胜坨油田河流相储层建筑结构分析与剩余油分布研究
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摘要
目前,胜坨油田已经进入特高含水期,存在着综合含水率高、采出程度高、采油速度高、储采比低、采收率低等问题。储层平面上大面积水淹,剩余油分布异常复杂,分析难度大,其开发对象已由早期的油层组到中期的小层乃至如今的单层、单砂体,开采的主要矛盾已由层间矛盾转为如今层内矛盾乃至砂体内部建筑结构之间的矛盾。原有的简单的划分亚相带以及河道与非河道沉积的地质模型已难于适应开发的需要,迫切需要建立更为精确的地质模型。
以胜坨油田二区沙二段34层为例,确定构型要素的识别与划分标准,建立河流相储层构型要素空间分布随机模型,探索构型要素对剩余油空间分布的影响和形式,将对河流相储层剩余油挖潜、提高采收率具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。
本文应用多学科理论和方法,以河流沉积学理论和现代沉积研究为基础,以计算机技术、测井解释技术、储层随机建模技术、油藏数值模拟技术、油藏工程综合分析技术、岩心分析试验等技术为手段,综合利用油藏地质、钻井、测井、试油、试采及生产动态等多种信息资料,建立精细的储层构型要素空间分布模型及剩余油分布模型,寻找河流相储层构型要素控制油藏属性空间分布的规律,进而明确河流相储层构型要素控制剩余油分布的机理。
通过对15口取心井的观察,研究储层岩矿特征、成岩作用和微观孔隙结构,并且建立了不同开发时期的多种油藏属性参数的测井解释模型,共处理了400多口井的测井资料。对工区进行了建筑结构分析研究,确定了构型要素的识别与划分标准,划分了9种岩相类型、7级沉积界面和7种构型要素(河道充填沉积、心滩、天然堤、决口扇、洪泛平原细粒、河道滞留沉积、落淤层)。在此基础上,使用随机建模手段,建立了工区构型要素空间分布模型,并提出了以构型要素空间分布为约束条件,建立油藏属性(孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度等)的空间分布随机模型的新思路。抽稀检验结果表明,建立的模型较为准确。在此基础上,提出了多种构型要素空间组合模型,并对各模型的组合特征及其对剩余油分布的控制作用进行了论述。依据构型要素空间分布形态,调整各项动态参数,使用ECLIPSE软件进行油藏数值模拟和历史拟合运算,得到了构型要素控制下的剩余油分布模型,并给出了剩余油富集的有利开发区域。为河流相储层剩余油研究提供了新思路和新方法。
Nowadays, Shengtuo oilfield has already been in high water-cut stage. During the period of production , many problems such as high composite water cut, high degree of reserve recovery, too fast production rate, low reserve and production ratio and low recovery ratio has happened. It is very difficult to find the distribution of remainder oil. The development object has already been changed from oil layer groups to single layer. The main contradiction between formation and formation has already been changed to the contradiction among architectural-elements. The geological models which were established by simple ways has already not fitted the require of production. It is cry for finding more accurate geological models to guide the production.
Take 34 layer in Es2 of No.2 area in Shengtuo oilfield for example, we establish fluvial facies reservoir architectural-elements 3D distribution model, confirm the identify standard of architectural-elements, find the way which architectural-elements affect the distribution of remaining oil. All of these works can provide theory support for improving recovery ratio.
On the basis of fluvial sedimentology and modern sediment facies study, applying computer technology, log interpretation, stochastic simulation, numerical reservoir simulation and core analysis technology we can establish fine architectural-elements 3D distribution model and remaining oil distribution model. By the way of analyzing architectural-elements 3D distribution model, we can find the remaining oil distribution rule.
On the basis of 15 coring holes’analysis and assay and taking many factors such as lithology, sediment feature, electrical feature into account, 9 lithofacies types, 7 rank interfaces and 7 architectural-elements are established. 7 architectural-elements are consist of channel charge, channel bar, natural levee, crevasse splay, channel lag deposit, floodplain fine grain and interlayer. The architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model was founded by the way of stochastic simulation. The new method that establish reservoir property models(which include porosity permeability oil saturation) was controlled by architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model. Another model that only less a few wells was established to test the accuracy of architectural-element model. The result of the test reveales that the architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model is more accuracy and more reliable. How architectural-elements assemble, what characters they have and in which way the architectural-elements combination control the distribution of remaining oil are also interpreted in this paper. According to the distribution of architectural-elements, we adjust reservoir dynamic parameters. This paper used Eclipse software for reservoir numerical simulation and history match, then the remaining oil distribution model was established and the areas which remaining oil gathered were pointed out. This paper took a new way for fluvial facies reservoir remaining oil researching.
