海—塔盆地开发区块断裂系统及对油水关系控制作用
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摘要
海塔盆地垂向上以大磨拐河组为界,可分为上、下两套断层体系,下部断层系规模大,上部断层系规模小。下部断层系与上部断层系剖面上构成典型“似花状”组合模式。海-塔盆地断裂三期强烈变形,Ⅰ期为铜钵庙组-南屯组沉积时期,形为典型的伸展变形期;Ⅱ期为伊敏组沉积晚期,为典型的张扭变形期;Ⅲ期为伊敏组沉积末期和青元岗组沉积末期,为挤压反转变形期。依据断裂变形的叠加关系,海塔盆地发育四套断裂系统:早期伸展断裂系统、中期张扭断裂系统、早期伸展中期张扭断裂系统和早期伸展中期张扭晚期反转断裂系统。依据断裂变形期与成藏关键时刻耦合关系,认为早期伸展断裂为典型的遮挡断裂;早期伸展中期张扭断裂尽管在成藏关键时刻活动,但由于在南屯组和大一段区域性泥质岩盖层内分段扩展,剪切型泥岩涂抹发育,具有较强的顶封能力,不是油源断层,依然是遮挡断层;早期伸展中期张扭晚期反转断裂在伊敏组沉积末期反转变形,活动性质改变导致早期形成的剪切型泥岩涂抹破裂,成为油气垂向运移的通道,但活动期晚于成藏关键时刻,因此是典型的调整断层。海塔盆地断圈划分为二型六类:即断圈和混合圈闭两种类型。依据砂地比展布规律认为,乌东南一段油藏北部和塔南铜钵庙组发育典型的断圈,油藏类型为断层遮挡油藏;乌东南一段油藏中部和南部为断圈和岩性的复合圈闭,油藏类型为构造-岩性油藏;贝中为断层复杂化的背斜圈闭,油藏类型为岩性-构造油藏。断层侧向封闭性影响断圈的含油性,基于典型封闭断层解剖,建立了断层面SGR与所能封闭的最大烃柱高度之间的定量关系,利用这种定量关系对乌东和塔南典型断圈所能封闭的最大烃柱高度和油水界面进行定量预测,预测的烃柱高度均小于圈闭的最大幅度,均为部分有效的圈闭。断裂对油水关系的控制表现在三个方面:一是早期伸展中期张扭晚期反转断裂调整作用,形成“互补型”分布模式,主力目的层普遍含水。二是断层侧向封闭性影响断圈的含油性,断层所能封闭的最大烃柱高度决定的油水界面与控圈断层之间为油区,油水界面与最大圈闭线之间为水区。三是断失作用常造成断层附近主力油层断失,普遍含水或为干层。乌东油藏受这三个因素影响,北部为构造油藏,有清晰的油水界面,近断层地区断失造成主力目的层断失,普遍含水。贝中发育3条调整断层,形成希2和希4两个南二段、希64-64一个大磨拐河组次生油藏区,南一段在这三条断层控制的区域含油性很差。塔南凹陷中西部主要发育断层遮挡型油藏,油水分布关系主要受断层侧向封闭能力的影响,每一断块均具有相对清晰的油水界面。
Haita basin is divided vertically into upper and lower sets of fault systems, the limiting strata is Damoguaihe group. The lower sets of fault have a large-scale. The upper sets of fault have a small-scale. The faults of Haita basin gone through Three strongly deformed, the period of phaseⅠwas Tongbomiao-Nantun deposition time, the period was typical extensional deformation. the period of phaseⅡwas Late Yimin group deposition time, the period was typical transtension deformation. the period of phaseⅢwas Late Yimin and Late Qingyuangang group deposition time, the period was typical Reverse deformation.In the light of overlying relationship of ruptural deformation ,the basin of Haita develop four suit of rift system:extensive rift system in early stage,tenso shear rift system in middle period,extensive rift system in early stage and tenso shear rift system in middle period, extensive rift system in early stage tenso shear rift system in middle period and inverted rift system in late time. In the light of the coupling relationship of the stage of ruptural deformation and the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir,we think that the extensive rift system is canonic screened rift;Although extensive rift system in early stage and tenso shear rift system in middle period acts in the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir. Because they expand sectionly in territorial argillaceous rock capping formation in Nantun group and D I group,the shear-type of clay daubing develop, It has sronger seal capacility in the peak. It is not the fault of oil source,but it is canonic screened fault as before; extensive rift system in early stage tenso shear rift system in middle period and inverted rift system in late time inverted in late depositional stage of Yimin group. The active nature change the fault of the shear-type of clay daubing in early stage,which makes it become a aisle of vertical migration of oil and gas.but the active stage was later than the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir, So it is typical regulate fault. Fault traps are divided to dichotypic and six types in Haita basin. On the basis of sand layer ratio distributing regular pattern, there are typical fault traps in the north of Nan 1 section reservoir which is fault shielding reservoir of Wudong and tongbomiao section of Tanan. the middle part and south of Nan 1 section reservoir which is structure -lithology reservoir are fault traps and lithological complexing traps. There are fault complexing anticlinal traps, which are lithology- structure reservoir. Fault lateral seal affect oiliness of fault traps. On the basis of dissection of typical sealed fault, establishing quantitative relation between face of fault SGR and highest hydrocarbon column. The maximal hydrocarbon height sealed by typical reservoirs in Wudong and Tanan area and OWC can be evaluated using this quantitative relation. All evaluated hydrocarbon height is smaller than the largest amplitude detector of reservoir indicating that all the reservoir is effective. The representation which faults controls the relation of oil and water is mainly in three aspects: First one is the fault modulation effect of extension in eraly stage, transtension in metaphase and inversion in advanced stage, which caused the oil being regulated from major target formations(FM Nan 1or Tongbomiao group) to FM Nan2 or Damoguaihe group forming "complementary" distribution pattern. So the major target formations general contain water. Second one is the oil-bearing property effected by lateral fault seal.It's the oil region between OWC determined by maximal height sealed by faults and reservoir-dominating faults, and It's the water region between OWC and maximal trap line. Third is that the faulted effect generally caused major target formations missing, and the layer mainlty contain water or is dry layer. Wudong reservoirs are effected by the three factors, the north is tectonic reservoirs owning clear OWC. Three adjusting faults developed in Beizhong forming subreservoirs (Xi2, Xi4 and Xi64-64). In this area, oil-bearing property is bad in FM Nan1. Faulted effect commonly exists forming several local water region near faults. Fault barrier reservoir mainly developed in middle-West of Tanan, and oil-water distribution relation is mainly effected by lateral fault seal capacity. Every fault block owns relatively clear OWC.
