安塞油田长2河流相砂岩油藏精细描述及剩余油分布规律研究
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摘要
精细油藏描述是指油田投入开发后,随着油藏开采程度的加深和生产动态资料的增加所进行的精细的地质研究和剩余油分布规律研究,内容主要包括精细的沉积微相、储层非均质性、流动单元划分及其空间分布规律、注水开发过程中储层物性和油水动态变化规律、水淹层解释、三维地质建模、油藏数值模拟等方面。其目的是更准确地认识油藏,搞清楚剩余油在地下的分布情况。
安塞油田坪桥区经过10多年的开发,已进入“高含水、高采出程度、高采油速度”的三高开采阶段。目前存在着油井含水高、产液量高,控水稳油难度大,较难确定合理的生产压差；储层非均质性严重；地层压力逐年上升,吸水剖面下移,油水界面缓慢上升；地下渗流状况复杂,剩余油的分布高度分散,综合治理难度大等问题。从油田储层地质等的基础问题出发,建立符合研究区长2油藏的三维地质模型及储层参数的三维空间分布数据体,并在此基础上开展数值模拟研究,对油田后期的开发部署及进一步调整挖潜具有现实的指导意义。
本文以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田坪桥区上三叠统延长组长2河流相储层为研究对象,运用高分辨率层序地层学构建了等时成因地层格架,结合沉积学、测井地质学等理论,对单井岩心及测井相进行了分析,研究了沉积相的平面分布及其演化规律。根据开发动态资料,通过测井曲线的二次解释,确定了长2储层的岩性、物性与含油性下限。研究了储层的层内、层间及平面非均质性,评价了沉积微相与储层物性的关系。运用多学科相结合的方法,针对储层不同类型的地质变量,建立了丰富的地质知识库,并以此为基础,在沉积相、地质条件约束下,应用Petrel地质建模软件,通过地质统计学与随机模拟,根据多信息协同随机建模相结合的方法,建立了研究区长2油藏的三维地质模型,并在粗化地质模型的基础上进行了数值模拟和剩余油分布规律研究,为油田后期的开发部署奠定了基础。
Delicate reservoir description refers to precise geological studies and residual oil distribution research carried out after a oil field put into exploitation and production, with intense exploitation of oil reservoirs and increasing dynamic data of production. Generally, research content of delicate reservoir description includes analysis of precise depositional microfacies and reservoir heterogeneity, classification of flow units, research on spatial distribution of flow unit and changes of reservoir quality and dynamic development of oil and wate during injection and exploitation, explanation for water level, as well as three-dimensional geological modeling and reservoir simulation. The aim is to understand reservoir more accurately and figure out of residual oil distribution under the ground.
At present, the Ansai Oilfield has entered the so-called three high-extraction stage of "high water-bearing, high degree of recovery, high oil production rate", after 10 year's development. The major problems in the study area include wells with high water-bearing, oil production with high liquid, difficulty of controlling water and making a stable oil production, serious reservoir heterogeneity, increasing formation pressure year after year, water injection profile moving downward but interface of oil and water elevating. Furthermore, it is hard to determine a reasonable production pressure and tough to make a comprehensive management, because of complex condition of seepage underground, highly dispersed distribution of residual oil, in addation to the above problems. Therefore, it is of practical and guiding significance in hydrocarbon exploitation and arrangement, sapping and adjusting potential hydrocarbon reserves further in the future, to construct a three-dimensional geological model for the reservoir, establish a data base of reservoir parameters in three-dimensional spatial distribution, research on numerical simulation of Chang 2 reservoir based upon the geological model, from the basic geological reservoir issues existed in the oilfield.
Lithofacies and well log facies of typical wells are analyzed, horizontal distribution of depositional facies and its evolution is investigated, and isochronological stratigraphic framework of Chang 2 oil-bearing group of Yanchang formation in Pingqiao region of Ansai Oilfield, Ordos basin is constructed in this study, based on observation of lithofacies indicators from cores, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and well log facies study, accompanied with sedimentology, geology and geophysical logging theory. The low critical boundary of lithology, physical quality and hydrocarbon-bearing property of the reservoir is determined, in the basis of secondary interpretation of logging curves and exploitation dynamic data. Inter-layer, intra-layer and horizontal heterogeneity of reservoir is studied, and relationship between sedimentary microfacies and reservoir properties is evaluated in this study.
