面向移动商务的协作组织及其评价研究
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摘要
信息化时代带来的技术变革不仅提高了社会生产效率,也影响着人们的日常生活。其中影响最为广泛的技术之一便是无线通讯技术。商务交易活动借助无线通信平台从互联网络扩展到了移动网络,移动商务作为一种新兴商务模式应运而生。移动商务一方面使人们可以随时随地的查询商务信息,方便的进行商务活动,另一方面也为众多企业提供了新的盈利模式。它不但扩展了传统的用户基础,而且创造出种类繁多的移动产品及服务,促进了移动技术及应用的多元化发展,开创一个多方争抢的新蓝海市场。
随着移动商务技术及市场的相互作用与快速发展,参与其中的企业、团体、机构越来越多,组织间关系越来越复杂,传统的企业合作模式已经难以适应新环境的需求。因此,研究移动商务特征,整合价值链上合作伙伴的核心资源与能力,组建移动商务协作组织,赢得更多收益并占领更大市场份额是以移动运营商为首的所有移动商务业内企业所共同关注的焦点问题。目前国内外学术界对制造业等行业的协作组织模式及其评价进行过大量研究,但针对中国国情的移动商务领域协作组织模式和评价的系统研究并不多见。
本文结合一般性协作组织理论,在分析移动商务环境特征及移动商务价值链特征基础上,对我国商务环境下的移动商务协作组织模式、协作组织结构评价过程、指标体系的建立,以及评价模型方法进行研究。重点分析基于移动商务联盟CBE孵化环境的协作组织构建,着重研究直觉模糊集理论及其扩展区间直觉模糊集理论在评价移动商务协作组织结构问题上的适应性。不仅拓展了传统的组织理论,而且丰富了移动商务协作组织的评价方法。
在回顾国内外移动商务研究的概况、协作组织的类型以及相关理论基础上,通过分析基于移动商务价值链的协作组织成员及成员间关系特征,在移动商务联盟CBE孵化环境的基础上提出一种协作组织模式,讨论该组织模式的构建方法和组织内部企业间的协同机制。
针对现有研究对组织模式的评价通常局限于对个体成员企业的评价,缺乏整体组织层面的综合评价方法问题,结合移动商务组织间关系管理的现状以及商务模式的特征,从明确协作组织内部成员间关系、所在外部环境及目标需求的角度出发,对移动商务协作组织结构评价因素和指标进行分析归纳,设计一套两层次移动商务协作组织结构评价指标体系。并建立七阶段的协作组织结构评价过程模型。
移动商务协作组织的成员特征及成员间关系特征决定了协作组织结构评价过程中包含大量不确定性复杂信息。针对评价指标和专家评价意见的模糊特性,建立基于直觉模糊集IFS的协作组织评价模型,并从决策表综合指标最优化的角度设计了评价指标的重要性度量方法。
多数实际情况下,移动商务协作组织的评价优化是针对多目标属性,集合多专家经验和判断的综合评价过程,为使评价的输入更符合现实中评价的犹豫性特征,提出一个基于IVIFS的群决策模型,不仅充分考虑评价值的区间特性,而且重点研究基于群评价信息的客观专家权重和客观属性权重计算模型,突出主观重要性度量与客观重要性度量间的平衡。并用案例分析方法说明针对移动商务协作组织评价的过程以及模型有效性。
The era of information has brought technological evolutions that not only improve the efficiency of social production, but also affect people's daily lives. One of the most important technologies is the wireless communication technology. Business transactions have been transformed from the Internet to the mobile network under the support of wireless communication platform, thus bring a new business model:mobile commerce. Mobile commerce on one hand facilitates the conduct of business activities by enabling querys of business information at anytime, anywhere, On the other hand it provides a new profit model for many organizations. It extends the traditional user base, creates a wide variety of mobile products and services, and also promotes the diversification of mobile technology and application development.
As the rapid development of mobile commerce under the interaction of mobile communication technology and market, there are increasingly more enterprises and organizations participate in this field. Consider the complexity of inter-organization relationships of mobile commerce, it is difficult to adpat to new environment requirements for traditional enterprise cooperation models. Therefore, it is more and more important to study features of mobile commerce and collaboration methods for the integration of core competitive capacities of value chain partners. Currently, extensive researches have conducted on collaboration models and the evaluation of organizational structures in manufacturing industry. But rare attentions have been put on the study of collaboration and evaluation of organizational structure in the field of Chinese mobile commerce.
