基于相干目标DInSAR方法的南方公路沉降监测应用研究
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摘要
南方多云多雨地区进行干涉测量受水汽、植被等一系列因素的影响,目前在该地区应用干涉雷达技术进行变形或地面沉降测量的研究较为薄弱。本文对南方湿润地区干涉测量的影响因素进行深入研究,目的是解决利用干涉雷达测量该类地区公路沉降的关键问题。
本研究从干涉雷达测量的原理出发,对干涉雷达图像的相位组成,以及差分干涉雷达处理后的相位差的构成进行了系统分析,在全面分析南方DInSAR监测影响因素的情况下,提出了一套针对南方道路沉降监测的相干目标DInSAR技术处理方案,主要研究内容包括：
(1)对南方湿润地区干涉测量的影响因素进行了全面分析,得到的结论是该类地区影响干涉测量主要的因素主要是大气、土壤含水量和植被及其变化。在此基础上对南方干涉测量的可行性及其关键问题进行了探讨,确立了面向南方公路沉降监测的相干目标DInSAR技术路线。
(2)提出了新型的基于窗口曲面函数匹配的图像配准方法,该方法可实现整景SAR图像的快速配准,并不受植被等低相干地区的影响,有利于长时间基线的InSAR图像的精确配准。
(3)针对南方湿润气候环境对InSAR测量的影响,提出了基于稳定像元的水汽相位初始估计,并结合Delaunay三角网限制大气相关距离来消除大气影响的处理策略,试验证明该方法可以有效地减小大气的影响,从而提高干涉测量的精度。
(4)以广深公路及周边地区公路为实验区,进行公路沉降场的反演区域沉降基本集中在西部地区的佛山,沉降速率一般都在-7mm/y以上,向东逐渐减小,到珠江东部地区,地面基本趋于稳定,大多地区的沉降速率都小于-3.0mm/y,并结合实测数据开展比对分析和相关分析,进行精度验证,在此基础上进行公路沉降特征的深入分析。
通过本论文的研究分析,证明基于相干目标DInSAR方法在植被丰富、气候湿润的南方环境仍然能取得比较好的沉降监测结果。
Interfermetric SAR applied in cloudy and rainy south areas affected by water vapor measurements, vegetation and the effects of a number of factors, the present application of interference in the region, the radar technology, measurement of deformation or subsidence of the ground is relatively weak。In this paper, the South-humid areas the impact of factors that interfere with measurement of in-depth research, aimed at addressing such regional interference radar measurements of the key issues.
Based upon the theory of the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), systems analysis on the constitution of the interferometric phase, the phase differences from the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR),is carried out. After treatment were analyzed in a comprehensive analysis of factors affecting the South DInSAR monitoring, a set of Settlement monitoring of the road for the South based on coherernt Target DInSAR is put forward. The followed research contents are included:
(1) On the wet area interference measuring factors are fully analyzed. The conclusion is this area of main factors affect interference measurement is mainly atmosphere, soil moisture content and vegetation and its changes. Based on the feasibility of measuring the interference and key problems are discussed, and a coherent target DInSAR technical route is established toward the south highway subsidence monitoring.
(2) Based on the proposed new windows curved surface function matching image registration method, which enables the whole scene fast SAR image registration, are not affected by the impact of low-coherence areas, such as vegetation covered area, are conducive to a long baseline InSAR images with accurate precision.
(3) Based on the initial estimation of vapor phase, and combined with restrictions on correlation distance of atmosphere by Delaunay triangular, the effect of the atmosphere is reduced.
(4) The first subsidence result of Guangzhou-Shenzhen Highway and the surrounding area roads as experimental areas is obtained. The basic focus of regional subsidence in the western region, Foshan, sedimentation rates are generally in-7mm/y above, decreased gradually eastward to the Pearl River in eastern regions, on the ground basically stabilized in most parts of the subsidence rate are less than-3.0mm/y. In combination with measured value, analysis and correlation analysis are carry out precision to validate the result, then the characteristics of road subsidence is analysed in-depth.