A rich geological knowledge base and a three-dimensional geological model for the Chang 2 reservoir is established under limited condation of depositional facies and geological characteristics, via geostatistics and stochastic simulation by using the Petrel geological model software, based on a combination of multi-disciplinary approaches, in considerating different geological reservoir variables. Numerical simulation and residual oil distribution is studied in this paper after outlined the geological model, which lays a robust foundation for hydrocarbon exploitation and development of Ansai Oil field in the future.
安塞油田坪桥区经过10多年的开发,已进入“高含水、高采出程度、高采油速度”的三高开采阶段。目前存在着油井含水高、产液量高,控水稳油难度大,较难确定合理的生产压差；储层非均质性严重；地层压力逐年上升,吸水剖面下移,油水界面缓慢上升；地下渗流状况复杂,剩余油的分布高度分散,综合治理难度大等问题。从油田储层地质等的基础问题出发,建立符合研究区长2油藏的三维地质模型及储层参数的三维空间分布数据体,并在此基础上开展数值模拟研究,对油田后期的开发部署及进一步调整挖潜具有现实的指导意义。
本文以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田坪桥区上三叠统延长组长2河流相储层为研究对象,运用高分辨率层序地层学构建了等时成因地层格架,结合沉积学、测井地质学等理论,对单井岩心及测井相进行了分析,研究了沉积相的平面分布及其演化规律。根据开发动态资料,通过测井曲线的二次解释,确定了长2储层的岩性、物性与含油性下限。研究了储层的层内、层间及平面非均质性,评价了沉积微相与储层物性的关系。运用多学科相结合的方法,针对储层不同类型的地质变量,建立了丰富的地质知识库,并以此为基础,在沉积相、地质条件约束下,应用Petrel地质建模软件,通过地质统计学与随机模拟,根据多信息协同随机建模相结合的方法,建立了研究区长2油藏的三维地质模型,并在粗化地质模型的基础上进行了数值模拟和剩余油分布规律研究,为油田后期的开发部署奠定了基础。
Delicate reservoir description refers to precise geological studies and residual oil distribution research carried out after a oil field put into exploitation and production, with intense exploitation of oil reservoirs and increasing dynamic data of production. Generally, research content of delicate reservoir description includes analysis of precise depositional microfacies and reservoir heterogeneity, classification of flow units, research on spatial distribution of flow unit and changes of reservoir quality and dynamic development of oil and wate during injection and exploitation, explanation for water level, as well as three-dimensional geological modeling and reservoir simulation. The aim is to understand reservoir more accurately and figure out of residual oil distribution under the ground.
At present, the Ansai Oilfield has entered the so-called three high-extraction stage of "high water-bearing, high degree of recovery, high oil production rate", after 10 year's development. The major problems in the study area include wells with high water-bearing, oil production with high liquid, difficulty of controlling water and making a stable oil production, serious reservoir heterogeneity, increasing formation pressure year after year, water injection profile moving downward but interface of oil and water elevating. Furthermore, it is hard to determine a reasonable production pressure and tough to make a comprehensive management, because of complex condition of seepage underground, highly dispersed distribution of residual oil, in addation to the above problems. Therefore, it is of practical and guiding significance in hydrocarbon exploitation and arrangement, sapping and adjusting potential hydrocarbon reserves further in the future, to construct a three-dimensional geological model for the reservoir, establish a data base of reservoir parameters in three-dimensional spatial distribution, research on numerical simulation of Chang 2 reservoir based upon the geological model, from the basic geological reservoir issues existed in the oilfield.
Lithofacies and well log facies of typical wells are analyzed, horizontal distribution of depositional facies and its evolution is investigated, and isochronological stratigraphic framework of Chang 2 oil-bearing group of Yanchang formation in Pingqiao region of Ansai Oilfield, Ordos basin is constructed in this study, based on observation of lithofacies indicators from cores, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and well log facies study, accompanied with sedimentology, geology and geophysical logging theory. The low critical boundary of lithology, physical quality and hydrocarbon-bearing property of the reservoir is determined, in the basis of secondary interpretation of logging curves and exploitation dynamic data. Inter-layer, intra-layer and horizontal heterogeneity of reservoir is studied, and relationship between sedimentary microfacies and reservoir properties is evaluated in this study.
A rich geological knowledge base and a three-dimensional geological model for the Chang 2 reservoir is established under limited condation of depositional facies and geological characteristics, via geostatistics and stochastic simulation by using the Petrel geological model software, based on a combination of multi-disciplinary approaches, in considerating different geological reservoir variables. Numerical simulation and residual oil distribution is studied in this paper after outlined the geological model, which lays a robust foundation for hydrocarbon exploitation and development of Ansai Oil field in the future.
引文
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