Based on the analysis of mobile commerce and mobile value chain in China's business environment, this thesis researches on organizational models for mobile business collaboration, index system, and evaluation process of collaborative organizational structure. One of the emphasis is the construction of collaborative organization for mobile commerce based on the breeding environment which is consisted of enterprises and organizations in mobile business alliance. Another emphasis is the applications of intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set theory on evalutions of collaboratonal organizational structure. This study not only expands the traditional organizational theory, but also enriches methodology of structure evaluation for mobile commerce.
Based on reviewing the status quo of researches on mobile commerce, categorying collaborative organization types, and research on mobile business value chain, this thesis analysises characteristics of members and their relationship in mobile commerce. Then a collaborative organization model based on the breeding environment in mobile commerce strategic alliance is proposed. This thesis also discusses construction process of collaborative organization as well as the coordination mechanism for enterprise partners.
Existing researches on the evaluation of organizational structure are usually limited to the evaluation of individual member companies, which neglects the importance of comprehensive evaluation from organization's collaborational perspective. In order to bridge the gap, this thesis proposes evalution factors and builds a two level index system from the perspectives of internal relationship and external requirements of project objectives by analysising the status quo of relationship management in mobile commerce and features of mobile commerce business model. On this base, a seven-stage evaluation process model for collaborative organizational structure is established.
The features of members and relationships of mobile commerce lead to varieties of uncertain and incomplete information during the process of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure evaluation. Because the theory of intuitionistic fuzzy sets takes advantage in expressing fuzzy, uncertain data, a collaborative organization structure evaluation model is eastablished based on IFS theory. A promoted evaluation of index importance method is proposed from the perspective of optimizing the decision table index.
In most practical cases, the evaluation of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure is a mutiple objective, mutiple attribute process which integrates experiences and judgements from multiple experts. To make the input of expert judgement more realistic, the IVIFS theory is emploied to express the hesitation of expert judgement. On this base, a group decision model is established. One feature is that this model set a great balance between objective and subjective measurement of the expert importance weight and index importance weight. At last, case analysises are presented as model validation and descriptions of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure evaluation process.
随着移动商务技术及市场的相互作用与快速发展,参与其中的企业、团体、机构越来越多,组织间关系越来越复杂,传统的企业合作模式已经难以适应新环境的需求。因此,研究移动商务特征,整合价值链上合作伙伴的核心资源与能力,组建移动商务协作组织,赢得更多收益并占领更大市场份额是以移动运营商为首的所有移动商务业内企业所共同关注的焦点问题。目前国内外学术界对制造业等行业的协作组织模式及其评价进行过大量研究,但针对中国国情的移动商务领域协作组织模式和评价的系统研究并不多见。
本文结合一般性协作组织理论,在分析移动商务环境特征及移动商务价值链特征基础上,对我国商务环境下的移动商务协作组织模式、协作组织结构评价过程、指标体系的建立,以及评价模型方法进行研究。重点分析基于移动商务联盟CBE孵化环境的协作组织构建,着重研究直觉模糊集理论及其扩展区间直觉模糊集理论在评价移动商务协作组织结构问题上的适应性。不仅拓展了传统的组织理论,而且丰富了移动商务协作组织的评价方法。
在回顾国内外移动商务研究的概况、协作组织的类型以及相关理论基础上,通过分析基于移动商务价值链的协作组织成员及成员间关系特征,在移动商务联盟CBE孵化环境的基础上提出一种协作组织模式,讨论该组织模式的构建方法和组织内部企业间的协同机制。
针对现有研究对组织模式的评价通常局限于对个体成员企业的评价,缺乏整体组织层面的综合评价方法问题,结合移动商务组织间关系管理的现状以及商务模式的特征,从明确协作组织内部成员间关系、所在外部环境及目标需求的角度出发,对移动商务协作组织结构评价因素和指标进行分析归纳,设计一套两层次移动商务协作组织结构评价指标体系。并建立七阶段的协作组织结构评价过程模型。
移动商务协作组织的成员特征及成员间关系特征决定了协作组织结构评价过程中包含大量不确定性复杂信息。针对评价指标和专家评价意见的模糊特性,建立基于直觉模糊集IFS的协作组织评价模型,并从决策表综合指标最优化的角度设计了评价指标的重要性度量方法。
多数实际情况下,移动商务协作组织的评价优化是针对多目标属性,集合多专家经验和判断的综合评价过程,为使评价的输入更符合现实中评价的犹豫性特征,提出一个基于IVIFS的群决策模型,不仅充分考虑评价值的区间特性,而且重点研究基于群评价信息的客观专家权重和客观属性权重计算模型,突出主观重要性度量与客观重要性度量间的平衡。并用案例分析方法说明针对移动商务协作组织评价的过程以及模型有效性。
The era of information has brought technological evolutions that not only improve the efficiency of social production, but also affect people's daily lives. One of the most important technologies is the wireless communication technology. Business transactions have been transformed from the Internet to the mobile network under the support of wireless communication platform, thus bring a new business model:mobile commerce. Mobile commerce on one hand facilitates the conduct of business activities by enabling querys of business information at anytime, anywhere, On the other hand it provides a new profit model for many organizations. It extends the traditional user base, creates a wide variety of mobile products and services, and also promotes the diversification of mobile technology and application development.
As the rapid development of mobile commerce under the interaction of mobile communication technology and market, there are increasingly more enterprises and organizations participate in this field. Consider the complexity of inter-organization relationships of mobile commerce, it is difficult to adpat to new environment requirements for traditional enterprise cooperation models. Therefore, it is more and more important to study features of mobile commerce and collaboration methods for the integration of core competitive capacities of value chain partners. Currently, extensive researches have conducted on collaboration models and the evaluation of organizational structures in manufacturing industry. But rare attentions have been put on the study of collaboration and evaluation of organizational structure in the field of Chinese mobile commerce.
Based on the analysis of mobile commerce and mobile value chain in China's business environment, this thesis researches on organizational models for mobile business collaboration, index system, and evaluation process of collaborative organizational structure. One of the emphasis is the construction of collaborative organization for mobile commerce based on the breeding environment which is consisted of enterprises and organizations in mobile business alliance. Another emphasis is the applications of intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set theory on evalutions of collaboratonal organizational structure. This study not only expands the traditional organizational theory, but also enriches methodology of structure evaluation for mobile commerce.
Based on reviewing the status quo of researches on mobile commerce, categorying collaborative organization types, and research on mobile business value chain, this thesis analysises characteristics of members and their relationship in mobile commerce. Then a collaborative organization model based on the breeding environment in mobile commerce strategic alliance is proposed. This thesis also discusses construction process of collaborative organization as well as the coordination mechanism for enterprise partners.
Existing researches on the evaluation of organizational structure are usually limited to the evaluation of individual member companies, which neglects the importance of comprehensive evaluation from organization's collaborational perspective. In order to bridge the gap, this thesis proposes evalution factors and builds a two level index system from the perspectives of internal relationship and external requirements of project objectives by analysising the status quo of relationship management in mobile commerce and features of mobile commerce business model. On this base, a seven-stage evaluation process model for collaborative organizational structure is established.
The features of members and relationships of mobile commerce lead to varieties of uncertain and incomplete information during the process of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure evaluation. Because the theory of intuitionistic fuzzy sets takes advantage in expressing fuzzy, uncertain data, a collaborative organization structure evaluation model is eastablished based on IFS theory. A promoted evaluation of index importance method is proposed from the perspective of optimizing the decision table index.
In most practical cases, the evaluation of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure is a mutiple objective, mutiple attribute process which integrates experiences and judgements from multiple experts. To make the input of expert judgement more realistic, the IVIFS theory is emploied to express the hesitation of expert judgement. On this base, a group decision model is established. One feature is that this model set a great balance between objective and subjective measurement of the expert importance weight and index importance weight. At last, case analysises are presented as model validation and descriptions of mobile commerce collaborative organization structure evaluation process.
引文
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