广西十万山盆地构造特征与含油气关系
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摘要
十万山盆地是在印支期海相沉积基底上发育的中新生界陆相沉积盆地。论文在丰富的野外资料的基础上,以活动论和阶段论的思想为指导,研究了十万山盆地的主干断裂、构造样式、构造应力场、构造单元和构造演化,并以磷灰石裂变径迹分析为主,结合流体包裹体均一温度、镜质体反射率分析,定性～半定量地分析了盆地中新生代的热历史,最后探讨了构造与含油气的关系。
控制全区构造格架的区域性断裂在晚古生代一般表现为与伸展作用有关的同生正断层系,控制半地堑或地堑式裂陷带,印支期后发生多期构造挤压反转或兼有走滑构造变形。盆地构造样式主要包括挤压构造、伸展构造、反转构造和走滑构造。十万山盆地加里东运动主要为近南北向的挤压褶皱运动,印支运动也主要为近南北向的挤压褶皱作用,燕山早期运动主要为北西～南东向的挤压褶皱作用,燕山晚期运动主要为北北东～南南西方向的挤压褶皱作用,喜山早期运动主要为近东西向的挤压作用。盆地可划分为3个次级构造单元和5个构造演化阶段。
盆地的热史和剥蚀史反映了区域构造的发展史,热史还决定了烃源岩的成熟史。十万山盆地的古温度史经历了6个演化阶段,即:晚三叠世～晚侏罗世快速埋藏增温阶段,晚侏罗世末～早白垩世初短暂降温阶段,白垩纪再次埋藏增温阶段,晚白垩世末～古新世快速降温阶段,始新世～渐新世稳定阶段和中新世以来快速降温阶段。上二叠统为十万山盆地最好的烃源岩层位,峙浪～上思一带成为油气勘探的有利区带。
Shiwanshan basin has a Mesozoic to Cenozoic continental sedimentary cover lies over a basement of marine-facies Indosinian deformation.Based on abundant field materials data and directed by the idea of mobiles and stage, regional structure,main fault , structural styles , tectonic stress field , structural unit and tectonic evolution were researched.The methods,including apatite fission-track method which was applied as main means,fliud inclusion and vitrinite reflectance method,were used to qualitatively and semi-quantitatively study the thermal evolution of the basin.
Regional faults often show contemporaneous normal fault system related with extension in late Paleozoic era,and they experienced multiperiodic tectonic reversal or tectonic deformation with strike slip after Indosinian.Structural styles in the basin can be divided into four types.The basin can be plotted into three order structural units,and the tectonic evolution of the basin can be divided into five stages.
The thermal and denudation history in the basin reflected its structural evolution.The hydrocarbon maturity history was under the control of the thermal evolution.At least six stages of the paleo-thermal evolution in the basin were identified:fast-buried increasing-temperature(T3-J3),temporarily decreasing-temperature(Late of J3-Early of K1),buried increasing-temperature(K),fast decreasing-temperature(Late of K2-E1),slightly varying-temperature(E2-E3)and another fast decreasing-temperature(N1 to present).The study showed that the best hydrocarban-bearing formation was the upper Permian in the basin,and Shilang-Shangshi belt was a good prospect area.
控制全区构造格架的区域性断裂在晚古生代一般表现为与伸展作用有关的同生正断层系,控制半地堑或地堑式裂陷带,印支期后发生多期构造挤压反转或兼有走滑构造变形。盆地构造样式主要包括挤压构造、伸展构造、反转构造和走滑构造。十万山盆地加里东运动主要为近南北向的挤压褶皱运动,印支运动也主要为近南北向的挤压褶皱作用,燕山早期运动主要为北西～南东向的挤压褶皱作用,燕山晚期运动主要为北北东～南南西方向的挤压褶皱作用,喜山早期运动主要为近东西向的挤压作用。盆地可划分为3个次级构造单元和5个构造演化阶段。
盆地的热史和剥蚀史反映了区域构造的发展史,热史还决定了烃源岩的成熟史。十万山盆地的古温度史经历了6个演化阶段,即:晚三叠世～晚侏罗世快速埋藏增温阶段,晚侏罗世末～早白垩世初短暂降温阶段,白垩纪再次埋藏增温阶段,晚白垩世末～古新世快速降温阶段,始新世～渐新世稳定阶段和中新世以来快速降温阶段。上二叠统为十万山盆地最好的烃源岩层位,峙浪～上思一带成为油气勘探的有利区带。
Shiwanshan basin has a Mesozoic to Cenozoic continental sedimentary cover lies over a basement of marine-facies Indosinian deformation.Based on abundant field materials data and directed by the idea of mobiles and stage, regional structure,main fault , structural styles , tectonic stress field , structural unit and tectonic evolution were researched.The methods,including apatite fission-track method which was applied as main means,fliud inclusion and vitrinite reflectance method,were used to qualitatively and semi-quantitatively study the thermal evolution of the basin.
Regional faults often show contemporaneous normal fault system related with extension in late Paleozoic era,and they experienced multiperiodic tectonic reversal or tectonic deformation with strike slip after Indosinian.Structural styles in the basin can be divided into four types.The basin can be plotted into three order structural units,and the tectonic evolution of the basin can be divided into five stages.
The thermal and denudation history in the basin reflected its structural evolution.The hydrocarbon maturity history was under the control of the thermal evolution.At least six stages of the paleo-thermal evolution in the basin were identified:fast-buried increasing-temperature(T3-J3),temporarily decreasing-temperature(Late of J3-Early of K1),buried increasing-temperature(K),fast decreasing-temperature(Late of K2-E1),slightly varying-temperature(E2-E3)and another fast decreasing-temperature(N1 to present).The study showed that the best hydrocarban-bearing formation was the upper Permian in the basin,and Shilang-Shangshi belt was a good prospect area.
引文
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