Through research and analysis in this paper, good subsidence monitoring results can be obtained in south area with rich vegetation, humid climate environment baesd on coherent target DInSAR technique.
本研究从干涉雷达测量的原理出发,对干涉雷达图像的相位组成,以及差分干涉雷达处理后的相位差的构成进行了系统分析,在全面分析南方DInSAR监测影响因素的情况下,提出了一套针对南方道路沉降监测的相干目标DInSAR技术处理方案,主要研究内容包括：
(1)对南方湿润地区干涉测量的影响因素进行了全面分析,得到的结论是该类地区影响干涉测量主要的因素主要是大气、土壤含水量和植被及其变化。在此基础上对南方干涉测量的可行性及其关键问题进行了探讨,确立了面向南方公路沉降监测的相干目标DInSAR技术路线。
(2)提出了新型的基于窗口曲面函数匹配的图像配准方法,该方法可实现整景SAR图像的快速配准,并不受植被等低相干地区的影响,有利于长时间基线的InSAR图像的精确配准。
(3)针对南方湿润气候环境对InSAR测量的影响,提出了基于稳定像元的水汽相位初始估计,并结合Delaunay三角网限制大气相关距离来消除大气影响的处理策略,试验证明该方法可以有效地减小大气的影响,从而提高干涉测量的精度。
(4)以广深公路及周边地区公路为实验区,进行公路沉降场的反演区域沉降基本集中在西部地区的佛山,沉降速率一般都在-7mm/y以上,向东逐渐减小,到珠江东部地区,地面基本趋于稳定,大多地区的沉降速率都小于-3.0mm/y,并结合实测数据开展比对分析和相关分析,进行精度验证,在此基础上进行公路沉降特征的深入分析。
通过本论文的研究分析,证明基于相干目标DInSAR方法在植被丰富、气候湿润的南方环境仍然能取得比较好的沉降监测结果。
Interfermetric SAR applied in cloudy and rainy south areas affected by water vapor measurements, vegetation and the effects of a number of factors, the present application of interference in the region, the radar technology, measurement of deformation or subsidence of the ground is relatively weak。In this paper, the South-humid areas the impact of factors that interfere with measurement of in-depth research, aimed at addressing such regional interference radar measurements of the key issues.
Based upon the theory of the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), systems analysis on the constitution of the interferometric phase, the phase differences from the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR),is carried out. After treatment were analyzed in a comprehensive analysis of factors affecting the South DInSAR monitoring, a set of Settlement monitoring of the road for the South based on coherernt Target DInSAR is put forward. The followed research contents are included:
(1) On the wet area interference measuring factors are fully analyzed. The conclusion is this area of main factors affect interference measurement is mainly atmosphere, soil moisture content and vegetation and its changes. Based on the feasibility of measuring the interference and key problems are discussed, and a coherent target DInSAR technical route is established toward the south highway subsidence monitoring.
(2) Based on the proposed new windows curved surface function matching image registration method, which enables the whole scene fast SAR image registration, are not affected by the impact of low-coherence areas, such as vegetation covered area, are conducive to a long baseline InSAR images with accurate precision.
(3) Based on the initial estimation of vapor phase, and combined with restrictions on correlation distance of atmosphere by Delaunay triangular, the effect of the atmosphere is reduced.
(4) The first subsidence result of Guangzhou-Shenzhen Highway and the surrounding area roads as experimental areas is obtained. The basic focus of regional subsidence in the western region, Foshan, sedimentation rates are generally in-7mm/y above, decreased gradually eastward to the Pearl River in eastern regions, on the ground basically stabilized in most parts of the subsidence rate are less than-3.0mm/y. In combination with measured value, analysis and correlation analysis are carry out precision to validate the result, then the characteristics of road subsidence is analysed in-depth.
Through research and analysis in this paper, good subsidence monitoring results can be obtained in south area with rich vegetation, humid climate environment baesd on coherent target DInSAR technique.
引文
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