Haita basin is divided vertically into upper and lower sets of fault systems, the limiting strata is Damoguaihe group. The lower sets of fault have a large-scale. The upper sets of fault have a small-scale. The faults of Haita basin gone through Three strongly deformed, the period of phaseⅠwas Tongbomiao-Nantun deposition time, the period was typical extensional deformation. the period of phaseⅡwas Late Yimin group deposition time, the period was typical transtension deformation. the period of phaseⅢwas Late Yimin and Late Qingyuangang group deposition time, the period was typical Reverse deformation.In the light of overlying relationship of ruptural deformation ,the basin of Haita develop four suit of rift system:extensive rift system in early stage,tenso shear rift system in middle period,extensive rift system in early stage and tenso shear rift system in middle period, extensive rift system in early stage tenso shear rift system in middle period and inverted rift system in late time. In the light of the coupling relationship of the stage of ruptural deformation and the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir,we think that the extensive rift system is canonic screened rift;Although extensive rift system in early stage and tenso shear rift system in middle period acts in the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir. Because they expand sectionly in territorial argillaceous rock capping formation in Nantun group and D I group,the shear-type of clay daubing develop, It has sronger seal capacility in the peak. It is not the fault of oil source,but it is canonic screened fault as before; extensive rift system in early stage tenso shear rift system in middle period and inverted rift system in late time inverted in late depositional stage of Yimin group. The active nature change the fault of the shear-type of clay daubing in early stage,which makes it become a aisle of vertical migration of oil and gas.but the active stage was later than the crucial moment of developing oil reservoir, So it is typical regulate fault. Fault traps are divided to dichotypic and six types in Haita basin. On the basis of sand layer ratio distributing regular pattern, there are typical fault traps in the north of Nan 1 section reservoir which is fault shielding reservoir of Wudong and tongbomiao section of Tanan. the middle part and south of Nan 1 section reservoir which is structure -lithology reservoir are fault traps and lithological complexing traps. There are fault complexing anticlinal traps, which are lithology- structure reservoir. Fault lateral seal affect oiliness of fault traps. On the basis of dissection of typical sealed fault, establishing quantitative relation between face of fault SGR and highest hydrocarbon column. The maximal hydrocarbon height sealed by typical reservoirs in Wudong and Tanan area and OWC can be evaluated using this quantitative relation. All evaluated hydrocarbon height is smaller than the largest amplitude detector of reservoir indicating that all the reservoir is effective. The representation which faults controls the relation of oil and water is mainly in three aspects: First one is the fault modulation effect of extension in eraly stage, transtension in metaphase and inversion in advanced stage, which caused the oil being regulated from major target formations(FM Nan 1or Tongbomiao group) to FM Nan2 or Damoguaihe group forming "complementary" distribution pattern. So the major target formations general contain water. Second one is the oil-bearing property effected by lateral fault seal.It's the oil region between OWC determined by maximal height sealed by faults and reservoir-dominating faults, and It's the water region between OWC and maximal trap line. Third is that the faulted effect generally caused major target formations missing, and the layer mainlty contain water or is dry layer. Wudong reservoirs are effected by the three factors, the north is tectonic reservoirs owning clear OWC. Three adjusting faults developed in Beizhong forming subreservoirs (Xi2, Xi4 and Xi64-64). In this area, oil-bearing property is bad in FM Nan1. Faulted effect commonly exists forming several local water region near faults. Fault barrier reservoir mainly developed in middle-West of Tanan, and oil-water distribution relation is mainly effected by lateral fault seal capacity. Every fault block owns relatively clear OWC.
引文
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