J].J. Soil Sci. 1991,42:59-70
[172]Holtan , H.N.A concept for infiltration estimates in water shed engineering[J].USDA-ARS,1961,41-51
[173]Putkonen J..Determination of frozen soil thermal properties by heated needle probe. Permafr[J].Periglac. Process,2003,14:343-347
[174]J.R.Rigby,A. Porporato.Simplified stochastic soil-moisture models:a look at infiltration [J].Hydrol.Earth Syst.Sci.,2006,10:861-871
[175]Philip,J.R.The Theory of Infiltration of Sorptivity and algebraic infiltration equations[J].Soil Sci.,1957,84:257-264
[176] Liu M. C.,Parlange,J. Y.,Sivapalan,M.,etc..A note on the time compression approximation[J].Water Resour.Res.,1998,34:3683–3686
[177]Klas Hansson.Water and heat transpot in road structure[M].UPPSALA Universitet,2003
[178]王秀艳,刘长礼.对粘性土孔隙水渗流规律本质的新认识[J].地球学报,2003,24(1):91-95
[179]周志芳,王锦国.裂隙介质水动力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004,29-32,73
[180]孙讷正.地下水流的数学模型和数值方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1981,31-32
[181]陈永平,施明恒.基于分行理论的多孔介质渗透率的研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2000,40(12):94-97
[182]Abdel-Rahman M.Shurbaji , Fred M.Phillips , Andrew R.Campbell , etc.. Application of a numerical model for simulating water flow,isotope transport,and heat transfer in the unsaturated zone[J].Journal of Hydrology,1995,171:143-163
[183]Adrian S S,Tao Y-X,Liu G GV.Effective thermal conductivity for anisotropic granular porous media using fractal concepts A[C].A SM E Proc 32nd National Heat Transfer Conf C.N ew York:ASM E Publication,1997:121-128
[184]刘松玉,方磊,陈浩东.论我国特殊土粒度分布的分形结构[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(1):23-30
[185]Anderson A N,M cBratneyA B,Fitzpatrick EA,etc..Soil Mass,Surface,and Spectral Fractal Dimensions Established from Thin Section Photographs J [J].Soil Sci SocAM J,1996,60:962-969
[186]Orbach R.Dynamics of Fractal Networks[J].Theory Science,1986,231:814-819
[187]Chen Yongpin,Shi Mingheng.Determination of Effective Thermal Conductivity for Real Porous,Media Using Fractal Theory[J].Thermal Sci,1999,8(2):102-107
[188]黄文熙.土的工程性质[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[189]杨果林,刘义虎.膨胀土路基含水量在不同气候条件下的变化规律模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4524-4533
[190]王尚国,陶兆祥,金会军等.从土的导热系数影响因素探讨其可变性.见:第五届全国冰川冻土学大会论文集(上册).兰州:甘肃文化出版社,1996
[191]黄洪峰.土壤?植物?大气相互作用原理及模拟研究[M].北京:气象出版社,1997
[192]潘守文.小气候考察的理论基础及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1989,151-154
[193]白冰,赵成刚.温度对粘性土介质力学特性的影响[J] .岩土力学,2003,24(4):533-537
[194]华孟,王坚主编.土壤物理学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993
[195]刘炳成,刘伟,李庆领.温度效应对非饱和土壤中湿分迁移影响的实验[J].华东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(4):106-108
[196]Haridasan M,J ensen R D.Effect of temperature on pressure head-water content relationship and conductivity of two soils[J].Soil Sci Soc Amer J,1972,36:7032708
[197]Cray J W.Soil moisture transport due to thermal gradients : practical aspects[J].Soil Science Sco AmerPro,1966,30:428-433
[198]易福华.地膜内由温度梯度引起的土壤水分运动及其应用[J].中国农业科学,1988,21(1):27-32
[199]刘思春,张一平,朱建楚等.温度对非饱和土壤水分运动的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,2000,28(4):28-33
[200]徐学祖,王家澄,张立新等.温度梯度诱导薄膜水迁移的冻胀机理[J].科学通报,1997,42(9):956-959
[201]刘思春,白锦鳞,张一平等.温度梯度对非饱和土壤水分运动的影响[J].西北农业大学学报,1994,22(1):45-50
[202]Eckert E R G,Pfender E.Heat and mass transfer in porous media with phase change[C].Proc The Sixth Int Heat Trans Conf .Canada,1978
[203]陈振乾,施明恒.大气对流对土壤内热和水分迁移影响的数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(3):117-122
[204]李继红,刘花云,巩贵仁.研究包气带水分运移常用理论方法存在的问题浅议[J].勘察科学技术,2001,19(3):37-40
[205]刘伟.资源-环境-植物系统中热物理问题的理论与实验研究:[华中科技大学博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[206]王选仓.沙漠地区路基路面温度场暨路面工作环境温度指标研究:[长安大学博士学位论文].长安:长安大学,2006
[207]严作人.层状路面体系的温度场分析[J].同济大学学报,1984,28(3):76-85
[208]郭宽良.计算传热学[M].安徽:中国科学技术大学出版社,1988
[209]葛绍岩,那鸿扰.热辐射性质及其测量[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1989
[210]朱林楠.高原冻土区不同下垫面的附面层研究[J].冰川冻土,1998,10 (1):35-39
[211]徐学祖,王家澄,张立新.冻土物理学[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2001
[212]Mr. Robert (Bob) Smith,PE.Monitoring and Modeling Subgrade Soil Moisture for Pavement Design and ehabilitation in Idaho Phase III: Data Collection and Analysis[R].Amei. : National Institute for Advanced Transportation Technology University of Idaho,Idaho Transportation Department,2005
[213]Ping Liu , Zhang Yang , Horhota.EFFECTS OF HIGH GROUNDWATER TABLE AND CAPILLARY RISE ON PAVEMENT BASE CLEARANCE OF GRANULAR SUBGRADES[C].Washington,D.C.:Transportation Research Board. 81st Annual Meeting,2002
[214]邓友生,徐学组.非饱和土壤水扩散系数的变化特征.冰川冻土,1994,16(3):251-258
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |