寺河矿煤巷掘进工作面煤与瓦斯突出预警系统研究
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摘要
我国是世界上最大的煤炭生产国和消费国,随着经济的快速发展,能源的需求越来越大。矿井采掘深度以每年近20m的速度向深部不断延伸,地应力与瓦斯压力不断加大,煤炭开采的地质条件和技术条件也日趋复杂。煤与瓦斯突出矿井的数量增多,次数频繁,强度加大,解决煤与瓦斯突出问题已经迫在眉睫。煤巷掘进过程中发生突出的比例占70%以上,研究煤巷掘进工作面突出发生的机理,实现突出预警对于预防煤与瓦斯突出,具有重大的理论意义和推广应用价值。
本文针对寺河矿实际条件,在分析影响煤与瓦斯突出影响因素的基础上,利用理论分析、实验研究、数值模拟、井下监测等方法,实现了煤与瓦斯突出实时分级预警。分析研究了寺河矿瓦斯含量的主要影响因素,通过分析对比,根据等值线走向趋势的相符合程度,得出了各种地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存的影响,得到了寺河矿瓦斯地质图,分析了掘进工作面发生煤与瓦斯突出的瓦斯地质条件。运用FLAC3D软件建立了掘进工作面推进过程中的三维模型,通过数值计算得到了采动应力分布图、应力升高区的地点及应力峰值,分析了掘进过程中巷道应力的分布规律及其对煤与瓦斯突出的影响。采用实验测试方法分析了寺河矿煤样的物理力学性质、透气性系数。分析了寺河矿煤样变形特性、强度特性和渗透特性等物理力学特征;采用origin数据处理软件分析了煤层渗透性系数与孔隙压、体积应力的关系,为瓦斯涌出规律的研究提供了基础数据。研究了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律,掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量是表征煤层应力状态、瓦斯压力状态和煤质特征综合作用指标,它反映了前方应力、瓦斯压力和强度、煤层产状的变化情况。在煤样渗透性实验及数据分析的基础上,分析了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出影响因素、煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯浓度分布规律及掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律,完成了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量理论计算方法。对瓦斯浓度序列的移动平均线、振幅、频次和方差进行综合评判,建立了瓦斯涌出异常辨识模型。基于组态软件开发了煤瓦斯突出实时分级预警系统软件,通过工作面瓦斯浓度监测数据实时读取,结合瓦斯涌出异常辨识模型、瓦斯地质规律和煤巷掘进工作面力学模型,实现了煤巷掘进工作面煤与瓦斯突出的实时分级预警。
China is one of the countries that mine and consume largest quantiy of coal in the world,with the rapid economic development, the energy is in greater and greater demand,the depth increases at a speed of almost 20 m/s, the ground stress and the gas pressure are getting larger and the coal mining geological and technological conditions are getting complex day by day. Coal and gas outburst is taking place in more and more mines, more and more frequently and strongly, so solving the problems on coal and gas outburst is on period. More than 70 percent of coal and gas outburst occour in the process of tunneling caol roadway, research on the occurring mechanism coal and gas outburst, it has a great theoretical and practical value to realize early warning to prevent from coal and gas outburst.
In this paper, on the basis of analyzing the factors affecting coal and gas outburst, apply the theory analysis, experiment research, numerical simulation and monitor underground to realize scale warning of coal and gas outburst real-time. The main factors affecting the gas content are analyzed. Through analysis and comparison, according to the same degree on the trend of the isolines, the influences of each geological factor on the gas preservation are got, and then the contour map of the gas geological laws in Sihe Mine is given, analyzed the gas geological condition about caol and gas outburst taking plane in tunneling workface .Use FLAC3D software to building the three dimensional model of roadway tunneling, get the contour of mine disturbed stresss, the place of high stress zone and the largest stress, analyze the distribution of roadway stress in the process of tunneling and its influence to coal and gas outburst. Analyze the physical and mechanical properties and the permeability coefficient of each coal sample from Sihe Mine with experiment measure method. Such physical and mechanical characteristics as the deformation, strength and permeability of the coal samples are analyzed; with the data processing software (origin), the relationship among the permeability coefficient, the pore pressure coefficient and the volume stress is analyzed, which provides the fundamental basis for the study on the gas emission rule. Study on gas emission rule at driving faces ,the gas emission at the driving face is the aggregative indicator representing the stress state, the gas pressure state and the characteristics of the coal, which indicates the change situations of the ahead stress. Base on penetrability experiment and the analysis of the datas, analized the factors of gas emission in tunneling workface, gas consistency distribution in caol roadway tunneling workface and the gas emission rule in caol roadway in tunneling workface, completed the theory simulation method of gas emission volume in tunneling workface.A comprehensive evaluation on the moving average, amplitude, frequency and variance of the gas concentration series, then the identification model of the abnormal gas emission is established.Base on configuration software, develop software system for the real-time grading scale forewarning system of coal and gas outburst. Realized reading the real-time database of gas concentration monitoring at the workface, combined the exceptionally identified model, gas geological rule and mechanics model of coal roadway tunneling workface, realized scale forewarning the coal and gas outburst in coal roadway tunneling workface.
本文针对寺河矿实际条件,在分析影响煤与瓦斯突出影响因素的基础上,利用理论分析、实验研究、数值模拟、井下监测等方法,实现了煤与瓦斯突出实时分级预警。分析研究了寺河矿瓦斯含量的主要影响因素,通过分析对比,根据等值线走向趋势的相符合程度,得出了各种地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存的影响,得到了寺河矿瓦斯地质图,分析了掘进工作面发生煤与瓦斯突出的瓦斯地质条件。运用FLAC3D软件建立了掘进工作面推进过程中的三维模型,通过数值计算得到了采动应力分布图、应力升高区的地点及应力峰值,分析了掘进过程中巷道应力的分布规律及其对煤与瓦斯突出的影响。采用实验测试方法分析了寺河矿煤样的物理力学性质、透气性系数。分析了寺河矿煤样变形特性、强度特性和渗透特性等物理力学特征;采用origin数据处理软件分析了煤层渗透性系数与孔隙压、体积应力的关系,为瓦斯涌出规律的研究提供了基础数据。研究了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律,掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量是表征煤层应力状态、瓦斯压力状态和煤质特征综合作用指标,它反映了前方应力、瓦斯压力和强度、煤层产状的变化情况。在煤样渗透性实验及数据分析的基础上,分析了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出影响因素、煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯浓度分布规律及掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律,完成了掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量理论计算方法。对瓦斯浓度序列的移动平均线、振幅、频次和方差进行综合评判,建立了瓦斯涌出异常辨识模型。基于组态软件开发了煤瓦斯突出实时分级预警系统软件,通过工作面瓦斯浓度监测数据实时读取,结合瓦斯涌出异常辨识模型、瓦斯地质规律和煤巷掘进工作面力学模型,实现了煤巷掘进工作面煤与瓦斯突出的实时分级预警。
China is one of the countries that mine and consume largest quantiy of coal in the world,with the rapid economic development, the energy is in greater and greater demand,the depth increases at a speed of almost 20 m/s, the ground stress and the gas pressure are getting larger and the coal mining geological and technological conditions are getting complex day by day. Coal and gas outburst is taking place in more and more mines, more and more frequently and strongly, so solving the problems on coal and gas outburst is on period. More than 70 percent of coal and gas outburst occour in the process of tunneling caol roadway, research on the occurring mechanism coal and gas outburst, it has a great theoretical and practical value to realize early warning to prevent from coal and gas outburst.
In this paper, on the basis of analyzing the factors affecting coal and gas outburst, apply the theory analysis, experiment research, numerical simulation and monitor underground to realize scale warning of coal and gas outburst real-time. The main factors affecting the gas content are analyzed. Through analysis and comparison, according to the same degree on the trend of the isolines, the influences of each geological factor on the gas preservation are got, and then the contour map of the gas geological laws in Sihe Mine is given, analyzed the gas geological condition about caol and gas outburst taking plane in tunneling workface .Use FLAC3D software to building the three dimensional model of roadway tunneling, get the contour of mine disturbed stresss, the place of high stress zone and the largest stress, analyze the distribution of roadway stress in the process of tunneling and its influence to coal and gas outburst. Analyze the physical and mechanical properties and the permeability coefficient of each coal sample from Sihe Mine with experiment measure method. Such physical and mechanical characteristics as the deformation, strength and permeability of the coal samples are analyzed; with the data processing software (origin), the relationship among the permeability coefficient, the pore pressure coefficient and the volume stress is analyzed, which provides the fundamental basis for the study on the gas emission rule. Study on gas emission rule at driving faces ,the gas emission at the driving face is the aggregative indicator representing the stress state, the gas pressure state and the characteristics of the coal, which indicates the change situations of the ahead stress. Base on penetrability experiment and the analysis of the datas, analized the factors of gas emission in tunneling workface, gas consistency distribution in caol roadway tunneling workface and the gas emission rule in caol roadway in tunneling workface, completed the theory simulation method of gas emission volume in tunneling workface.A comprehensive evaluation on the moving average, amplitude, frequency and variance of the gas concentration series, then the identification model of the abnormal gas emission is established.Base on configuration software, develop software system for the real-time grading scale forewarning system of coal and gas outburst. Realized reading the real-time database of gas concentration monitoring at the workface, combined the exceptionally identified model, gas geological rule and mechanics model of coal roadway tunneling workface, realized scale forewarning the coal and gas outburst in coal roadway tunneling workface.
引文
[1]赵苏启.煤矿安全生产形势与任务[R].煤炭产业峰会,2007.
[2]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(16): 2803-2813.
[3]国家煤矿安全监察局等.全国煤矿安全状况调查与安全规划研究报告[R].2001.
[4]张祖银.国外煤和瓦斯突出概况和预测方法[J].焦作矿业学院学报, 1988, (S1): 136-148.
[5]李胜.煤与瓦斯突出危险性区域预测的模式识别研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学, 2004.
[6]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.煤矿瓦斯治理与利用总体方案[EB/OL]. [2005-6-22]. http://www.sdpc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/zcfbtz2005/W020050715564773197603.doc.
[7]张子敏,林又玲,吕绍林,等.中国不同地质时代煤层瓦斯区域分布特征[J].地学前缘, 1999, 6(B05): 245-250.
[8] Bodziony, J., Lama R. D. Sudden outbursts of gas and coal in underground coal mines [R]. ACARP, 1996, 309-311.
[9] Halbaum, H. W. Discussion of J. Gerrard's paper, "Instantaneous outbursts [J]. Trans. Inst. Min. Engrs, 1899(18): 258-265.
[10]王绪友.低瓦斯矿井瓦斯涌出规律及综合治理技术[J].矿业安全与环保,2003.30(4):61-64
[11] Hargraves, A. J. Instantaneous outbursts of coal and gas - a review & discussion [A]. Proc. AusIMM, 285 [C], 1983, 3: 1-37.
[12] Price, N. J. A report on the outburst problem in the Gwendraeth Valley [R]. National Coal Board internal report, 1959. 1-8.
[13] Szirtes, L. Methods used at Pecs Collieries for the prevention of gas outbursts [A]. UNECE Symp On Coal & Gas Outbursts [C], Nimes, France, 1964, 11: 135-47.
[14]矶部俊朗.岩石突出和瓦斯突出的预测和预防[A].见:国外煤和瓦斯突出资料汇编(第二集)[C].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1979.11: 7-18.
[15]БатугинаИ.М.,ПетуховИ.М.Геодинамическоерайонированиеместорожденийприпроектиров-аниииэксплуатациирудников[M].Москва:Недра, 1988.
[16] K.K.?wing.岩层地质构造与瓦斯突出的关系[A].见:国外煤和瓦斯突出资料汇编(第三集)[C].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1978.7: 36-41.
[17]于不凡.谈煤和瓦斯突出的机理[J].煤炭科学技术, 1979(8): 34-42.
[18]霍多特,B.B.煤与瓦斯突出机理[M].宋世钊,王佑安译.北京:中国工业出版社,1966.
[131]孙树林.煤矿掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005.16(1):99-101
[132]任克斌.煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律的研究[J].淮南职业技术学院学报,2004.4(1):34-36
[134]何建华.芦岭煤矿采掘工作面瓦斯涌出规律探索[J].矿业安全与环保,2003.30(b06):26-27
[135]孙鲁华.矿井瓦斯涌出异常原因探析[J].山东煤炭科技,2004(6):47-48
[136]霍中刚.常村矿S1—4胶带平巷瓦斯涌出规律的探讨[J].煤矿安全,2001.32(2):25-27
[137]刘斌.瓦斯涌出异常的低瓦斯矿井瓦斯赋存规律研究[J].中州煤炭,2009(2):90-91
[138]郭立稳.综采工作面瓦斯异常涌出因素分析及防治[J].中国矿业,2008.17(10):99-101
[139]杨禹华.基于模糊模式识别的瓦斯含量指标异常预警技术[J].中国安全科学学报,2007.17(9):172-176
[140]卢永登.小龙矿使用瓦斯自动监控系统大有作为[J].安全生产与监督,2007(5):62-62
[141]陈清华.基于瓦斯涌出异常的煤与瓦斯突出预报软件开发[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007.35(3):18-21
[142]郭凡进.保德煤矿采空区瓦斯涌出异常原因分析及防治措施[J].煤炭工程,2006(6):66-68
[2]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(16): 2803-2813.
[3]国家煤矿安全监察局等.全国煤矿安全状况调查与安全规划研究报告[R].2001.
[4]张祖银.国外煤和瓦斯突出概况和预测方法[J].焦作矿业学院学报, 1988, (S1): 136-148.
[5]李胜.煤与瓦斯突出危险性区域预测的模式识别研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学, 2004.
[6]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.煤矿瓦斯治理与利用总体方案[EB/OL]. [2005-6-22]. http://www.sdpc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/zcfbtz2005/W020050715564773197603.doc.
[7]张子敏,林又玲,吕绍林,等.中国不同地质时代煤层瓦斯区域分布特征[J].地学前缘, 1999, 6(B05): 245-250.
[8] Bodziony, J., Lama R. D. Sudden outbursts of gas and coal in underground coal mines [R]. ACARP, 1996, 309-311.
[9] Halbaum, H. W. Discussion of J. Gerrard's paper, "Instantaneous outbursts [J]. Trans. Inst. Min. Engrs, 1899(18): 258-265.
[10]王绪友.低瓦斯矿井瓦斯涌出规律及综合治理技术[J].矿业安全与环保,2003.30(4):61-64
[11] Hargraves, A. J. Instantaneous outbursts of coal and gas - a review & discussion [A]. Proc. AusIMM, 285 [C], 1983, 3: 1-37.
[12] Price, N. J. A report on the outburst problem in the Gwendraeth Valley [R]. National Coal Board internal report, 1959. 1-8.
[13] Szirtes, L. Methods used at Pecs Collieries for the prevention of gas outbursts [A]. UNECE Symp On Coal & Gas Outbursts [C], Nimes, France, 1964, 11: 135-47.
[14]矶部俊朗.岩石突出和瓦斯突出的预测和预防[A].见:国外煤和瓦斯突出资料汇编(第二集)[C].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1979.11: 7-18.
[15]БатугинаИ.М.,ПетуховИ.М.Геодинамическоерайонированиеместорожденийприпроектиров-аниииэксплуатациирудников[M].Москва:Недра, 1988.
[16] K.K.?wing.岩层地质构造与瓦斯突出的关系[A].见:国外煤和瓦斯突出资料汇编(第三集)[C].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1978.7: 36-41.
[17]于不凡.谈煤和瓦斯突出的机理[J].煤炭科学技术, 1979(8): 34-42.
[18]霍多特,B.B.煤与瓦斯突出机理[M].宋世钊,王佑安译.北京:中国工业出版社,1966.
[131]孙树林.煤矿掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005.16(1):99-101
[132]任克斌.煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律的研究[J].淮南职业技术学院学报,2004.4(1):34-36
[134]何建华.芦岭煤矿采掘工作面瓦斯涌出规律探索[J].矿业安全与环保,2003.30(b06):26-27
[135]孙鲁华.矿井瓦斯涌出异常原因探析[J].山东煤炭科技,2004(6):47-48
[136]霍中刚.常村矿S1—4胶带平巷瓦斯涌出规律的探讨[J].煤矿安全,2001.32(2):25-27
[137]刘斌.瓦斯涌出异常的低瓦斯矿井瓦斯赋存规律研究[J].中州煤炭,2009(2):90-91
[138]郭立稳.综采工作面瓦斯异常涌出因素分析及防治[J].中国矿业,2008.17(10):99-101
[139]杨禹华.基于模糊模式识别的瓦斯含量指标异常预警技术[J].中国安全科学学报,2007.17(9):172-176
[140]卢永登.小龙矿使用瓦斯自动监控系统大有作为[J].安全生产与监督,2007(5):62-62
[141]陈清华.基于瓦斯涌出异常的煤与瓦斯突出预报软件开发[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007.35(3):18-21
[142]郭凡进.保德煤矿采空区瓦斯涌出异常原因分析及防治措施[J].煤炭工程,2006(6):66-68
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