以胜坨油田二区沙二段34层为例,确定构型要素的识别与划分标准,建立河流相储层构型要素空间分布随机模型,探索构型要素对剩余油空间分布的影响和形式,将对河流相储层剩余油挖潜、提高采收率具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。
本文应用多学科理论和方法,以河流沉积学理论和现代沉积研究为基础,以计算机技术、测井解释技术、储层随机建模技术、油藏数值模拟技术、油藏工程综合分析技术、岩心分析试验等技术为手段,综合利用油藏地质、钻井、测井、试油、试采及生产动态等多种信息资料,建立精细的储层构型要素空间分布模型及剩余油分布模型,寻找河流相储层构型要素控制油藏属性空间分布的规律,进而明确河流相储层构型要素控制剩余油分布的机理。
通过对15口取心井的观察,研究储层岩矿特征、成岩作用和微观孔隙结构,并且建立了不同开发时期的多种油藏属性参数的测井解释模型,共处理了400多口井的测井资料。对工区进行了建筑结构分析研究,确定了构型要素的识别与划分标准,划分了9种岩相类型、7级沉积界面和7种构型要素(河道充填沉积、心滩、天然堤、决口扇、洪泛平原细粒、河道滞留沉积、落淤层)。在此基础上,使用随机建模手段,建立了工区构型要素空间分布模型,并提出了以构型要素空间分布为约束条件,建立油藏属性(孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度等)的空间分布随机模型的新思路。抽稀检验结果表明,建立的模型较为准确。在此基础上,提出了多种构型要素空间组合模型,并对各模型的组合特征及其对剩余油分布的控制作用进行了论述。依据构型要素空间分布形态,调整各项动态参数,使用ECLIPSE软件进行油藏数值模拟和历史拟合运算,得到了构型要素控制下的剩余油分布模型,并给出了剩余油富集的有利开发区域。为河流相储层剩余油研究提供了新思路和新方法。
Nowadays, Shengtuo oilfield has already been in high water-cut stage. During the period of production , many problems such as high composite water cut, high degree of reserve recovery, too fast production rate, low reserve and production ratio and low recovery ratio has happened. It is very difficult to find the distribution of remainder oil. The development object has already been changed from oil layer groups to single layer. The main contradiction between formation and formation has already been changed to the contradiction among architectural-elements. The geological models which were established by simple ways has already not fitted the require of production. It is cry for finding more accurate geological models to guide the production.
Take 34 layer in Es2 of No.2 area in Shengtuo oilfield for example, we establish fluvial facies reservoir architectural-elements 3D distribution model, confirm the identify standard of architectural-elements, find the way which architectural-elements affect the distribution of remaining oil. All of these works can provide theory support for improving recovery ratio.
On the basis of fluvial sedimentology and modern sediment facies study, applying computer technology, log interpretation, stochastic simulation, numerical reservoir simulation and core analysis technology we can establish fine architectural-elements 3D distribution model and remaining oil distribution model. By the way of analyzing architectural-elements 3D distribution model, we can find the remaining oil distribution rule.
On the basis of 15 coring holes’analysis and assay and taking many factors such as lithology, sediment feature, electrical feature into account, 9 lithofacies types, 7 rank interfaces and 7 architectural-elements are established. 7 architectural-elements are consist of channel charge, channel bar, natural levee, crevasse splay, channel lag deposit, floodplain fine grain and interlayer. The architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model was founded by the way of stochastic simulation. The new method that establish reservoir property models(which include porosity permeability oil saturation) was controlled by architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model. Another model that only less a few wells was established to test the accuracy of architectural-element model. The result of the test reveales that the architectural-element 3-D spatial distribution model is more accuracy and more reliable. How architectural-elements assemble, what characters they have and in which way the architectural-elements combination control the distribution of remaining oil are also interpreted in this paper. According to the distribution of architectural-elements, we adjust reservoir dynamic parameters. This paper used Eclipse software for reservoir numerical simulation and history match, then the remaining oil distribution model was established and the areas which remaining oil gathered were pointed out. This paper took a new way for fluvial facies reservoir remaining oil researching.
引文
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